What's the difference between shuttle and transfer?

Shuttle


Definition:

  • (n.) An instrument used in weaving for passing or shooting the thread of the woof from one side of the cloth to the other between the threads of the warp.
  • (n.) The sliding thread holder in a sewing machine, which carries the lower thread through a loop of the upper thread, to make a lock stitch.
  • (n.) A shutter, as for a channel for molten metal.
  • (v. i.) To move backwards and forwards, like a shuttle.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Transfer of the shuttle vectors from B. uniformis donors to E. coli occurred at the same frequencies when the matings were done aerobically or anaerobically.
  • (2) The effects of perinatal malnutrition on behavioural development and adult shuttle-box avoidance performance were studied in Swiss white mice.
  • (3) The chimeric shuttle vector was transformed into strain GS-5, and two transformants (TK15 and TK18) were isolated.
  • (4) The effect of angiotensin II (ATII) and of its interactions with dopaminergic drugs injected post-trial on retention in active avoidance tasks in shuttle-box-trained rats were studied.
  • (5) No effect was observed on the [6-3H]glucose half-life suggesting the dicarboxylic acid shuttle is unaffected by adrenalectomy; the Cori cycle is also not influenced.
  • (6) The implication that attenuation is due to the inhibition of energy transport via a PCr shuttle resulting in the decrease of ATP and accumulation of inhibitory levels of ADP distally has been supported by calculating sperm PCr and ATP levels resulting from diffusion along the flagellum.
  • (7) These results are consistent with data previously obtained by others in the supF shuttle vector system and the CHO aprt gene.
  • (8) The use of a new single long-terminal-repeat retroviral shuttle vector has allowed us to obtain copies of the Ld gene with the first seven exons spliced correctly, as well as many other partially spliced or aberrantly recombined copies.
  • (9) In addition, shuttle vectors that can be established both in Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli have been constructed by adding a pMB9 replicon.
  • (10) To gain insight into the mechanisms by which carcinogens induce mutations in human cells, we have been comparing the frequency and spectrum of mutations induced when a shuttle vector, pS189, carrying covalently bound residues of structurally related carcinogens, replicates in human 293 cells.
  • (11) A possible functional role for LDH isoenzyme X is proposed: the redox couple-2-oxo acid-2-hydroxy acid could integrate a shuttle system transferring reducing equivalents from cytoplasm to mitochondria.
  • (12) In contrast to these enzymes, the levels of cytoplasmic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (cGPDH), the enzyme representative of the alpha-glycerophosphate shuttle, were higher (25%) in the type II fibres.
  • (13) In cells from hypothyroid animals, a 58% depression of glucose formation and 68% reduction in ureogenesis were induced by n-butylmalonate, an inhibitor of the malate shuttle.
  • (14) It has recently been shown that transport of electron opaque tracers can occur via the vesicular system, but the detailed ultrastructure is inconsistent with the transcytotic shuttling of single vesicles.
  • (15) The fragment mediates an increased level of methicillin resistance when inserted into a shuttle vector and transformed back into the sensitive strain generated when the original DNA was deleted.
  • (16) Rats were trained to perform shuttle responses to a buzzer in four different situations: pseudoconditioning or D test (buzzers and footshocks presented at random), classical conditioning or DP test (buzzers and footshocks paired on every trial), avoidance without stimulus pairing or DC test (buzzer-shock intervals varied at random, shocks contingent upon non-emission of a shuttle response to the preceding buzzer), and standard two-way avoidance or DPC test (buzzers paired to shocks, but the latter omitted every time there was shuttling to the buzzer).
  • (17) A Thermus-E. coli shuttle vector pYK109 was constructed.
  • (18) This shuttle may function at specific times to catalytically generate cytosolic NADP+ and in turn regulate enzymes limited by [NADP+].
  • (19) Lack of actin filaments around giant vacuoles in Schlemm's canal indicates that they do not play a role in shuttling aqueous across the endothelium of the canal.
  • (20) In addition, prenatal alcohol exposure produced a deficit in acquisition and performance of a shuttle-avoidance task.

