What's the difference between singlet and winglet?
Singlet
Definition:
(n.) An unlined or undyed waistcoat; a single garment; -- opposed to doublet.
Example Sentences:
(1) Quantitative singlet-singlet energy-transfer measurements were carried out to determine changes in the distance between the two Met-84 H4 sites within the same nucleosome following conformational transitions which we have reported earlier.
(2) In neutral or basic aqueous solution guanine, guanosine, deoxyguanosine, guanylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, thymine, and uracil reacted with singlet oxygen.
(3) This broad singlet does not appear to be a tyrosyl radical.
(4) The ESR spectrum exhibited a singlet (g = 2.0021) with a 5.4-G peak-to-peak linewidth.
(5) While hydroxyl radicals produce DNA strand breaks and sites of base loss (AP sites) in high yield and react with all four bases of DNA, singlet oxygen generates predominantly modified guanine residues and few strand breaks and AP sites.
(6) These changes are detected by variations in the rate of decay of the excited singlet state of pyrene after pulsation with a 10-nsec ruby laser flash.
(7) This has been demonstrated using a separated-surface-sensitizer system for generating chemically pure singlet oxygen, eliminating most of the complications that arise with singlet oxygen generation by conventional photosensitization.
(8) Since all the sulfhydryl groups of beta-crystallin are known to be exposed on the surface of the protein (Andley et al, 1982, Biochemistry 21, 1853), these results suggest that the pronounced changes in conformation of beta-crystallin by singlet oxygen may be due to a rapid loss of the protein tertiary structure by oxidation of the sulfhydryl groups.
(9) The quantum yields for singlet oxygen formation via energy transfer from triplet alpha-terthienyl have been obtained from time-resolved measurements of its IR phosphorescence: these yields are in the 0.6-0.8 range in non-polar and polar (hydroxylic and non-hydroxylic) solvents.
(10) Attempts with various chemical sources of singlet oxygen to determine whether this species inactivates DNA did not give an unequivocal answer.
(11) The near IR emission at 1270 nm following pulsed laser excitation of methylene blue in deuterium oxide, was used to study the interaction of a singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) with (i) 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its oxidation products, and (ii) biosubstrates of relevance in Parkinson's disease.
(12) This differs from results obtained with native enzyme, where pterin acts as a sensitizer via efficient singlet-singlet energy transfer to FADH2.
(13) Chemiluminescence appears to result from a side reaction involving singlet oxygen attack on the alpha-methene bridge, yielding a dioxetane.
(14) In acetonitrile, diphenylamine was oxidized by singlet oxygen to form N-phenyl-p-benzoquinonimine.
(15) This information combined with the fluorescence quantum yield data account for the low values for singlet oxygen production.
(16) Other roles of carnosine, such as chelation of metal ions, quenching of singlet oxygen, and binding of hydroperoxides, are also discussed.
(17) Tests for the ability of singlet oxygen to induce lambda prophage in E. coli K12 also proved negative.
(18) The light-dependent reaction appears to be mediated by singlet oxygen.
(19) Superoxide anion (O-2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) were estimated but undetectable during the dopa-tyrosinase reaction.
(20) Evidence is presented for three mechanisms of inhibition by extendible nucleotides (of dhp and ara types) exhibiting frequent internalization: araATP acted as a simple pseudoterminator of alpha and beta polymerases, but was easily extended past singlet sites by Herpesviridae polymerases and only stalled at sites requiring two or more araATP insertions in a row.
Winglet
Definition:
(n.) A little wing; a very small wing.
(n.) A bastard wing, or alula.
Example Sentences:
(1) Many twig-like processes originated from the free margin of the winglet of the enkephalin neurons (wing-ramuli).
(2) Distinct immunoreactivity was shown in the many Dogiel type 1 neurons, characterized by short broad processes (winglets or alulae) and one long axon-like process, as well as a few type 2, characterized by several tapering processes, and type 3 neurons, characterized by dendrite-like processes.