(n.) A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note below.
(n.) By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.
(n.) Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words.
(v. i.) In making maple sugar, to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize; to approach or reach the state of granulation; -- with the preposition off.
(v. t.) To impregnate, season, cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar with.
(v. t.) To cover with soft words; to disguise by flattery; to compliment; to sweeten; as, to sugar reproof.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results demonstrate that increased availability of galactose, a high-affinity substrate for the enzyme, leads to increased aldose reductase messenger RNA, which suggests a role for aldose reductase in sugar metabolism in the lens.
(2) In addition to the changes associated with blood group A, we also found a decrease in sugar content, alterations in other antigens, and changes in the levels of several glycosyltransferases in cancerous tissues.
(3) Their contour lengths varied from 0.28 to 51 micron, but unlike in the case of maize, a large difference was not observed in the distribution of molecular classes greater than 1.0 micron between N and S cytoplasms of sugar beet.
(4) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
(5) TK1 showed the most restricted substrate specificity but tolerated 3'-modifications of the sugar ring and some 5-substitutions of the pyrimidine ring.
(6) 500-MHz H-NMR spectroscopy of the oligosaccharides derived from gamma-seminoprotein, a human seminal plasma glycoprotein, revealed considerable microheterogeneity both with respect to the degree of branching and with regard to the peripheral sugars.
(7) The percentage of energy from fat and added sugars and the amount of sodium and fibre in the diet tended to increase with energy intake.
(8) D-Mannitol has not so far been known as a major product of sugar metabolism by yeasts.
(9) The concentration dependences of response of frog tongue to D-fructose, D-glucose, and sucrose were almost the same, D-galactose, however, elicited a much larger response in comparison with the other sugars in the whole range of concentrations examined.
(10) A brevibacterium, strain TH-4, previously isolated by aerobic enrichment on the monocyclic monoterpenoid cis-terpin hydrate as a sole carbon and energy source, was found to grow on alpha-terpineol and on a number of common sugars and organic acids.
(11) These results provide no support for the claims that aprotinin prevents the activation of sugar transport in muscle by contractile activity or that bradykinin is the muscle activity hypoglycemia factor.
(12) Increased erythrocyte levels of the pyrimidine-sugar UDP-glucose were also found in patients with the highest orotidine levels.
(13) Each of the three A toxins consists of a single basic polypeptide chain of 93 to 99 residues, cross-linked by three or four disulfide bonds, lacking reducing sugar and cysteinyl residues.
(14) Well-refined x-ray structures of the liganded forms of the wild-type and a mutant protein isolated from a strain defective in chemotaxis but fully competent in transport have provided a molecular view of the sugar-binding site and of a site for interacting with the Trg transmembrane signal transducer.
(15) Two newly discovered enzymes have the capacity to metabolize these sugars but are not essential for their catabolism in wild-type cells.
(16) Often, flavorings such as chocolate and strawberry and sugars are added to low-fat and skim milk to make up for the loss of taste when the fat is removed.
(17) All components studied, namely amino-sugars, hexoses and neuraminic acid increased with age in men.
(18) The presence of serum in the phagocytosis assay did not affect either phagocytosis of Phz-treated RBCs or inhibition by sugars.
(19) In addition, 5-imino-derivatives of daunorubicin modified at sugar moiety were less effective in stimulating NADH oxidation and oxygen radical production than 5-iminodaunorubicin itself.
(20) Photobinding of 8-methoxypsoralen to 2'-deoxyadenosine also occurs, with covalent bond formation between carbon 3 or 4 of the pyrone ring and the sugar moiety of the nucleoside.
Sugarless
Definition:
(a.) Without sugar; free from sugar.
Example Sentences:
(1) In a second set of test sessions, volunteers chewed sugarless gum for 10 minutes, starting 15 minutes after they ate the snack food.
(2) When sucking sugarless lozenges the recorded pH values were between 5.8 and 7.0.
(3) Smokers who had abstained for at least 12 h were studied in a fully crossrandomized experimental design that contrasted nicotine gum (before or after drinking) versus sugarless gum, and alcohol versus a no-alcohol comparison condition.
(4) Because of the rapid reaction of the plaque to sucrose flavoured gum, so-called sugarless substitutes were recommended for those who insist on chewing.
(5) In view of the considerable sales success of sugarless confections, accounting for over an estimated 30,000,000 lbs.
(6) Commonly used humectants include sorbitol, a sugar alcohol of the hexitol type, which is used often in sugarless candies.
(7) The results show that chewing a flavored sugarless gum significantly increases salivary flow rates in individuals with dry mouth.
(8) To alleviate some of the complications due to salivary dysfunction in those patients who respond to stimuli, pharmacologic sialagogues as well as sialagogues that include sugarless gums, mints and candies are prescribed in order to increase salivary flow.
(9) Chewing sugarless gum also reduces the risk of carious attack secondary to dry mouth by neutralizing acid production in plaque.
(10) Trident The sugarless gum is the number one chewing gum brand in the world.
(11) Lowest pH values during and after chewing sugarless gums varied between pH 6.0 and 7.3.
(12) There were negative correlations between DMFT increments and the frequency of apples, fruit juice, and sugarless gum intake, and a positive association of DMFT increments with chocolate candy intake and spending money.
(13) In addition to short-term beneficial effects of sugarless gum, these long-term effects indicate the possibility of a beneficial effect in caries prevention.
(14) The evidence suggests not so much that sugar substitutes may have stopped the growth in sucrose usage, but that new product categories such as diet foods and "sugarless' confections may have been created.
(15) She claims to be "feeling fine, really no different" – but all the 55-year-old maths professor and soon to be grandmother has consumed since 6 November is sugarless tea and rehydration salts intended for infants.
(16) To study lateral bolus placement during mastication, referred to as masticatory lateral preference, fifteen males and ten females chewed sugarless gum for 15, 20 and 25 s, and visual inspections were done of either right or left side bolus placements.
(17) In contrast to lozenges, the consumption of sugarless chewing gums becomes particularly important due to their greater stimulation of saliva and buffering capacity of oral fluid.
(18) Approximately half of the subjects were then given sugarless gum to be chewed (four pieces per day) over the experimental period; controls refrained from vigorous mastication.
(19) The effect of increased mastication on plaque metabolism and salivary gland function was determined in 11 human subjects who chewed a sugarless gum for ten minutes of each waking hour for two weeks.
(20) Experiences of 7 years with sugarless chewing gums and lozenges (tab.