(n.) The nostril, or one of the nostrils, of whales, porpoises, and allied animals.
(n.) One of the external openings communicating with the air tubes or tracheae of insects, myriapods, and arachnids. They are variable in number, and are usually situated on the sides of the thorax and abdomen, a pair to a segment. These openings are usually elliptical, and capable of being closed. See Illust. under Coleoptera.
(n.) A tubular orifice communicating with the gill cavity of certain ganoid and all elasmobranch fishes. It is the modified first gill cleft.
(n.) Any small aperture or vent for air or other fluid.
Example Sentences:
(1) The spiracular organ is a tube (skate) or pouch (shark) with a single pore opening into the spiracle.
(2) Therefore the interneurones have reciprocal effects on the antagonistic motoneurones of the spiracles.
(3) The spiracular organ is a lateral line derived receptor associated with the first gill cleft (spiracle).
(4) The LKIR neurons in the abdominal ganglia form efferent axons supplying the lateral cardiac nerves, spiracles, and the segmental perivisceral organs.
(5) During the process of emergence this gas moves into the exuvial space through the adult spiracles and then follows the exuvial fluid into the alimentary canal.
(6) Three Drosophila genes have been identified that are important in controlling the development of the head, two of which, empty spiracles and orthodenticle, have been cloned and shown to contain a homeobox.
(7) The second stage is sensitive to 31 degrees and coincides with the period of black rings formation on anterior spiracles in the 3rd laval instar.
(8) The final model which includes both tympana and spiracles is able to simulate both the hearing directionality and, in part, the frequency selectivity of the system.
(9) The reduced spiracles play little or no role in gill ventilation.
(10) Spiracles of insects open in high carbon dioxide tensions and close in high oxygen tensions.
(11) Rickettsiae-like structures were found in the salivary gland cells of Drosophila auraria during different larval and prepupal developmental stages, from the early 3rd instar up to 14 hr after spiracle inversion.
(12) The closer muscles of the left and the right spiracles of a thoracic segment are both innervated by two motoneurones, which spike in a variety of patterns during expiration.
(13) The closer motoneurones of each thoracic spiracle whose somata are in the pro-, meso- or metathoracic ganglia all receive the same excitatory synaptic inputs.
(14) They influence three aspects of ventilation; (a) the closing and opening movements of the thoracic spiracles, (b) some aspects of abdominal pumping movements and (c) the recruitment of some motoneurones controlling head pumping.
(15) We report here that three previously identified zygotic genes buttonhead (btd), empty spiracles (ems) and orthodenticle (otd) may behave like gap genes that mediate bcd function in the embryonic head.
(16) The dominant oscillator overrides local oscillators in the abdominal ganglia and thus sets the rhythm for the entire abdomen, and it also controls spiracle opening and closing in several thoracic and abdominal segments.
(17) Posterior spiracles of newly hatched first instar larvae of Hypoderma bovis (L.) and H. lineatum (DeVill.)
(18) The empty spiracles (ems) gene of Drosophila melanogaster is necessary for proper head formation and the development of the posterior spiracles.
(19) Despite this, the spiracles of one segment may remain shut while those on other segments continue to open and close rhythmically.
(20) We show that two genes, lines and empty spiracles, act downstream of tailless to repress central and promote terminal cell fates along the anteroposterior axis of the termini.
Tracheae
Definition:
(pl. ) of Trachea
Example Sentences:
(1) Aplasia of the trachea associated with multiple congenital anomalies is described in a stillborn male foetus with single umbilical artery.
(2) This was worsened by the right side compression of trachea end part, due to the abnormal left pulmonary artery as demonstrated by pulmonary angiography.
(3) Tracheal mucus transport rate (TMTR) and quantitative clearance of aerosolized Escherichia coli from the trachea, lung, and air sac were measured in healthy unanesthetized turkeys and in turkeys exposed by aerosol to a La Sota vaccine strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
(4) Defects in the posterior one-half of the trachea, up to 5 rings long, were repaired, with minimal stenosis.
(5) Haemodynamic changes (supraventricular tachycardia, decreases in arterial pressure) were observed during laryngoscopy and intubation of the trachea in a patient receiving nifedipine and verapamil.
(6) General anaesthesia with apneic oxygenation may offer the ENT surgeon increased possibilities of exploration and operation at the level of the larynx and trachea, but owing to its biological consequences, it should be used only with circumspection and its indications should be totally justified, for acts of limited duration.
(7) Replacement of bath Na+ by choline decreased the PD of tracheas by 85% but did not change alveolar PD in the presence or absence of bumetanide.
(8) Compared to related compounds, N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and N-nitrosobis(2-acetoxy-propyl)amine which are also pancreatic carcinogens, BOP induced only a few neoplasms of the lung, liver, and kidney and none in the nasal cavity, larynx, and trachea.
(9) Experiments were conducted in a group of pigs to determine the ontogeny of antigen specific IgA in the trachea.
(10) Although they were born at different periods of the year, the calves in all three groups had similar bacterial loads in their noses and tracheas when they were 1 day old (P greater than 0.05).
(11) In one patient, a minitracheostomy tube perforated the posterior wall of the trachea, resulting in pneumomediastinum.
(12) The trachea and the bronchial tree (first through seventh order branches) both synthesized alpha1(II) chains.
(13) The respiratory functions of the oropharynx, larynx, and trachea of normal human fetuses in utero were explored by means of real-time, two-dimensional ultrasonography combined with color-flow and spectral Doppler analysis.
(14) The blood flow contributions and drainage patterns of the pulmonary and systemic circulations in the upper airways (trachea and main bronchi) were assessed in anesthetized dogs by injecting 15-micron radiolabeled microspheres into the right and left heart, respectively.
(15) There were no differences between boys and girls until age 14, when girls' tracheas stopped growing.
(16) The bronchi were involved more often than the trachea and the foreign body was located more frequently at the right bronchus (38 pt).
(17) In contrast, the cat trachea was unresponsive to histamine and prostaglandin F2alpha and did not exhibit an intrinsic tone.
(18) All four requirements were experimentally verified in calf trachea.
(19) Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the trachea was performed in twenty-one children with congenital or acquired narrowing of the trachea or main bronchi.
(20) Exposure to 5000 ppm SO2 rapidly caused death in all birds with cannulated tracheae and in 4 of 5 birds with an intact respiratory system; one bird in each series of experiments died when exposed to 1000 ppm.