(v. t.) To sprinkle; to moisten by sprinkling; as, to sparge paper.
Example Sentences:
(1) Reaction of the enzyme with NO2- in the presence of NO increases the amount of N2O product significantly, while trapping the NO product as nitrosylhemoglobin or rapid removal of NO by sparging results in no detectable N2O production.
(2) Fumarate hydratase activity also decreased but alcohol dehydrogenase and the sum of the succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase activities increased when residual O2 was removed from the sparging gas.
(3) Suspensions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus were continuously sparged with nitrogen to remove gaseous products of nitrate reduction.
(4) The potential toxicity of these agents was examined in the absence of sparging (i.e., in spinner flasks) by using the attachment-independent Sf9 insect cell line as a model system.
(5) Furthermore, no physical cell damage caused by bubble sparging was observed.
(6) The use of a fluidized bed prevents biomass buildup, accommodates particulates in the feed stream, is compatible with gas sparging, and allows easy removal or addition of the active materials.
(7) The lag period was shortened in sparged cultures by decreasing both the pO(2) and the pCO(2), indicating that gas medium equilibration had not occurred in shaken cultures.
(8) The method involves growth linked introduction of glucose and ammonia to the culture, sparging with oxygen, and maintenance of aerobic conditions by gradually decreasing the temperature in the culture in order to keep the oxygen demand within the limits of the capacity of supply.
(9) The batch fermentation of suspended C. acetobutylicum NRRL-B-643 and its ability to produce solvents in the presence of membranes as the oxygen-elimination agent are described and compared with the conventional sparging technique used to maintain anaerobiosis.
(10) 1991, following paper in this issue) and the experimental and theoretical work of other researchers, several mechanisms of cell damage as a result of sparging are presented.
(11) The yields varied with sparging rates in agreement with a quantitative model of denitrification (Betlach, M. P., and Tiedje, J.M.
(12) Also a variety of sparging rates and sparger sizes and positions have been employed.
(13) Lungs were perfused for 3 min with oxygen equilibrated buffer, with or without 60 min prior warm anoxia, induced by initial perfusion with argon sparged buffer.
(14) The denitrifier Pseudomonas perfectomarina reduced nitrite under conditions of kinetic competition between cells and gas sparging for extracellular dissolved nitric and nitrous oxides, NOaq and N2Oaq, in a chemically defined marine medium.
(15) With cultures that were continuously sparged with nitrogen gas, glucose was fermented primarily to acetate and butyrate with a fixed stoichiometry.
(16) This was not observed for 2% CO2 immobilized bioreactor as well as shake flask control suspension cultures, which suggests that sparged C. roseus surface-immobilized cell cultures require 2% CO2 supplementation of the gas phase for both maximum growth and retained viability.
(17) Samples are mixed with water and sparged with nitrogen for 1 h with stirring in a water bath at 100 degrees C. The EDB collected on the adsorbent Tenax TA is eluted with hexane and determined by gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detection (ECD) and confirmed with Hall electrolytic conductivity detection (HECD) using a second GC column.
(18) In addition, serum-free medium devoid of cells was partially degraded under continuous air sparging.
(19) The fit of the model to data at lower sparging rates, where normal denitrification products predominate, implies that the extracellular NOaq pool yield is independent of gas sparging rate.
(20) The proposed model is based on a similarity between heat transfer in gas-sparged pneumatic reactors and turbulent natural convection.
Sparse
Definition:
(superl.) Thinly scattered; set or planted here and there; not being dense or close together; as, a sparse population.
(superl.) Placed irregularly and distantly; scattered; -- applied to branches, leaves, peduncles, and the like.
(v. t.) To scatter; to disperse.
Example Sentences:
(1) Homozygotes have sparse greasy fur and lower viability and fertility than normal littermates.
(2) Fifteen days after axotomy of the olfactory nerves, two stained patterns which were numerously or sparsely labelled regions were observed.
(3) The capacity (Bmax) for [3H]ketanserin binding was significantly lower (-21%; p less than 0.05) in sparse fur animals than in control animals; there was no change in affinity (KD).
(4) Sparse cell plating densities were used to minimize cell-cell contact formation and all studies were carried out in chemically defined medium that contained a saturating amount of soluble growth factors.
(5) With this modification one obtains, for sparsely ionizing radiation, a quality factor which is proportional to the dose average of lineal energy, y.
(6) Long term data on thiazide monotherapy are sparse but suggest a persistence of the lipid effect for as long as 6 years of treatment.
(7) If a sparse crowd, shivering in suddenly chill conditions out of step with the warmth Edmonton had enjoyed in previous days, did not exactly help the atmosphere, the action remained intense.
(8) We have investigated alternative ways of showing variations in child health by using different aggregations of Enumeration Districts (ED) in a small, sparsely populated rural area.
(9) The literature on the possible risk of myasthenia gravis complicating pregnancy and delivery is sparse and partly contradictory but some of the reports on the number of perinatal and neonatal deaths are alarming.
(10) Fewer, but still ample numbers, of SP-reactive axons are present also in the ventral tegmental and retrorubral areas of the midbrain tegmentum and in the ventral pallidum of the basal forebrain, but only sparse ME-reactive axons are present in these areas.
(11) Histologically, vascular lesions such as vacuolization, degeneration and desquamation of the endothelium and hyalinization and necrosis of the muscular coat predominated, whereas reparatory reactions were relatively sparse.
(12) Two principal classes of striatum long axonal neurons (sparsely ramified reticular cells and densely ramified dendritic cells) were analyzed quantitatively in four animal species: hedgehog, rabbit, dog and monkey.
(13) Instead the government insists that the sparse legislative agenda reflected a streamlining of government priorities to help it better cope with the downturn.
(14) The situation of high cell density could be mimicked by the addition of glutaraldehyde-fixed cells to sparsely seeded proliferating cells.
(15) Delta opioid labeling was sparse throughout most of the hypothalamus; however, moderate binding densities were detected in the suprachiasmatic and ventromedial nucleus.
(16) Except for sparse labeling in lamina I in some of the cases and some minor differences rostrocaudally, the spinal distribution of labeling was similar to that from the other nerves investigated.
(17) This hypothesis is supported by the observation that the single cell type which continues to express the vimentin-IFAPa-400 combination in the mature heart is the Purkinje fibres, which are also subjected to high mechanical tensions but in which myofibrils are generally sparse compared to working myocytes.
(18) Collateral coronary blood flow was fairly sparse in most cases and in 4 left ventricular dysfunction of varying degree was present.
(19) The technique of long-term, open catheterization of the spinal subarachnoid space for infusion of analgesics in patients with refractory cancer pain is sparsely reported in the literature.
(20) A sparse adrenergic innervation of the detrusor muscle was found.