What's the difference between sulphine and sulphite?
Sulphine
Definition:
(n.) Any one of a series of basic compounds which consist essentially of sulphur united with hydrocarbon radicals. In general they are oily or crystalline deliquescent substances having a peculiar odor; as, trimethyl sulphine, (CH3)3S.OH. Cf. Sulphonium.
Example Sentences:
(1) In contrast, in the majority of neurones, responses to glutamate, aspartate, cysteate and cysteine sulphinate demonstrated a conventional voltage relation, were associated with a decrease in membrane resistance, evoked no slow spikes, were insensitive to extracellular Mg2+ concentrations between 1 and near 0 mM and could be evoked with small currents of amino acids when the electrophoretic pipette was greater than 100 micron from the cell soma.
(2) The binding constants, quentum yield and temperature dependence of the fluorescence of ionic (1-anilinonaphtalin-8-sulphinate) and neutral (N-phenyl-1-naphtylamine) probes were studied on the molecules of bovine serum albumine with the change of pH and solution ionic strength.
(3) Endogenous amino acids known to activate NMDA receptors (L-glutamate, L-aspartate, L-cysteine sulphinate and quinolinate) as well as exogenous NMDA agonists such as ibotenate and trans-2,3-piperidine dicarboxylate (trans-PDA) all produced similar responses.
(4) The progress of the reaction is described and the activities of related sulphinic acids were determined.
(5) An oxidative pathway for cysteine catabolism in H. diminuta was shown by the presence of cysteine dioxygenase and cysteine sulphinate transaminase.
(6) The recombinant enzyme and the authentic AspATSs are indistinguishable: in fact, they have the same molecular weight, estimated by means of SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, the same Km values for 2-oxo-glutarate and cysteine sulphinate and the same UV-visible spectra.
(7) Depletion of GSH by NDPO2 is accompanied by the formation of its disulphide, sulphinate, sulphonate, sulphoxide and other products.
(8) The effects of the sulphur containing amino acids, homocysteic acid, homocysteine sulphinic acid, cysteic acid and cysteine sulphinic acid on the release of [3H]-acetylcholine ([3H]-ACh) from the cholinergic amacrine cells of the rabbit retina were examined.
(9) The transport kinetics of the excitatory sulphur-containing amino acid (SAA) transmitter candidates, L-cysteine sulphinate (L-CSA), L-cysteate (L-CA), L-homocysteine sulphinate (L-HCSA), and L-homocysteate (L-HCA), together with their plasma membrane carrier specificity, was studied in cerebrocortical synaptosome fractions by a sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic assay.
(10) Methanesulphenic acid is proposed to be the group displaced by GSH from methyl sulphoxides forming methyl mercaptan, methyl glutathionyl disulphide and methane-sulphinic acid in vitro.
(11) Methane sulphinic acid was quantified by use of a simple colorimetric assay and used to determine the amounts of HO.
(12) Except for homocysteine sulphinic acid these actions occurred at concentrations that did not affect the erg b-wave amplitude, indicating a site of action at the inner retina.
(13) These results suggest that aspartate, glycine, homocysteic acid, and cysteine sulphinic acid play a role in synaptic transmission in the Schaffer collateral-commissural fibres, and that cysteine sulphinic acid and homocysteic acid may be released specifically by high-frequency stimulation.
(14) In general, inhibition: (i) was markedly stereospecific in favor of the L-enantiomers (except for cysteine sulphinate) and (ii) was found to decrease with increasing chain length.
(15) Also by automated ion-exchange chromatography seleninic derivatives are well separated from the analogous sulphinic compounds, while selenonic compounds are eluted together with the corresponding sulphonic compounds.
(16) Of the four extraction media examined, TCA in combination with ether extraction was shown to be the most potent oxidative treatment and resulted in 23% oxidation of original cysteine or homocysteine to sulphinic and sulphonic acids.
(17) Four minutes of continuous 50 Hz stimulation produced a tetrodotoxin-sensitive release of aspartate and glycine in the second minute of stimulation, as well as a tetrodotoxin-sensitive release of cysteine sulphinic acid, during stimulation and of homocysteic acid, following stimulation.
