(n.) A black substance formed by combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of combustion, which rises in fine particles, and adheres to the sides of the chimney or pipe conveying the smoke; strictly, the fine powder, consisting chiefly of carbon, which colors smoke, and which is the result of imperfect combustion. See Smoke.
(v. t.) To cover or dress with soot; to smut with, or as with, soot; as, to soot land.
(a.) Alt. of Soote
Example Sentences:
(1) With the exception of PMMA and PTFE, all plastics leave a very heavy tar- and soot deposit after burning.
(2) No difference in the yield of bacterial mutagens per gram of fuel burned was found between cyclic operation under low and moderate sooting conditions.
(3) The report also warned of a growing risk of contaminated water supply because of sea-level rise and flooding, and poor air quality as hotter temperatures cook the smog, and soot from wildfires drifts across the country.
(4) When soot from those fires settles over the ice, it captures the sun's heat.
(5) The impact of the soot is as significant as it is surprising — it was not mentioned as a warming factor in the UN's major 2007 report on climate change.
(6) Under the same incubation conditions without soot, free B[a]P was extensively metabolized by microsomes, principally to B[a]P-9,10-diol.
(7) Nitrogen dioxide is shown to be a more hazardous pollutant than flame-soot within the given combination.
(8) To determine the factors affecting the bioavailability of particle-associated PAH, we have studied the ability of microsomes to facilitate transfer of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) adsorbed on the surface of diesel exhaust soot particles to the microsomes and the ability of the microsomes to metabolize the transferred B[a]P. Our results indicate that rat lung and liver microsomes were able to facilitate the transfer of small amounts of B[a]P from diesel particles (less than 3%), but only a fraction of the amount transferred (1-2%) was metabolized.
(9) The transport rates of each material component of diesel exhaust particles (soot, slowly cleared organics, and fast-cleared organics) were derived using available experimental data and several mathematical approximations.
(10) The intense phototoxic activity of native soot ingested by the ciliates was shown to be dependent on the amount of polycyclic hydrocarbons contained.
(11) The figure includes around 29,000 deaths hastened by inhaling minute particles of oily, unburnt soot emitted by all petrol engines, and an estimated 23,500 by the invisible but toxic gas NO 2 emitted by diesel engines.
(12) His head pounds, “my chest gets heavy, stomach gets tight” and “I feel suffocated, anxious.” “I have difficulty breathing at the end of the day, my face is black with soot,” says Kumar, waiting for his next fare on a noisy corner in south Delhi, beside a road jammed with honking cars, trucks and buses.
(13) But by far the greatest source of renewable energy used globally at present is burning biomass (about 10% of the total global energy supply), which is problematic because it can cause deforestation, leads to deposits of soot that accelerate global warming, and cooking fires cause indoor air pollution that harms health.
(14) Among carcinogens identified in the work environment, tars, soots and oils with content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (46.5%), chromium compounds (24.3%), "other" chemicals like ferric oxide, dichlorobenzidine, N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine (9.1%), and asbestos (9.1%) have predominated in proportions given in brackets.
(15) A rapid optical method for determining the quantity of soot in the lungs of rodents exposed to diluted diesel exhaust has been developed.
(16) In using the standard alkali digestion method for pulmonary asbestos fibre count, it was found that carbonaceous particles often obscured the presence of asbestos bodies (coated fibres) rendering their quantification inaccurate, particularly in lungs with a high soot particle content and a low fibre count.
(17) But when recent observations about the atmospheric height of soot particles were used, a model simulation by the Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research-Oslo (Cicero), published in the journal Nature Communications , found that its warming impacts were roughly halved.
(18) The benzene extract of oil shale soot, painted on the skin of white mice, proved to be strongly carcinogenic: in most of the animals skin tumors developed.
(19) 12 patients showed isolated mucosal inflammation, 5 blackish deposits (of impacted soot) and blisters in 6 (with shreds of mucosa hanging loose); the endoscopy was normal in 18; 66% of those with blisters (4 cases out of 6) and 40% with blackened mucosa (2 cases out of 5) were observed in burns from fires.
