(1) The complete primary structures of two hemoglobin components of the European Souslik (Citellus citellus) are presented.
(2) Cells of hibernating spotted sousliks exhibited diminished IFN production.
(3) The antiviral activity of three types of spotted souslik interferons So IFN alpha, So IFN beta and So IFN gamma was studied.
(4) In contrast to HEF and MEF cells in SL and L929 cells interferon was produced even at 21 degrees C after induction with NDV-R and at 26 degrees C after induction with poly I.poly C. A comparison of alpha and gamma interferon production by mouse and spotted souslik leukocytes did not reveal such distinct differences.
(5) The cooling of the woken sousliks to the body temperature of 30, 20 and 25 degrees C decreased to some extent the ammonia content in the brain.
(6) However, in comparison to human (HEF) and mouse (MEF) fibroblasts (homoiotherms) induced with NDV-R or poly I.poly C, interferon production in fibroblasts of spotted sousliks (SL) (heterotherm) and in the aneuploid line of mouse origin (L929) exhibits a greater cold resistance.
(7) Interferon production by virus stimulated spotted souslik tissue explants in vitro depends on the age of the tissue donor and on the kind of tissue.
(8) Young 4-5-week-old sousliks responded to induction with NDV-R and poly I. poly C with DEAE-dextran and tilorone hydrochloride as adults and produced interferon in serum and different organs, however, after induction with LPS serum interferon level did not reach the values observed in serum of adult sousliks.
(9) Studies were conducted of the effect of temperature and humidity, variant of plague microbe, frequency and duration of feeding and specificity of the host on the blockformation in the souslik fleas C. tesquorum and N. setosa infected with plague.
(10) All three types of souslik interferons were completely destroyed by trypsin and boiling at 100 degrees C for 1 min.
(11) Fibroblasts of lungs (SL), kidneys (SK) of adult sousliks and skin fibroblasts of foetuses (SE) were equally sensitive to three types of souslik interferons.
(12) The IFN production in blood and peritoneal leukocytes of sousliks awakened from winter hibernation was also lower than that observed in cultures of leukocytes of sousliks active in summer, and higher when spleen leukocytes of sousliks awakened from hibernation were examined.
(13) Experiments carried out in different seasons with different strains of rabies virus have shown that hibernation prolonged the incubation period in sousliks (Citellus major Pall.).
(14) A comparative study of interferon (IFN) production (types alpha and gamma) was carried out using leukocytes from blood, spleen, and peritoneal cavity of sousliks (ground squirrels) active in summer, hibernating in winter, awakened from hibernation in winter, and hibernating in summer.
(15) Microbiocoenoses being formed in burrows of little souslik have been investigated.
(16) The effect of forced cooling was studied as applied to the contents of ammonia, glutamine, glutaminic, asparaginic and alpha-amino butyric acids in the brain of sousliks woken-from hibernation.
(17) Light microscopy was applied to study variation in the composition and number of apudocytes in the gastric epithelium of red-cheeked sousliks over time.
(18) Low incubation temperature (26 degrees C) did not decrease but only delayed the antiviral activity of spotted souslik interferons.
(19) Nine-day-old suckling sousliks were not able to respond with interferon production to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but serum interferon levels after intraperitoneal (i.p.)
(20) There were significant differences between the titers of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma produced by leukocytes from sousliks hibernating in winter and in summer in comparison with titers of IFNs produced by cells of sousliks active in summer.
Suslik
Definition:
(n.) A ground squirrel (Spermophilus citillus) of Europe and Asia. It has large cheek pouches.
Example Sentences:
(1) A hyporeactive response to IFN induction in vivo was produced in active susliks but not in animals hibernating in summer.
(2) The quantitative morphological study of cardiomyocytes in heterothermic animals (red-cheeked susliks Citellus erythrogenys Br.)
(3) IFN levels in the organs were lower in hibernating susliks than in active ones, but, particularly in the spleen and kidneys, IFN remained detectable for longer in hibernating animals than in active susliks.
(4) An increase in osmolality, content of total lipids, sodium--free and potassium--free concentrations, and a decrease in magnesium concentration were revealed in suslik blood serum during hibernation and spontaneous awakening.
(5) The presence of the European suslik in the countries of Eastern Europe and the fleas parasitizing on the rodent, capable of transferring plague infection, permit the authors to raise the question of a possible occurrence of natural foci of plague in Roumania and Bulgaria.
(6) In high-mountain susliks the content of glutamate under these conditions increases in great cerebral hemispheres, while the asparate content lowers in cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum.
(7) High levels of blood-coagulating factors and of antithrombin III low plasma tolerance of heparin, high velocity of Hageman-dependent processes of prothrombinase formation and plasminogen activation were found in yellow suslik.
(8) The immunisation of hibernating susliks with the dermorphin conjugate leads to a gradual waking up of the animals, normalising of conditioning in all the parameters and occurrence of a motor component in avoidance conditioning.
(9) The formation of aggregations of related females is a peculiarity of the intrapopulational organization of long-tailed suslik that results in the accumulation of Citellophilus tesquorum, the main vector and keeper of the plague microbe in the Tuva plague nidus.
(10) ga at the 22nd minute on the average there occur convulsions in susliks living both in high mountains and middle mountains.
(11) In both groups, most IFN was detectable in the serum 1 min after injection; in hibernating susliks, in spite of their arousal from hibernation, IFN remained detectable for a longer period in the serum.
(12) Protein synthesis has been observed in brain and liver of susliks during hibernation using specific radioactivity assay and cycloheximide inhibitor analysis.
(13) The comparative study of trophonts morphology showed that the only species of the genus Trichomonas--T. muris inhabits the intestine of mice, rats, field-voles, hamsters and susliks.
(14) In the subsequent years, marmots died out in consequence of the economic activity of man and the habitats of susliks became sporadic and occurred in small foci.
(15) In dynamics of the hibernation (1, 7 and 30 days) either preservation of normothermal level or a certain increase of the homocarnosine content in all areas of the suslik brain under examination is observed.
(16) While studying the suslik fleas in artificial nests planted in free nature, significant changes in the population dynamics of N. setosa, C. simplex and C. orientalis (from the spring build up to the autumnal peak and the decrease of flea number until the next spring) were noted.
(17) According to the season, the environmental temperature, and their physiological state (whether active or in hibernation), spotted susliks produce different amounts of interferon (IFN) in response to intraperitoneal induction with Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
(18) Spotted suslik fibroblast interferon (SuIFN-beta) was given intravenously to animals active in summer and hibernating in winter.
(19) In susliks at a height of 1700-2000 m above sea level the content of glutamate aspartate and GABA lowers significantly as compared to that in susliks at a height of 500-600 m above sea level.
(20) The content of glutamic, asparaginic and gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) acids in norm and under hyperoxia was determined in different cerebral areas of susliks living in places at different heights above sea level.