Transfer


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To convey from one place or person another; to transport, remove, or cause to pass, to another place or person; as, to transfer the laws of one country to another; to transfer suspicion.
  • (v. t.) To make over the possession or control of; to pass; to convey, as a right, from one person to another; to give; as, the title to land is transferred by deed.
  • (v. t.) To remove from one substance or surface to another; as, to transfer drawings or engravings to a lithographic stone.
  • (n.) The act of transferring, or the state of being transferred; the removal or conveyance of a thing from one place or person to another.
  • (n.) The conveyance of right, title, or property, either real or personal, from one person to another, whether by sale, by gift, or otherwise.
  • (n.) That which is transferred.
  • (n.) A picture, or the like, removed from one body or ground to another, as from wood to canvas, or from one piece of canvas to another.
  • (n.) A drawing or writing printed off from one surface on another, as in ceramics and in many decorative arts.
  • (n.) A soldier removed from one troop, or body of troops, and placed in another.
  • (n.) A pathological process by virtue of which a unilateral morbid condition on being abolished on one side of the body makes its appearance in the corresponding region upon the other side.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) We attribute this in part to early diagnosis by computed tomography (CT), but a contributory factor may be earlier referrals from country centres to a paediatric trauma centre and rapid transfer, by air or road, by medical retrieval teams.
  • (2) In conclusion, the efficacy of free tissue transfer in the treatment of osteomyelitis is geared mainly at enabling the surgeon to perform a wide radical debridement of infected and nonviable soft tissue and bone.
  • (3) When chimeric animals were subjected to a lethal challenge of endotoxin, their response was markedly altered by the transferred lymphoid cells.
  • (4) Electronmicroscopical investigations have revealed that, under normal conditions, a minor vesicular transfer of intravenously injected peroxidase occurs across the endothelium in segments of arterioles, capillaries and venules, especially in arterioles with a diameter about 15-30 mu.
  • (5) In addition to oncogenes, the transferred DNA contains genes that direct the synthesis and exudation of opines, which are used as nutrients by the bacteria.
  • (6) These data indicate that RNA faithfully transfers "suppressive" as well as "positive" types of immune responses that have been reported previously for lymphocytes obtained directly from tumour-bearing and tumour-immune animals.
  • (7) Mike Ashley told Lee Charnley that maybe he could talk with me last week but I said: ‘Listen, we cannot say too much so I think it’s better if we wait.’ The message Mike Ashley is sending is quite positive, but it was better to talk after we play Tottenham.” Benítez will ask Ashley for written assurances over his transfer budget, control of transfers and other spheres of club autonomy, but can also reassure the owner that the prospect of managing in the second tier holds few fears for him.
  • (8) Schneiderlin, valued at an improbable £27m, and the currently injured Jay Rodriguez are wanted by their former manager Mauricio Pochettino at Spurs, but the chairman Ralph Krueger has apparently called a halt to any more outgoings, saying: “They are part of the core that we have decided to keep at Southampton.” He added: “Jay Rodriguez and Morgan Schneiderlin are not for sale and they will be a part of our club as we enter the new season.” The new manager Ronald Koeman has begun rebuilding by bringing in Dusan Tadic and Graziano Pellè from the Dutch league and Krueger said: “We will have players coming in, we will make transfers to strengthen the squad.
  • (9) From the biochemical markers in follicular fluid, cyclic adenosine monophosphate has a distinct predictive value in regard to pregnancy in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles.
  • (10) We have evaluated the life-span of B lymphocytes by measuring the functional reactivity of normal B cells upon transfer into xid mice, which do not respond to anti-mu, fluoresceinated-Ficoll (FL-Ficoll) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl aminoethylcarbamylmethyl Ficoll (TNP-Ficoll).
  • (11) These two types of transfer functions are appropriate to explain the transition to anaerobic metabolism (anaerobic threshold), with a hyperbolic transfer characteristic representing a graded transition; and a sigmoid transfer characteristic representing an abrupt transition.
  • (12) This mobilization procedure allowed transfer and expression of pJT1 Ag+ resistance in E. coli C600.
  • (13) Ferrocene derivatives, in general, show a degree of versatility, coupling the electron-transfer reactions of many enzymes.
  • (14) They are capable of synthesis and accumulation of glycogen and responsible for its transfer to sites of more intense metabolism (growth, bud, blastema).
  • (15) When labelled long-chain fatty acids or glycerol were infused into the lactating goat, there was extensive transfer of radioactivity into milk in spite of the absence of net uptake of substrate by the mammary gland.
  • (16) Other recommendations for immediate action included a review of the Nursing and Midwifery Council and the General Medical Council for doctors, with possible changes to their structures; the possible transfer of powers to launch criminal prosecutions for care scandals from the Health and Safety Executive to the Care Quality Council; and a new inspection regime, which would focus more closely on how clean, safe and caring hospitals were.
  • (17) Hydrogen isotope effects on these mutants indicate that MotA catalyzes proton transfer.
  • (18) Cloned genes encoding pertussis toxin from B. pertussis were transferred into Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis by conjugation.
  • (19) Median time for ventilatory support was 90 minutes after transfer to the area.
  • (20) 3H-TBOB is then transferred into liver, the primary organ of its metabolic detoxication.