(n.) That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.
(n.) The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything; the main part; essential import; purport.
(n.) Body; matter; material of which a thing is made; hence, substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the substance of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have little substance.
(n.) Material possessions; estate; property; resources.
(n.) Same as Hypostasis, 2.
(v. t.) To furnish or endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich.
Example Sentences:
(1) No differences between the two substances were observed with respect to side effects and general tolerability.
(2) Modulation of the voltage-gated K+ conductance in T-lymphocytes by substance P was examined.
(3) During the digestion of these radiolabeled bacteria, murine bone marrow macrophages produced low-molecular-weight substances that coeluted chromatographically with the radioactive cell wall marker.
(4) Intracellular localization of the labeled substance in the tumor tissue was examined autohistoradiographically.
(5) Substances with a leaving group at the C-3 position form unsaturated conjugated cyclic adducts and are mutagenic only in the His D3052 frameshift strains with an intact excision repair system (no urvA mutation).
(6) A substance with a chromatographic mobility of Rf = 0.8 on TLC plates having an intact phosphorylcholine head group was also formed but has not yet been identified.
(7) Serum pepsinogen 1, serum gastrin, ABO blood groups, secretor status of ABH blood group substances and behavioral factors were studied in 15 patients with duodenal ulcer and 61 their relatives affected and unaffected to duodenal ulcer.
(8) Agarose-albumin beads may be useful for removing protein-bound substances from the blood of patients with liver failure, intoxication with protein-bound drugs, or specific metabolic deficits.
(9) Urine tests in six patients with other kidney diseases and with uraemia and in seven healthy persons did not show this substance.
(10) Substance P, a potent vasodilating peptide, seems to be released from trigeminal nerve endings in response to nervous stimulation and is involved in the transmission of painful stimuli within the periphery.
(11) Regulators concerned about physician behavior and confronted by demands of nonphysicians to prescribe controlled substances may find EDT a good solution.
(12) These results are discussed in the light of the mode of action of the substances used.
(13) Most cis AB sera have anti-B activity, essentially at 4 degrees C. In saliva A and H substances are found in normal amounts but B substance is only evidenced by inhibition of autologous cells agglutination.
(14) We have investigated some of the factors which affect the retention times of these substances in reversed-phase HPLC on columns of 5-micron octadecylsilyl silica.
(15) The data indicate that adult neurons with an intrinsic ability to regenerate axons can respond to substances with neurotrophic or neurite-promoting activities in tissue cultures.
(16) The authors describe the role played by these substances in the pathogenesis of inflammations, their importance in the regulation of intraocular pressure and in the development of cystoid macular oedema.
(17) They were more irregularly curved and consisted of various substances.
(18) We examined 10 life areas clustered around the general categories of "substance use," "social functioning," and "emotional and interpersonal functioning."
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The following possible explanations were discussed: a) the tested psychotropic drugs block prostaglandin receptors in the stomach; b) the test substances react with prostaglandin in the nutritive solution; c) the substances stimulate metabolic processes in the stomach wall that break down prostaglandin.
Vehicle
Definition:
(n.) That in or on which any person or thing is, or may be, carried, as a coach, carriage, wagon, cart, car, sleigh, bicycle, etc.; a means of conveyance; specifically, a means of conveyance upon land.
(n.) That which is used as the instrument of conveyance or communication; as, matter is the vehicle of energy.
(n.) A substance in which medicine is taken.
(n.) Any liquid with which a pigment is applied, including whatever gum, wax, or glutinous or adhesive substance is combined with it.
Example Sentences:
(1) They broke in with a battering ram: an armoured vehicle known as a Bearcat.
(2) Six of 7 SAO shock rats treated with U74006F survived for 120 min following reperfusion, while none of 7 SAO shock rats given the vehicle survived for 120 min (P less than .01).
(3) It would be "very easy to manipulate and access one of our vehicles", he said.
(4) A group of rats raised on D-P++ for 4 weeks were fed D-P- for 7 days after which they received 500 pmol of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3; SUPP] or an equal volume of the vehicle (ETH).
(5) Neonatal treatment with a low dose of the estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) had no significant effect on adult estrogen binding within the assayed vaginal compartments; however, this treatment caused a 2-fold increase in the level of cytosolic progestin binding in the vaginal FMW over that in vehicle-treated mice.
(6) Each subject applied a vehicle cream containing 0.075% capsaicin (Axsain, GalenPharma Inc.) to a 4 cm2 area of skin on one volar forearm and vehicle alone to an identical treatment area on the other forearm, according to a double-blind procedure.
(7) Utilizing the bilateral comparison technique in 30 hospitalized patients with chronic stable plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris, we closely monitored the clinical responses to ultraviolet radiation (Westinghouse fluorescent FS40 bulbs, 290--400 nm) and a variety of tar preparations and lubricant vehicles in combination and separately.
(8) Controls were injected in the same manner with vehicle and microspheres.
(9) Sympathetic nervous system function was blocked in developing male SHR by treating pups from days 0 to 14 with: (1) guanethidine, (2) combined alpha- and beta-receptor antagonists (prazosin and timolol), or (3) vehicle (5% sucrose).
(10) The most common seenario was a vehicle-vehicle collision in which seat belts were not used and the decedent or the decedent's driver was at fault.
(11) Thus, the lymphoid population containing cell-mediated anti-idiotypic responsiveness served as a vehicle of resistance.
(12) Well known buyout firms such as Blackstone and Carlyle appear in the leaked documents, and Luxembourg investment vehicles are commonplace in such investment firms.
(13) Future studies will need to carefully evaluate the vehicle used and the strength of topical CsA employed.
(14) The Calspan 3-D Computer Simulator of a Motor Vehicle Crash Victim was used to provide estimates of the head and neck response to be expected for the very specific deceleration profiles simulated.
(15) "There were around 50 attackers, heavily armed in three vehicles, and they were flying the Shebab flag," Maisori added, speaking from the town, where several buildings including hotels, restaurants, banks and government offices were razed to the ground.
(16) Two officers who witnessed the shooting of unarmed 43-year-old Samuel DuBose in Cincinnati will not face criminal charges, despite seemingly corroborating a false claim that DuBose’s vehicle dragged officer Ray Tensing before he was fatally shot.
(17) Vehicle administration had no effect on pulmonary function.
(18) The best was the oral version of the Symbol Digit Modalities test, which by itself accounted for 70% of the variance of the full-sized-vehicle driving score.
(19) II with melatonin instead of 25.9% in the corresponding vehicle controls.
(20) Twenty-four h prior to the measurement of 45Ca2+ uptake, the cells were transferred to serum-free medium ([Ca2+], 1.0 mM) containing 1.0 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 or vehicle.