What's the difference between tautological and valid?

Tautological


Definition:

  • (a.) Involving tautology; having the same signification; as, tautological expression.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Two studies are reported in which subjects rated the acceptability of different tautological constructions either alone (Experiment 1) or with supporting contextual information (Experiment 2).
  • (2) Barton rubs Old Firm up the wrong way Joey Barton apologises ‘unreservedly’ after being sent home by Rangers Read more The phrase “Joey Barton Twitter storm” is pretty much a tautology, so it was no surprise that his decision to sign for Rangers in May had social media in a kerfuffle when his 2012 tweet – “I am a Celtic fan” – was dredged up so that it might be subject to calm and sober scrutiny from all concerned.
  • (3) These 5 were classified into 2 operations of varying the independent variable, 2 of holding the independent variable constant, and tautology.
  • (4) If Farage was tempted to reply that his opponent trades in a cut-price political rhetoric that reduces debate to a bewildering brew of slogans, tautologies and clap-lines, he chose instead to occupy the argumentative high ground – or as close as Ukippers get to it.
  • (5) What do tautological phrases such as Boys will be boys, A promise is a promise, or War is war mean and how are they understood?
  • (6) None of the other freedoms are as free as they were meant to be, so how about we make this freedom a bit less of a freedom to make it more in line with the other non-freedoms.” Caught up in the tautology of his argument, the prime minister went on to make ever wilder and contradictory claims.
  • (7) However, this tautologic upper limit does not uniquely define the critical duration.
  • (8) Duration judgments were explaned predominantly by succession, whereas succession judgments were explained tautologically or by mere "seeing."
  • (9) This is what passes for significant thought in the GOP: new scare facts colliding with new anecdotes of meetin’ folks, all to explain re-synonymized tautologies.
  • (10) Our results indicate that glucoreceptor cells in tissues perfused by carotid arteries may play a tautological role in the sympathetic response to hypoglycemia and imply that glucose-sensitive receptors must also be located elsewhere in the central nervous system or in the periphery.
  • (11) They are nothing more, Stewart now acknowledges, than tautologies.
  • (12) Confining the diagnosis of schizophrenia to the severe cases indicates a conservative, perhaps tautological, approach to this diagnosis.
  • (13) To avoid tautology, the nature of these was confirmed by immunostaining for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and factor VIII-related antigen (FVII RAg).
  • (14) The first is a tautology lacking explanatory power.
  • (15) The reasoning may be questioned because of faulty inferential leaps, undue reliance on the concept of 'maturity', the use of a tautology, ('The dependent person is...dependent'), internal contradictions, and a questionable analogy between children's and adults' behaviour.
  • (16) The basic tenet of twin biology, that most twin excess anomalies are due to MZs, is a myth self-perpetuated by a methodological tautology, and is false, at least for mortality.
  • (17) It is argued that since Heather & Robertson's 'new' approach incorporates a set of assumptions parallel to those of the disease concept it is equally tautological, and therefore does not represent the type of change in paradigm they propose.
  • (18) Historian and MP Tristram Hunt is indicted for "tautology and other errors".
  • (19) It is this devotion to the infinitely unknown that makes Hugo so meticulous in giving the reader Valjean's prison numbers; and why Valjean's name is almost a tautology.
  • (20) Forensic factors were found to be positively related to length of admission; and motivation for treatment--a problematic concept which has frequently been regarded as tautologous--is also discussed.

Valid


Definition:

  • (a.) Strong; powerful; efficient.
  • (a.) Having sufficient strength or force; founded in truth; capable of being justified, defended, or supported; not weak or defective; sound; good; efficacious; as, a valid argument; a valid objection.
  • (a.) Having legal strength or force; executed with the proper formalities; incapable of being rightfully overthrown or set aside; as, a valid deed; a valid covenant; a valid instrument of any kind; a valid claim or title; a valid marriage.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Unfortunately, due to confidentiality clauses that have been imposed on us by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection, we are unable to provide our full names and … titles … However, we believe the evidence that will be submitted will validate the statements that we are making in this submission.” The submission detailed specific allegations – including names and dates – of sexual abuse of child detainees, violence and bullying of children, suicide attempts by children and medical neglect.
  • (2) Recently, the validity of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) standards for selection of spirometric test results has been questioned based on the finding of inverse dependence of FEV1 on effort.
  • (3) Single-case experimental designs are presented and discussed from several points of view: Historical antecedents, assessment of the dependent variable, internal and external validity and pre-experimental vs experimental single-case designs.
  • (4) An application is made to the validity of cancer risk items included in a cancer registry.
  • (5) Although measurements are easily obtained with a tape measure, the validity of these measurements is not known.
  • (6) This observation, reinforced by simultaneous determinations of cortisol levels in the internal spermatic and antecubital veins, practically excluded the validity of the theory of adrenal hormonal suppression of testicular tissues.
  • (7) However, each of the studies had numerous methodological flaws which biased their results against finding a relationship: either their outcome measures had questionable validity, their research designs were inappropriate, or the statistical analyses were poorly conceived.
  • (8) We found no statistically significant difference in one-year, biochemically validated, sustained cessation rates between the group offered the long-term follow-up visits (12.5%) and the group given the brief intervention (10.2%).
  • (9) Although, it did give me the confidence to believe that my voice was valid and important.
  • (10) Both demonstrated concurrent validity and feasibility.
  • (11) Specifically, we apply techniques of data preprocessing, orthogonality constraints, and validation of solutions in a complete TC analysis, for the first time using actual MEP data.
  • (12) However, no evidence could be discerned to support its validity as a measure of a patient's treatment outcome.
  • (13) Validation studies, to show that the method is precise, accurate and rectilinear, have been carried out on four linctus formulations and two pastille formulations.
  • (14) In this paper the domain of validity of the unlabelled and labelled minimal models of glucose disappearance is studied.
  • (15) However, valid electroacoustic evaluation of the DMHAs cannot be accomplished using the conventional hearing aid test box.
  • (16) Validity of the fructosamine assay allows its potential use as a mass screening test for diabetes in these populations (USA, Africa, Caribbean...).
  • (17) Furthermore, CV1% and DV6% have proved to be valid parameters in finding differences in the light reflex in non-age-matched study groups.
  • (18) A role for cAMP in the process of LHRH release was suggested several years ago, but only recently has the validity of this notion come under close scrutiny.
  • (19) However the study does not permit to reach any valid conclusions; further elaborate investigations alone could prove the useful role of genetic influence in the propagation of lepromin sensitivity to the subsequent sibs.
  • (20) From the subcutaneous transplanted tumors a large number of MLuC1-positive tumor cells could easily be recovered, thus indicating the validity of the in vivo methodology.

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