What's the difference between specula and specular?
Specula
Definition:
(pl. ) of Speculum
Example Sentences:
(1) An adequate assortment of exchangeable retractors, specula and spatulas offers the possibility of a clear view of the operation.
(2) Closer adherence to the 1991 cervical screening recommendations and Health Department guidelines for decontamination of vaginal specula is required for some Auckland general practitioners.
(3) The adaptation of otoscopic specula, a lightweight motor-driven remote flash camera, and movie and video photography to this telescope has resulted in a system that represents a significant advance in the examination of the ear.
(4) Fabricius Hildanus (1560-1634) constructed an aural speculum which was nearly identical to the nasal specula of today.
(5) Two thirds of the practices used metal specula which were adequately disinfected by boiling for at least one hour.
(6) In addition to this description of the prototypes of specula a short development of the facilities to illuminate the inner nose is given starting with the sun light and ending with the glass fiberoptic.
(7) This difference is such that it is difficult to catheterise the bladders of Pietrain gilts since the available specula are either too short in length or too wide in diameter.
(8) One hundred and sixteen general practices in Wellington were surveyed about their use and disinfection of gynaecological specula.
(9) This review is an excursion into the past to find the prototypes of the various nasal specula around the beginning of our century.
(10) Predecessors of the nasal speculum are specula which were in use for the examination of the vagina and the anus.
(11) Routes of infection can also be--besides those already known--saliva, gynaecological (vaginal and rectal) specula and possibly a direct iatrogenic infection.
(12) The prototype of these specula is a tubular speculum as described by the so-called Ayurvedic doctors of ancient Indian medicine (Ayurveda of Suşruta ca.
(13) To assess the frequency of cervical screening; average age of screened women and adequacy of decontamination practices of vaginal specula by Auckland general practitioners.
(14) Aldehyde or halogen disinfectants which are effective against all important sexually-transmitted disease (STD) organisms were used by only 13 of the 42 practices that recycled specula.
(15) Gruber and Rosen aural specula were inserted separately into the right nostril, to determine the degree of exposure of the choana with each.
(16) It was therefore recommended that a method of eyelid retraction which allows adjustment is to be preferred, and that specula which do not allow this, such as the Barraquer speculum, are not to be recommended.
(17) Sixty one practices were using metal vaginal specula and of these 29 were disinfecting by boiling, three were using pressure cookers, 18 dry heat, seven chemical methods, three autoclaves and one the central sterile department of the local hospital.
(18) Of the 46 practices that used plastic specula, only four always disposed of them, as recommended, after use.
(19) The Pneumatonometer of Langham was used to record the effect upon intraocular pressure of a range of eyelid specula, lid sutures, and eyelid clamps.
(20) We compared Apgar-Score (one and five minute value), morbidity on respiratory distress syndrom as well as rate of survival and neonatal mortality in spontaneous delivery with and without episiotomia, with specula delivery, Shute-forceps and vacuum extraction of vertex presentation as well as with breech presentation after vaginal delivery and primary Caesarean section.
Specular
Definition:
(a.) Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a smooth, reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a specular surface.
(a.) Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the aid of a speculum; as, a specular examination.
(a.) Assisting sight, as a lens or the like.
(a.) Affording view.
Example Sentences:
(1) In a prospective study begun in March 1986, specular-microscopic endothelial cell photographs were taken in non-selected patients with primary, chronic, open-angle glaucoma who had not had intraocular surgery.
(2) This structure corresponds in distribution to the skin along the back of the fetus and likely represents a specular reflection from the skin surface.
(3) The effects of osmotic stress on corneal endothelium were investigated by exposing rabbit corneas to anisosmotic conditions, and then perfusing the corneas with isosmotic glutathione bicarbonate Ringer solution for 4 hr at 35 degrees C. During the perfusion, endothelial function was assessed by measuring corneal thickness with a specular microscope.
(4) Specular microscopic examination of the endothelium after the application of iodoacetamide showed progressive degradation of the integrity of the cellular structure; after 6 hr, there were no discernible cell borders.
(5) We developed an apparatus for automated morphometry of the corneal endothelium, which was photographed through a specular microscope connected to a video camera, and the images were stored on a video tape.
(6) Endothelial specular photography during an attack reveals dramatic changes: large black nonreflecting areas between quite normal-looking hexagonal cells.
(7) 1) In polishing the axial surface of the inner crown of the conic telescope crown system, the milling machine with a polishing disk facilitated specular finishing without causing undercutting in the region from the occlusal surface to the dental cervix.
(8) The specular photomicrographic characteristics were similar to those of fibroblast-like cells and foreign-body giant cells, which had been shown on the surfaces of extracted implanted intraocular lenses by the lens implant cytology technique.
(9) Excellent photographs of corneal endothelial cells may be obtained during clinical examinations with the specular microscope.
(10) Specular microscopy and computer-assisted morphometry was used to quantify central and peripheral endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (COV) and the mean and standard deviation of the shape factor (S) over an 18-month period.
(11) We present applications to speckle reduction, detection of specular reflectors, attenuation estimation and ultrasound imaging.
(12) An off-specular peak, located at an angle of reflection considerably different from the angle of incidence, was observed to have an intensity comparable with that of the specular reflection peak.
(13) While some deep corneal opacities are easily diagnosed clinically, the nature of others may be difficult to determine and specular microscopy is a valuable aid in such cases.
(14) This synergistic combination did not alter donor human corneal morphology under specular microscopy, nor did it inhibit rabbit corneal endothelial cell division preserved and propagated in antifungal supplemented MK medium.
(15) In cases with pseudoprecipitates examination of the corneal endothelium with the specular microscope does not reveal any specific findings, only an edema of the corneal endothelium (so-called cornea pseudoguttata).
(16) An original system of grading of the corneal endothelial specular reflection, as assessed with a Haag-Streit 900 slit-lamp biomicroscope, has been shown to have a very highly significant relation to the endothelial cell density measured by contact specular photomicroscopy.
(17) Specular microscopy provides a level of magnification and differentiation of detail which approaches that of a histological examination, and has the advantage of being a noninvasive procedure.
(18) The resins characterized for Black patients had a higher degree of specular reflectance and were more opaque than resins for Caucasians.
(19) Endothelial repair was then studied using specular microscopy, histological staining, pachymetry, and autoradiographic analysis of the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into nuclear DNA.
(20) Observations were made with the aid of several microscopic techniques: light and specular microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy.