(n.) The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.
(n.) Hence, outward or external appearance.
(n.) A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
(n.) That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
(v. t.) To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
(v. t.) To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
Example Sentences:
(1) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
(2) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Using monoclonal antibodies directed against the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we demonstrated previously that a glycoprotein with an Mr = 23,000 (gp23) had a non-polarized cell surface distribution and was observed on both the apical and basolateral membranes (Ojakian, G. K., Romain, R. E., and Herz, R. E. (1987) Am.
(5) In the surface epithelial cells, the basolateral cell surface showed moderate enzymatic activity.
(6) Such an increase in antibody binding occurred simultaneously with an increase in the fluidity of surface lipid regions, as monitored by fluorescence depolarization of 1-(trimethylammoniophenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene.
(7) The role of Ca2+ in cell agglutination may be either to activate the cell-surface dextran receptor or to form specific intercellular Ca2+ bridges.
(8) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(9) Even with hepatic lipase, phospholipid hydrolysis could not deplete VLDL and IDL of sufficient phospholipid molecules to account for the loss of surface phospholipid that accompanies triacylglycerol hydrolysis and decreasing core volume as LDL is formed (or for conversion of HDL2 to HDL3).
(10) A total of 555 caries lesions were registered on proximal surfaces, 49.1% being primary lesions in the enamel, 21.4% primary lesions into the dentin and 29.5% secondary lesions.
(11) Contact angles of Silafocon A and PMMA were relatively uninfluenced by front surface radii between 7.7 and 8.85 and 7.3 to 8.8 mm, respectively.
(12) These cells contained organelles characteristic of the maturation stage ameloblast and often extended to the enamel surface, suggesting a possible origin from the ameloblast layer.
(13) Together these observations suggest that cytotactin is an endogenous cell surface modulatory protein and provide a possible mechanism whereby cytotactin may contribute to pattern formation during development, regeneration, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.
(14) Our Ph1-positive ALL revealed B-cell lineage leukemia, since their surface phenotype were Ia+ and CD10+ and they have rearranged immunoglobulin JH genes.
(15) The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for a cell surface protein antigen (SpaA) of Streptococcus sobrinus MT3791 (serotype g) was determined.
(16) To investigate the mechanism of enhanced responsiveness of cholesterol-enriched human platelets, we compared stimulation by surface-membrane-receptor (thrombin) and post-receptor (AlF4-) G-protein-directed pathways.
(17) Lysis of EAC4b,3b cellular intermediates formed to contain a low surface amount of C3b was more inhibited than was lysis of cells formed with a standard amount of C3b on the surface.
(18) After either 5 or 10 days of culture with both cytokines, intense immunofluorescent staining for Ia could be identified on the surface of greater than 80-90% of the viable islet cells.
(19) Within the capillary-perfused mucosa and muscularis (between 50 and 2000 microns from the urothelial surface), concentrations decreased by 50% for each 500-microns distance.
(20) Displacement of the surface of the cornea of bovine eyes after disruption of intact structures was investigated by means of holographic interferometry.
Wrinkle
Definition:
(n.) A winkle.
(n.) A small ridge, prominence, or furrow formed by the shrinking or contraction of any smooth substance; a corrugation; a crease; a slight fold; as, wrinkle in the skin; a wrinkle in cloth.
(n.) hence, any roughness; unevenness.
(n.) A notion or fancy; a whim; as, to have a new wrinkle.
(v. t.) To contract into furrows and prominences; to make a wrinkle or wrinkles in; to corrugate; as, wrinkle the skin or the brow.
(v. t.) Hence, to make rough or uneven in any way.
(v. i.) To shrink into furrows and ridges.
Example Sentences:
(1) Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that these blebs were devoid of organelles and microvilli; scanning electron microscopy revealed that the blebs were highly wrinkled and more numerous than were the projections observed in tissue from animals treated with testosterone alone, or in tissue from unoperated controls.
(2) However, patients can be taught how to retard the onset of wrinkles by avoiding unprotected sun exposure, unnecessary facial movements, and certain sleeping positions.
(3) Besides the rough, wrinkled, and brown or black surface of the fingertips, microwrinkles of the epidermis occur on the skin ridges, which have so far not been described.
(4) In fact, in some patients the lower-lid wrinkling appears far worse after fat removal.
(5) Substratum wrinkling was indicative of tension development and quantitated as percent of cells contracted.
(6) SMC also displayed several structurally detectable interactions with the fibrin substratum, such as organization of the gel by means of extension of numerous filamentous processes and contraction and wrinkling of the gel.
(7) A recipient cornea gradually developed wrinkling and opacification in Bowman's layer following an uneventful myopic epikeratoplasty.
(8) "But then a customer pointed out that our carpet was smoking and a chair was beginning to wrinkle in the heat, caused by the concentrated sun coming through the window."
(9) More than once, she replies to a question by wrinkling her nose and saying: “It’s all in the book.” Tempest can’t quite see why the breadth of her output – songs, poems, plays, a novel – is notable, because it’s all about writing and performance.
(10) Some intercalated sheaths had a wrinkled irregular configuration and some lacked a light-microscopically distinct myelin layer.
(11) Adhesions to the Gore-SM occurred at wrinkles in or at the edges of the membrane.
(12) During the course of the irradiation the animals develop permanent wrinkles on the exposed dorsal surface, which can be recorded in plastic impressions.
(13) The deflecting wrinkle is a well-known character state of the lower m2 and M1 of the human dentition, but there is little information regarding its presence in great apes.
(14) An algorithm is used to transform the number of wrinkles, recorded just before and 2.5 and 6 hr after the injection, into the intensity of the oedematous reaction.
(15) Fine wrinkling, coarse wrinkling, sallowness, looseness, and hyperpigmentation were significantly improved with tretinoin therapy.
(16) Kaeng Khoi virus was recovered from bedbugs (Stricticimex parvus and Cimex insuetus) and from suckling wrinkle-lipped bats (Tadarida plicata) collected in central Thailand.
(17) Hacked Off, which campaigns on behalf of victims of press intrusion for tighter press regulation, said this would help the government smooth out the wrinkles in the relevant clause added to the crime and courts bill, which attempts to define which publishers should be in or outside the regulator's remit.
(18) The percentage of cells showing a decrease of wrinkles was significantly higher (P less than 0.05 at 5 min and P less than 0.001 at 10 min) during the ANP-treated period than during the control period.
(19) Most dogs give a series of increasingly serious warning signs before they lose their tempers: lick their lips, blink, turn their heads away, curl their lip, lower their ears, wrinkle their foreheads, and if the dog that's annoying them doesn't get the message, they may growl or bare their teeth, and if that's still not enough it will be head and chest forward, muscles flexed, and bang, you've had it.
(20) Other specimens showed wrinkling of the outer layer that was seen later to peel off.