(n.) The terminal joint or movable piece at the end of the abdomen of Crustacea and other articulates. See Thoracostraca.
Example Sentences:
(1) By quantitative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, paramyosin:myosin heavy chain molecular ratios were calculated for three molluscan muscles:Aequipecten striated adductor, Mercenaria opaque adductor, and Mytilus anterior byssus retractor; and four arthropodan muscles:Limulus telson, Homarus slow claw.
(2) Small angle x-ray diffraction patterns were recorded from isometrically contracting Limulus (horseshoe crab) telson levator muscle using a multiwire proportional-area detector on the storage ring DORIS.
(3) In their absence, the telson and acron are not formed.
(4) The recessive zygotic lethal mutation tailless maps to region 100A5,6-B1,2 at the tip of the right arm of chromosome 3, and results in shortened pharyngeal ridges in the head skeleton of the mature embryo and the elimination of the eighth abdominal segment and telson.
(5) When any afferent nerve from the telson was stimulated, both telson FIs showed an additional fast-rising, short-latency (1.4 ms) PSP, which preceded the slow component.
(6) Egyptian scorpion venom was collected by electrical stimulation of the telson.
(7) These studies suggest the following model: for the anteroposterior axis of the embryo, three groups of maternal genes define three largely independent systems that determine (1) the anterior segmented region of head and thorax, (2) the posterior segmented region of the abdomen, and (3) the terminal non-segmented regions of acron and telson.
(8) Here we present evidence that strongly suggests that the well-documented phenomenon of A-band shortening in Limulus telson muscle is activation dependent and reflects fragmentation of thick filaments at their ends.
(9) The neutralizing capacity of these antisera are compared: it appears that a telson extract can be used instead of the crude venom to produce an efficient antiserum.
(10) No generalization to a spatial displacement of the stimulus was obtained, although a visually elicited telson reflex had been shown to demonstrate a cross-optic generalization.
(11) Incubation of long (greater than or equal to 4.0 microns) thick filaments, separated from Limulus telson muscle under relaxing conditions, with either intact MLCK in the presence of Ca2+ and calmodulin, or Ca2(+)-independent MLCK obtained by brief chymotryptic digestion (Walsh, M. P., R. Dabrowska, S. Hinkins, and D. J. Hartshorne.
(12) The musculature of the telson of Limulus polyphemus L. consists of three dorsal muscles: the medial and lateral telson levators and the telson abductor, and one large ventral muscle; the telson depressor, which has three major divisions: the dorsal, medioventral, and lateroventral heads.
(13) Muscle correlates of reflex telson movement were recorded in intact Limulus (horseshoe crab) preparations with chronically implanted microelectrodes.
(14) Of the muscles in this study, Limulus telson levator is the only one for which the antiparamyosin staining pattern has been previously reported.
(15) The motor circuits that control telson flexion in the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) include a curiously arranged sub-circuit: a premotor 'command' neuron excites a motor neuron via a trisynaptic pathway, but also inhibits (and prevents firing of) the motor neuron via a shorter latency pathway (Kramer et al.
(16) The formation of the telson in the Drosophila embryo, which encompasses all structures posterior to abdominal segment 7, is under the control of the "terminal class" genes.
(17) Interneurons activated by mechanosensory hairs on the crayfish telson respond selectively to directional displacements of the medium; the directions of maximum sensitivity lie 180 degrees apart in approximately the rostrocaudal plane, corresponding to the directional sensitivities of the two populations of primary afferent neurons.
(18) Calcium activation of detergent-skinned fiber bundles of Limulus telson muscle results in large decreases in A-band (from 5.1 to 3.3 microns) and thick filament (from 4.1 to 3.3 microns) lengths and the release of filament end fragments.
(19) The formation of the unsegmented terminal regions of the Drosophila larva, acron and telson requires the function of at least five maternal genes (terminal genes class).
(20) The implications of the observed heterogeneity of fibre types is discussed with reference to previously reported phenomena in Limulus telson muscle, including changes in length of thick filaments on fibre stimulation and the shape of the length-tension curve obtained from fibre bundles.
Uropod
Definition:
(n.) Any one of the abdominal appendages of a crustacean, especially one of the posterior ones, which are often larger than the rest, and different in structure, and are used chiefly in locomotion. See Illust. of Crustacea, and Stomapoda.
Example Sentences:
(1) The label was present in a spotty fashion or over a so-called uropod.
(2) Upon further incubation at 37 degrees C, Con A was internalized over the entire cell periphery of the rounded, untreated cells but on collagenase-treated PMNs was rapidly gathered into a cap overlying the uropod or protuberant region of cytoplasm where it was subsequently internalized.
(3) The most simple macrophage-lymphocyte cluster consisted of one macrophage, one large central lymphocyte with a blastoid appearance attached to the macrophage with a broad area of contact, and from a few to more than 20 small peripheral lymphocytes attached to the central lymphocyte by their uropods.
(4) During cell locomotion the fluorescent labels redistribute to the uropod and retraction fibers.
(5) Some lymphocytes with smooth surface showing uropods were also observed.
(6) Both flattening and elongation of the adherent cells are inhibited by low temperature, chelating agents, cytochalasin B, and vinblastine, while sodium azide selectively inhibits elongation and uropod formation.
(7) Analyses of electromyograms of untrestrained Emerita, before and after bilateral surgical ablation of the four nonspiking mechanoreceptive cells associated with each uropod, established that power strokes in 'treading water' are dependent upon proprioceptive feedback from the nonspiking cells.
(8) CF bound to the plasma membrane and was internalized on the membranes of vesicles and vacuoles, a process that was particularly prominent at the uropod of basophils exhibiting a polarized ('motile') configuration.
(9) Small fluctuations in their membrane potentials cause sustained change in activity of the motoneurons innervating the uropod muscles.
(10) Some cells were more irregular in shape, while others displayed clusters of polarized microvilli and small uropods.
(11) The results suggest a flow of CR3 from intracellular granules----lamellipodia and cell body----uropod----trailing filopodia during chemotaxis.
(12) We concluded that the continuous excitation of uropod motor neurons during the fictive abdominal movement was mediated, at least partly, by the local nonspiking interneurons.
(13) The results of all of our experiments on the uropod indicate that a conjunction of separate proximodistal, dorsoventral, and mediolateral component fields may give positional information for generating the uropod.
(14) When the animal was engaged in abdominal postural movement, all uropod motoneurons received sustained excitatory input.
(15) Uropod formation and inhomogeneous distribution were inhibited or reversed by cytochalasin B, but not by vinblastine or colchicine.
(16) The cap had a characteristic uropod form, enriched with intracellular organelles.
(17) Ultrastructural analyses showed, exclusively in delta-TCS1+ cells, nuclear deformations, uropod formation, and abundant cytoskeletal structures.
(18) On the contrary, on cells which had formed a uropod the labeled receptors and antigens appeared to be preferentially concentrated around the nucleus, and depleted over the uropod, and especially over the constriction at the base of the uropod.
(19) On the first and second days the transformation of lymphocytes into active cells with uropods is observed.
(20) In contrast, viruses were noted on the tip of the mouse HMC uropod by transmission electron microscopy.