(1) The forehead flap covers fabricated composite flaps of intravasal lining and primary cartilage grafts that create the subsurface architecture of the external nose.
(2) Completely demineralized root powder was subjected to solutions of varying pH and ionic strength: (a) 0.1 M acetic acid, pH 4.0, (b) 0.1 M acetic acid + 0.15 M KCl, pH 4.0, (c) 0.1 M Hepes, pH 7.0 or to (d) 0.1 M Hepes + 0.15 M KCl, pH 7.0 at 37 degrees C. The surfaces of intact root specimens were exposed to 0.1 M acetic acid, pH 4.0 (which resulted in erosive lesions) or to 0.1 M lactic acid, 0.2 mM methane hydroxy diphosphonate, pH 5.0 (which produced subsurface lesions) at 37 degrees C. After incubation, the extracts were analysed for soluble collagen and the insoluble matrices were treated with trypsin at 15 degrees C to determine the denatured collagen.
(3) It is important to remember that the behavior of contaminants in the subsurface is influenced by chemical and hydrologic parameters as well as biotic considerations, and that a wholistic understanding of these processes will be required for successful ground-water quality management.
(4) Of major significance in assessing the environmental risk impact of GEMs is an understanding of their survival and transport in soil and subsurface environments.
(5) When a subsurface barrier fails, the leachate enters the groundwater in a concentrated, narrow band which may bypass monitoring wells.
(6) Two clinically distinct lesions have been described in dental enamel: the erosion lesion, characterized by a dissolution of enamel from the surface; and the caries lesion, in which the enamel surface layer, accumulating fluoride, remains relatively intact, while the subsurface enamel dissolves.
(7) This indicates that these solutes have access to the silica subsurface amines during chromatography.
(8) The first specialization that we observed was the subsurface cistern, which appeared at five days and showed a significant increase both in frequency and in length throughout development.
(9) A brief increase in the ascorbic acid concentration in the rat cerebral cortex after intraventricular bilateral injection of 20 microliters of a 0.1% or 1% ascorbic acid solution and also intracisternal injection of 20 microliters of a 0.5% solution results in a prolonged (not less than 21 days) ultrastructural reorganization in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cortical neurons: the amount of lysosomes, polysomes, vesicles of the Golgi complex, and subsurface cisterns increases, this demonstrating an increasing RNA and protein synthesis, catabolic processes, and neuronal-glial interaction.
(10) The decrease at 32 days coincided with the loss of many subsurface cisterns, and dispersion of Nissl substance, all suggestive of chromatolysis.
(11) They may be anchored to the isolated cortex through associations with the plasma membrane and with an extensive subsurface network of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER).
(12) The exposed subsurface layer showed a fibrillar structure.
(13) Although the presence and activity of microorganisms in most subsurface environments are predictable, only recently have subsurface microbial populations in shallow subsurface zones been characterized.
(14) The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that a degraded subsurface layer containing microcracks is produced in dental composites as a result of finishing procedures.
(15) Microorganisms are the predominant forms of life in the subsurface.
(16) The CSF-contacting neurons of all types are usually supplied with axo-somatic synapses on the perikaryon and subsurface cisternae are sometimes observed beneath the postsynaptic membrane.
(17) This material is always placed between the plasma membrane and the first layer of subsurface cisterns, but only in those areas along the lateral surface of the outer hair cell lining the spaces of Nuel.
(18) The Sn-release probably mainly originated from surface corrosion and Cu-release from subsurface corrosion.
(19) Over the past two decades, a number of models have been developed to describe the multiphase migration of organic chemicals in the subsurface.
(20) One of these proteins is associated with the virus "core"; the other is found in the "coat" fraction of the virion and appears to occupy an intermediary, subsurface position.
Surface
Definition:
(n.) The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.
(n.) Hence, outward or external appearance.
(n.) A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
(n.) That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
(v. t.) To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
(v. t.) To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
Example Sentences:
(1) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
(2) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Using monoclonal antibodies directed against the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we demonstrated previously that a glycoprotein with an Mr = 23,000 (gp23) had a non-polarized cell surface distribution and was observed on both the apical and basolateral membranes (Ojakian, G. K., Romain, R. E., and Herz, R. E. (1987) Am.
(5) In the surface epithelial cells, the basolateral cell surface showed moderate enzymatic activity.
(6) Such an increase in antibody binding occurred simultaneously with an increase in the fluidity of surface lipid regions, as monitored by fluorescence depolarization of 1-(trimethylammoniophenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene.
(7) The role of Ca2+ in cell agglutination may be either to activate the cell-surface dextran receptor or to form specific intercellular Ca2+ bridges.
(8) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(9) Even with hepatic lipase, phospholipid hydrolysis could not deplete VLDL and IDL of sufficient phospholipid molecules to account for the loss of surface phospholipid that accompanies triacylglycerol hydrolysis and decreasing core volume as LDL is formed (or for conversion of HDL2 to HDL3).
(10) A total of 555 caries lesions were registered on proximal surfaces, 49.1% being primary lesions in the enamel, 21.4% primary lesions into the dentin and 29.5% secondary lesions.
(11) Contact angles of Silafocon A and PMMA were relatively uninfluenced by front surface radii between 7.7 and 8.85 and 7.3 to 8.8 mm, respectively.
(12) These cells contained organelles characteristic of the maturation stage ameloblast and often extended to the enamel surface, suggesting a possible origin from the ameloblast layer.
(13) Together these observations suggest that cytotactin is an endogenous cell surface modulatory protein and provide a possible mechanism whereby cytotactin may contribute to pattern formation during development, regeneration, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.
(14) Our Ph1-positive ALL revealed B-cell lineage leukemia, since their surface phenotype were Ia+ and CD10+ and they have rearranged immunoglobulin JH genes.
(15) The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for a cell surface protein antigen (SpaA) of Streptococcus sobrinus MT3791 (serotype g) was determined.
(16) To investigate the mechanism of enhanced responsiveness of cholesterol-enriched human platelets, we compared stimulation by surface-membrane-receptor (thrombin) and post-receptor (AlF4-) G-protein-directed pathways.
(17) Lysis of EAC4b,3b cellular intermediates formed to contain a low surface amount of C3b was more inhibited than was lysis of cells formed with a standard amount of C3b on the surface.
(18) After either 5 or 10 days of culture with both cytokines, intense immunofluorescent staining for Ia could be identified on the surface of greater than 80-90% of the viable islet cells.
(19) Within the capillary-perfused mucosa and muscularis (between 50 and 2000 microns from the urothelial surface), concentrations decreased by 50% for each 500-microns distance.
(20) Displacement of the surface of the cornea of bovine eyes after disruption of intact structures was investigated by means of holographic interferometry.