(18) The neuroactive sulphur-containing amino acids L-cysteate (CA), L-cysteine sulphinate (CSA), L-homocysteine sulphinate (HSA), S-sulpho-L-cysteine (SC) and L-homocysteate (HCA) evoked the release of previously accumulated D-[3H]aspartate from rat brain cerebrocortical and cerebellar synaptosome fractions in a manner that was wholly Ca2+-independent.
(19) Metabolically formed nitrosoarenes react with sulphydryl groups of haemoglobin and, after intramolecular rearrangement, yield sulphinic acid amides.
(20) 3) In contrast the cysteic and cysteine sulphinate decarboxylase activities decrease with age in kidney, lung and spleen.
Sulphite
Definition:
(n.) A salt of sulphurous acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) The reactivity of the three disulphide bridges of insulin towards sodium sulphite was studied by amperometric titration of the liberated thiol groups.
(2) Sulphite bleached the flavin of cellobiose oxidase, but gave no reaction with the 31 kDa haem protein, suggesting an absence of flavin.
(3) The oxidation of vitamin B1 to thiochrome is stopped by the addition of sodium sulphite.
(4) Xanthine oxidase deficiency was demonstrated in a jejunal biopsy specimen, whereas the excretion of sulphur containing substances was considered to be characteristic of sulphite oxidase deficiency.
(5) The theoretical potential of a solution of 1 M S2O2-4 and 2 M (bi)sulphite at pH 7 was calculated to be -0.386V.
(6) The passive net transport of Li+ and Na+ across the human red cell membrane was accelerated by the divalent anions carbonate, sulphite, oxalate, phosphite and malonate.
(7) Examination of the plasma showed that S-sulphonates were present in both pre- and post-hepatic blood, whereas free sulphite was detectable in the portal blood only.
(8) In rat liver most of the sulphite oxidase was present in the nuclear fraction and only a small portion in the microsomes.
(9) Different bacterial cell fractions of Thiobacillus neapolitanus were examined in order to localize the active sites for thiosulphate and sulphite oxidation.
(10) Mercaptoethanol is effective in both restoring enzyme activity and removing bound sulphite from protein.
(11) The classification scheme used is based upon the fact that determination of the sulphite content of a food is influenced more by the treatment and cleanup of the test solution than by the final determinative step.
(12) It is probably this multiplicity of biochemical and genetic mechanisms that accounts for the frequency with which the production of sulphite is observed in wild strains in nature.
(13) The equilibria were established either by treating the oxidized electron carriers with dithionite, or by treating flavodoxin hydroquinone or methyl viologen semiquinone with (bi)sulphite.
(14) The low-molecular-weight acceptor is tightly bound to enzyme B of the yeast system and, apparently, accepts the sulpho group of adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-sulphatophosphate and is released as bound sulphite only in the presence of enzymically or chemically reduced fraction C. It is proposed that the low-molecular-weight acceptor is a carrier peptide which, after release of the reduced sulphur, becomes re-oxidized and returns to enzyme B.
(15) No difference between resistant and sensitive strains with respect to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase sensitivity to sulphite, or to intracellular glutathione content, were revealed.
(16) Sulphite was more effective than the four used thiols and enhanced the activity against serum albumin up to 3.2 times and against keratin up to 2.9 times.
(17) The glycolysis of lactoperoxidasesensitive streptococci suspended in glucose solution was not inhibited by sulphite, cyanate, cyanide or the ;235 compound' but was inhibited by sulphur dicyanide.
(18) A new colorimetric method for the determination of sulphite based on its reaction with Ellman's reagent, 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) is described and compared for sensitivity with the p-rosaniline-HCHO method.
(19) Satisfactory recoveries were obtained only with mA agar (Rippey & Cabelli) and dextrin-fuchsin-sulphite agar (Schubert), but neither was sufficiently selective.
(20) It is suggested that the resistance of these mutants to azide is due to an increased activity of NADPH-sulphite reductase.