What's the difference between strobilation and tapeworm?
Strobilation
Definition:
(n.) The act or phenomenon of spontaneously dividing transversely, as do certain species of annelids and helminths; transverse fission. See Illust. under Syllidian.
Example Sentences:
(1) The cestode either failed to establish or to grow; if the worms were already strobilate when inflammation developed then destrobilation occurred.
(2) Gene expression and its regulation was studied in the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, during strobilization.
(3) In juvenile worms from rats, the extension of the WGA- and SBA-positive region of the strobilation zone increased in length with the development of the worms.
(4) Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, when treated at intervals of 2-6 days with prednisolone tertiary butyl acetate, sustained infection with adult Echinococcus multilocularis in the small intestine, with the tapeworm exhibiting normal strobilation and egg production as in the natural canid host.
(5) Echinococcus multilocularis survived, strobilated and matured sexually in the small intestine of 6-week-old male golden hamsters that were either non-treated or treated with prednisolone tertiary-butylacetate (PTBA), following oral administration of 20 000 protoscoleces.
(6) It is proposed to estimate coefficient of reproduction intensity as the ratio of egg output per unit of time and maximum egg number in a mature strobile.
(7) There were noted differences in of longitudinal trunks in different species and in the specimens of the same species but from different hosts, the width of the strobile being the same.
(8) On the basis of the degree of development of the genital organs zonation of the worm's strobile has been specified.
(9) Scolex growth rate was linear throughout metacestode and adult development, but growth rate in body length was diphasic, punctuated by change of hosts, associated with strobilization.
(10) Phalaropus lobatus from this water body was also infected (13.7) with this cestode, the infection intensity being from 1 to 15 strobiles in one bird.
(11) The number of eggs in strobiles has been estimated for the maturation period.
(12) In experimentally infected puppies, parasite development was noted as follows: strobilation and initial differentiation of the genital primordia on day 7 postinoculation (p.i.
(13) The presence of the carbohydrates is discussed with respect to the relative resistance of the scolex-strobilation zone of H. diminuta to immune rejection.
(14) The results indicated a post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during strobilization in this parasite.
(15) Binding sites for lectins from Abrus precatorius (APA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Glycine max (SBA) and for wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and succinylated WGA were located on the scolex and strobilation zone.
(16) Scolexes of adult cestodes are innervated with 5 pairs of longitudinal nerve trunks, the number of which in the strobile gradually increases up to 17 pairs in species of Eubothrium and up to 60 pairs (in the wildest parts of the strobile) in species of Diphyllobothrium.
(17) Extracts of the strobilate and cysticercus forms of the same species gave identical results.
(18) Although the tentacles of the polyp and the rhopalia of the medusa are probably homologous, the development of pacemaker activity during strobilation is not a smooth transition from tentacle contraction potentials (TCPs) to marginal ganglion potentials (MGPs).
(19) For strobilization and maturation of H. microstoma in vitro, the presence of some kind of heme protein seems essential.
Tapeworm
Definition:
(n.) Any one of numerous species of cestode worms belonging to Taenia and many allied genera. The body is long, flat, and composed of numerous segments or proglottids varying in shape, those toward the end of the body being much larger and longer than the anterior ones, and containing the fully developed sexual organs. The head is small, destitute of a mouth, but furnished with two or more suckers (which vary greatly in shape in different genera), and sometimes, also, with hooks for adhesion to the walls of the intestines of the animals in which they are parasitic. The larvae (see Cysticercus) live in the flesh of various creatures, and when swallowed by another animal of the right species develop into the mature tapeworm in its intestine. See Illustration in Appendix.
Example Sentences:
(1) The plerocercoid stage of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides produces a functional analog of human growth hormone (hGH).
(2) The drug of choice against all kinds of tapeworms is Niclosamide.
(3) Untreated control dogs did not shed tapeworms of either species during a 3-day period of posttreatment fecal collections, but did have tapeworms at the time of necropsy.
(4) Hymenolepis nana (von Siebold, 1852), the dwarf tapeworm causing hymenolepiasis, has been reported to be the common intestinal cestode of rodents and man throughout the world.
(5) The anthelmintic effects of anti-tapeworm drugs, bithionol, paromomycin sulphate, flubendazole and mebendazole on immature and mature Hymenolepis nana in mice were compared.
(6) Infection in humans or animals by the common tapeworm of dogs and cats (Dipylidium caninum) requires ingestion of the intermediate host, the dog or cat flea containing the larva (cysticercoids) of the agent.
(7) The diphyllobothriid tapeworms are primarily restricted to the northern Canada.
(8) One hundred and seven 4-quinolinehydrazones were synthesized and tested in vivo against the tapeworm Hymenolepis nana.
(9) When the oncosphere of H. nana undergoes differentiation and development into the mature tapeworm, the infected mouse first produces anti-oncosphere antibody, followed by anti-cysticercoid, anti-adult scolex and finally anti-strobila (other than scolex region) antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes as detected by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test.
(10) Factor analysis grouped the variables considered into 5 factors: the first was associated with veterinary assistance; the second with the animal's function and the presence of whipworms, hookworms and tapeworms; the third with cohabitation, origin and presence of coccidia; the fourth with the presence of fresh meat (cooked, raw or frozen) in the diet, age and positivity for ascarids; the fifth with sex and the presence of gastroenteric conditions.
(11) H. citelli was also shown to be expelled simultaneously during the rejection phase of H. diminuta in concurrent infections, indicating the susceptibility of the former tapeworm to the rejection mechanism initiated by the latter.
(12) The cytological structure of the tegument of H. nana corresponds in general to that of other tapeworms.
(13) The development of the tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been observed up to the stage of sexually mature parasites releasing eggs in an experimentally infected definitive host (Cyprinus carpio) at 15-16 degrees C. Juvenile, maturing, adult and gravid tapeworms were found 2-12, 19-24, 36-62, and 78-91 days post infection, respectively.
(14) Antigens of Taenia solium can be demonstrated by ELISA technique in stool samples of tapeworm carriers.
(15) However, immunocytochemically distinct subpopulations of perikarya and regionally defined areas of ectocytoplasm were identified along the tapeworm strobila by the use of monoclonal antibodies raised against a preparation of isolated tegument.
(16) An evaluation of possible predisposing factors provided further evidence of the important role of the tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata in initiating intussusception involving the ileum and caecum.
(17) Eggs of a tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium sp (probably D dendriticum), were detected in feces of a healthy, 5-month-old, Siberian Husky.
(18) These results were similar to other studies with different geographic strains of the T. saginata-like tapeworm in the Far East.
(19) The drug was found to be highly toxic to tapeworms.
(20) Mean villus height, crypt depth and the number of 5-HT-positive enterochromaffin (EC) cells have been examined in two regions of the small intestine (20-30% and 60-70% distance from the pylorus) of male, 6 to 8-week-old, C57 mice following a 5-cysticercoid infection of the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.