What's the difference between sludge and smudge?

Sludge


Definition:

  • (n.) Mud; mire; soft mud; slush.
  • (n.) Small floating pieces of ice, or masses of saturated snow.
  • (n.) See Slime, 4.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) A clinical investigation was made between workers exposed to dried sewage sludge dust and age matched controls not exposed.
  • (2) The basic pathways of its transformation were oxidation via formiate to CO2 with its partial reutilization and direct incorporation into the sludge biomass via the primary formation of serine.
  • (3) Since some genotoxic metals are diffused in the environment and are often sequestered as insoluble precipitates in water sediments and sludges, the introduction of NTA is likely to increase the risk of environmental pollution because of its ability to solubilize and make those metals reactive.
  • (4) Histological examination suggested that the gall sludge in the pancreatic cyst was caused by the reflux of bile into the pancreatic duct through the papilla of Vater.
  • (5) Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in sewage wastes at a municipal sewage treatment plant was studied, showing that the great bulk of PCBs entering such a treatment plant become adsorbed onto the grit chamber solids and the sludge that is passed from the anaerobic digesters.
  • (6) In contrast to widespread distribution of PCBs in the environment, PCT residues were seldom found in samples from aquatic environments such as water and sludge and waterfowl and fish, and, if found, the levels of PCTs were so low as to be practically negligible.
  • (7) Gallbladder sludge produced internal echoes without a sonic shadow.
  • (8) Issues in differential diagnosis are discussed for the following findings: internal gallbladder echoes (calculi vs tumefactive sludge, air, hematobilia, parasitic infestation, cholecystosis, neoplasia, and artifacts), gallbladder wall thickening (acute cholecystitis vs acalculous cholecystitis, artifacts, ascites, hypoalbuminemia, hepatitis, and sclerosing cholangitis), pericholecystic fluid (cholecystitis vs ascites, perforated ulcer, and trauma), bile duct dilatation (biliary obstruction vs sclerosing cholangitis, biliary air, anomalous portal system, biliary atresia, Caroli disease, and cholangiocarcinoma), perinatal and neonatal biliary disease, and sclerosing cholangitis.
  • (9) However, no countermeasures for this have been developed, nor has any system for the measurement of the H2S held in sewerage water and sludge been established yet.
  • (10) At present it is not possible to quantify the effects attributed to acid rain only; account must be also be taken of cadmium added to, e.g., soil by use of sewage sludge and other fertilizers.
  • (11) Activated sludge extracts made from different treatment plants varied in efficacy in evoking maximal viable counts.
  • (12) Most obvious differences can be found for Cd: While the concentrations of soluble Cd in anaerobically digested sludge only increase at pH values lower than pH 4, the solubility of Cd in precipitation sludge and limed sludges already show rapid increases at pH values lower than 7.
  • (13) The microbiological composition of broiler and pig sludge did not differ.
  • (14) The transformation and toxicity of trichlorophenols (TCPs) were studied with a methanogenic enrichment culture derived from sewage sludge.
  • (15) Counts of all fungi were significantly increased at certain treatments with sludge, except those of Aspergillus niger (at the high dose after 6 weeks), Fusarium (at each of the three doses after 3 weeks and at the high dose after 6 weeks) and Paecilomyces varioti (by the medium and the high doses after 1 week) whose counts were significantly lower than those in untreated soil.
  • (16) The infectious agent, S. typhi-murium, was isolated not only from several inmates but also from sick cows of the farm belonging to the home, in animal feed, from employees of the local butcher's shop, and finally in sludge from the local sewage plant.
  • (17) The transitive cerebral distension which is necessary for the neuro-surgeon during interventions is obtained by moderate controlled hyperventilation, deliberate arterial hypotension, application of the anti-sludge therapy for the cerebral microcirculation.
  • (18) This technique proved to be rapid and reliable for the enumeration of salmonellae in water, waste water, and waste-water sludges.
  • (19) These elements originated from the wastewater sludge.
  • (20) Although ultrasound is effective in demonstrating the anatomical features of prolonged gallbladder stasis including sludge, stones, and thickened gallbladder wall, it cannot detect cystic duct patency.

