(a.) Produced by sympathy; -- applied particularly to symptoms or affections. See Sympathy.
(a.) Of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system or some of its branches; produced by stimulation on the sympathetic nervious system or some part of it; as, the sympathetic saliva, a modified form of saliva, produced from some of the salivary glands by stimulation of a sympathetic nerve fiber.
Example Sentences:
(1) In dogs, cibenzoline given i.v., had no effects on the slow response systems, probably because of sympathetic nervous system intervention since the class 4 effects of cibenzoline appeared after beta-adrenoceptor blockade.
(2) Plasma NPY correlated better with plasma norepinephrine than with epinephrine, indicating its origin from sympathetic nerve terminals.
(3) They are best explained by interactions between central sympathetic activity, brainstem control of respiration and vasomotor activity, reflexes arising from around and within the respiratory tract, and the matching of ventilation to perfusion in the lungs.
(4) Noradrenaline (NA) was released from sympathetic nerve endings in the tissue by electrical stimulation of the mesenteric nerves or by the indirect sympathomimetic agent tyramine.
(5) Following injections of HRP into the apex of the heart, the sinoatrial (SA) nodal region and the ventral wall of the right ventricle, we observed that HRP-labeled sympathetic neurons were localized predominantly in the right stellate ganglia, and to a lesser extent, in the right superior and middle cervical ganglia, and left stellate ganglia.
(6) Chick sympathetic nerve fibers densely innervate expansor secundariorum muscle, but not skeletal muscle.
(7) Assays of isolated single sympathetic neurones show that their transmitter functions can be either adrenergic or cholinergic depending on growth conditions.
(8) The increased sympathetic nervous activity during exercise appears to be a toxic rather than a compensatory effect of alcohol.
(9) It is suggested that contractile responses to electrical stimulation in isolated sheep urethral smooth muscle are mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, mainly through release of noradrenaline stimulating postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
(10) The distinguishing feature of this study is the simultaneous measurement of sympathetic firing and norepinephrine spillover in the same organ, the kidney, under conditions of intact sympathetic impulse traffic.
(11) The marine natural product lophotoxin has produced a non-reversible antagonism of parasympathetic and sympathetic functions that are known to be mediated by C6 sub-type nicotinic receptors.
(12) The distribution and ultrastructure of lipopigments in the rat sympathetic, vagus and spinal ganglion neurons were studied in vivo and in vitro using fluorescence and electron microscopy.
(13) In 27 decerebrate cats under various experimental conditions, we studied the effects of programmed premature ventricular contractions on the impulse activity of preganglionic sympathetic fibres isolated from the third left thoracic ramus.
(14) Sympathetic nervous system function was blocked in developing male SHR by treating pups from days 0 to 14 with: (1) guanethidine, (2) combined alpha- and beta-receptor antagonists (prazosin and timolol), or (3) vehicle (5% sucrose).
(15) These results show the existence of a depressor response and decreases in HR and RNA in the rabbit mediated by the action of BK on cardiac sympathetic afferents.
(16) Finally, fosinopril had no effect on the pressor or chronotropic effects of norepinephrine (NE) or 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperinium (DMPP) or electrical stimulation of the sympathetic ganglia of pithed rats.
(17) Sympathetic nerve stimulation may cause a rise in IASP by its action directly at the IAS smooth muscle partially through release of NPY.
(18) In anesthetized cats, the enhancement of sympathetic activity and increase of the blood pressure in exclusion of afferents (section of vagosympathetic trunks and clamping of common carotid arteries) as well as the disappearance of the activity in enhanced afferentation, were shown to be transient and to disappear within a few minutes-scores of minutes in spite of the going on deafferentation or enhancement of afferentation.
(19) Stimulus-response characteristics suggested that this system was well suited for a role in tonic inhibition of sympathetic activity.
(20) This increase is presumably the result of radiation induced release of their parent amines from the brain; in the case of VMA the secondary response of the peripheral sympathetic system might occur.
Unwelcoming
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) NGOs and even the Red Crescent are unwelcome: peacekeepers are rebuffed, hospitals doomed to failure.
(2) At least two social science collaborations with Dutch universities have been told UK partners are unwelcome, one Russell Group university said in the survey.
(3) "This is an unwelcome judgment, but for reasons that are specific to the sector, I think the practical ramifications will be limited," said Alex Denoon at Lawford Davies Denoon, a London-based law firm that specialises in stem cell regulation.
(4) Again, this doesn't get nearly the attention the headline number does but declines in this category are also most unwelcome.
(5) The economy may be getting back on track , unemployment falling and tourist numbers hitting record levels , but the country is now facing the real and unwelcome prospect of yet another general election – on 25 December.
(6) As long as many women still find gyms – and particularly weights areas – unwelcoming, male-dominated spaces, it will prove difficult to tackle such misconceptions.
(7) It’s best not to think at what junctures his advice to “choose a partner, trust your instincts; the next generation will be your legacy” might unexpectedly and unwelcomely spring to mind, but I hope he looks away if there are happy hour shots involved.
(8) The prospect of more rain in the next few weeks will be particularly unwelcome to the thousands of holidaymakers expected to stay in Britain.
(9) But he seemed once again to implicate all Muslims as suspect when he warned, "The sooner the extremists are isolated and unwelcome in Muslim communities, the sooner we will all be safer."
(10) The children at this secondary school will now need to settle in alternative schools, which is an unwelcome disruption to their education.
(11) Sexual harassment and "lad culture" are rife on university campuses, with more than a third of women reporting that they have suffered unwelcome advances in the form of inappropriate groping and touching, research shows.
(12) Although an unwelcome milestone for Athens, it came as no surprise to investors after weeks of stop-start talks, and the euro faded only a little, to $1.1136.
(13) These thoughts are not new – I expect them – but each time they feel painfully new and unwelcome.
(14) The battle for Allergan started to heat up just as AstraZeneca managed to fend off an unwelcome bid from New York-based Viagra maker Pfizer , which walked away on Monday – but could return in six months' time.
(15) That is particularly unwelcome in China, already concerned about inflation.
(16) "Hammami brought a lot of unwelcome outside scrutiny on Shabaab from the international jihadist community.
(17) Inducing a resignation from Goldsmith would be unwelcome, given the slim majority – even if any green concerns Cameron once had appear to be forgotten as a youthful enthusiasm, like a nicer Bullingdon.
(18) Some see a confident, charismatic comedy talent and a welcome point of difference in a bland – and white – late-night landscape, while others see him as an unwelcome reformist who has defaced the Daily Show that Stewart built.
(19) "This unwelcome phenomenon occurred in a number of OECD countries in past recessions when unemployment remained at a new higher plateau compared with the pre-crisis level even after output returned to potential, and it took many years, if ever, to bring it down again to the pre-crisis level," it added.
(20) Clive Efford, the local Labour MP, who was on the streets on Tuesday evening, said EDL activists, who he said were outsiders, were "very unwelcome" in the area.