(20) Together, these tricks of the auto trade should increase a car’s fuel economy and lower its carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), soot or toxic nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) gas pollution levels by about 10-20%.
Sot
Definition:
(n.) A stupid person; a blockhead; a dull fellow; a dolt.
(n.) A person stupefied by excessive drinking; an habitual drunkard.
(a.) Sottish; foolish; stupid; dull.
(v. t.) To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot.
(v. i.) To tipple to stupidity.
Example Sentences:
(1) AES in all three concentrations produced the least clinical necrosis, no histologic necrosis, and resolved faster than SOT or HS.
(2) After addition of ouabain (1 microM) the after potentials, after contractions, and SOP and SOT amplitude were significantly increased.
(3) Right atrial (RA), left atrial (LA), and aortic pressures, mixed venous (SmvO2) and aortic (SaO2) oxygen saturation, and whole-body oxygen consumption (VO2) were measured, and systemic blood flow (Qs), systemic oxygen transport (SOT), and oxygen extraction were calculated before and after occlusion.
(4) These data suggest that: O2 saturation cannot be predicted or calculated accurately from measured Po2, but must be measured directly, 2,3-DPG, hemoglobin concentration, and P50 fluctuate to stabilize arterial oxygen content, SOT is determined primarily by cardiac output in subjects who are adapted chronically, O2 extraction rises, due to a fall in venous O2 content, to maintain VO2 as transport falls, below a critical level of SOT, O2 extraction ceases to rise and VO2 falls with further reduction in transport.
(5) The decreased firing rate during the reward period was greatly attenuated in the no-reward tasks (n = 29) and was blocked by electrophoretic application of a beta-adrenoceptive antagonist [sotalol (SOT), n = 26].
(6) From 1981 through 1986, BW, hip height, and scrotal circumference (SC) measurements were obtained on 329 bulls at the start of a 140-d gain test (SOT) and every 28 d to the end of test (EOT).
(7) Its massive $5bn battery factory in partnership with Panasonic is expected to cut the sots of cells for its car by 30%.
(8) A study was conducted to determine the effect of preventive educational efforts among 621 female prostitutes in Mae Sot, Tak Province, in 1989.
(9) Four interexaminer and one intraexaminer agreement studies were performed on specific diagnostic tests commonly employed within sacro-occipital technique (SOT).
(10) A survey of 15-34 year old men in Mae Sot, Tak, was conducted in December 1989 to determine their knowledge about AIDS, HIV transmission, and sexual behavior to guide future AIDS prevention programs.
(11) The effects of ryanodine on (1) ventricular arrhythmias in guinea-pigs in vivo, (2) delayed afterpotentials and aftercontractions and (3) spontaneous oscillations of the membrane potential (SOP) and of resting tension (SOT) of guinea-pig papillary muscle under ouabain intoxication have been studied.
(12) Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate the SOT scores (by group, vision, and surface condition) and the GUGT scores.
(13) Only one patient did not undergo definitive closure of his defect because of a marked decrease in Qs and SOT with a significant rise in RA pressure.
(14) A survey of persons aged 60 years and over in Mae Sot in Tak Province, Thailand was conducted in 1989 to determine the prevalence of socio-economic, functional and medical problems.
(15) The SOT and GUGT may be useful in the field to establish criteria for screening elders in a fall-prevention program.
(16) A new, not previously reported, characteristic case of SOT is presented in connection with a review of the literature.
(17) The symposium was sponsored by the Inhalation Toxicology Specialty Section of SOT, and was organized to integrate evidence from various disciplines concerning health effects from acid aerosols in ambient air.
(18) This is the seventeenth case of SOT to be reported and the first reported case related to a lower unerupted canine.
(19) It also stimulates the frequency with which linear plasmid DNA transforms Escherichia coli to antibiotic resistance (Sot function).
(20) Conversely, the microscopic characteristics of SOT are clearly defined: numerous islands of benign squamous epithelium scattered in an apparently mature connective tissue, absence of peripheral columnar cells with palisading nuclei, and absence of stellate reticulum.