Smudge


Definition:

  • (n.) A suffocating smoke.
  • (n.) A heap of damp combustibles partially ignited and burning slowly, placed on the windward side of a house, tent, or the like, in order, by the thick smoke, to keep off mosquitoes or other insects.
  • (n.) That which is smeared upon anything; a stain; a blot; a smutch; a smear.
  • (v. t.) To stifle or smother with smoke; to smoke by means of a smudge.
  • (v. t.) To smear; to smutch; to soil; to blacken with smoke.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The most common microscopic features included dense marrow fibrosis or "scar" formation, a sprinkling of lymphocytes in a relative absence of other inflammatory cells (especially histiocytes), and smudged, nonresorbing necrotic bone flakes.
  • (2) Peripheral blood smears from old NZB mice show an increase in circulating lymphocytes and "smudged" or ruptured cells, often seen in human CLL.
  • (3) On light microscopy, "rosette" and "smudge" cells were seen in these cases, and two patterns of virus particle distribution in infected cells were seen ultrastructurally.
  • (4) With Kitade sporting teased hair, dark, smudged makeup, ropes and an arm piercing, it's safe to assume her music will also take a turn for the darker.
  • (5) Smudging of Z-bands and diffuse dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, although occasionally diffuse and massive, were often found in otherwise normal muscle fibres and were rarely observed in severely atrophic ones.
  • (6) Renal tubular cells exhibit eccentric nuclei, with smudged chromatine, and round, refringent cytoplasmic vacuoles.
  • (7) The occurrence of smudge, as it is often called, is not very common, but is brought to the attention of most jewelers from time to time.
  • (8) Inkjet tends to be cheaper than laser, but the ink can smudge.
  • (9) There are dark smudges under her eyes, and she looks both wound up with adrenaline, and exhausted.
  • (10) Four distinct but aspecific patterns of omental pathology were identified with CT: omental caking; finely infiltrated fat with a "smudged" appearance; discrete nodules; cystic masses.
  • (11) Autopsy revealed an extensive necrotizing bronchiolitis and alveolitis with frequent "smudge cells."
  • (12) The sharp stick is now there and a little while ago I found myself high up it, wondering at a 60-mile-wide sweep in which I could see Southend-on-Sea in one direction and Ascot in the other, or, rather, smudges I was told were these pleasure grounds of poor and rich.
  • (13) It was the first of the khamseen , a dust-filled wind that sweeps in from the Sahara each spring, blurring the streets and skies into a single ochre smudge.
  • (14) A sheet of paper filled with statistics, A certificate with smudged footprints, A tiny bracelet engraved "Girl, Smith."
  • (15) We conclude that in the presence of smudge cells, leukocyte counts can be made as reliably by automated methods as by pipette and chamber technics.
  • (16) The overheating of the instruments is considered to be the main cause and the plastic materials smudges and unstable fixing of the diamond grains--as accompanying causes.
  • (17) It was histopathologically demonstrated that necrobiotic tubular cells had inclusion-bearing cells of three types: "smudge cells," Cowdry A intranuclear inclusion cells, and full-type intranuclear-containing cells.
  • (18) The smears showed cells containing nuclear inclusions with radiated strands ("rosette" cells), large homogeneously-staining nuclei ("smudge" cells) and nuclei with a "honeycomb" appearance.
  • (19) The classic appearance is that of milk of calcium, seen as linear, curvilinear, or teacup-shaped particles on horizontal-beam lateral views and as ill-defined smudges on vertical-beam craniocaudal views.
  • (20) Other presentations include milk of calcium within microcysts in a unilateral, clustered distribution; milk of calcium within macrocysts; sandlike calcifications (discrete particles rather than smudges on craniocaudal view) within cysts of various sizes; and rarely, milk of calcium within the lipid cysts of either fat necrosis or galactoceles.