(n.) The number four; a collection of four things; a quaternion.
(n.) A tetravalent or quadrivalent atom or radical; as, carbon is a tetrad.
Example Sentences:
(1) A constellation of histologic lesions was identified in brain (diffuse meningoencephalitis with bilaterally symmetrical thalamic necrosis), liver (pericholangiohepatitis), lung (pneumonitis), and spleen (lymphoid hyperplasia); this tetrad is apparently unique to this model system.
(2) Optimal formation of complete tetrads occurred at a narrow range of pH values around 6.0.
(3) Tetrad dissection of sporulated diploids heterozygous for the wild-type and mutant allele resulted in a 2:2 segregation of mutant and wild-type phenotype indicating a single gene mutation.
(4) Increased nondisjunction is reflected by a marked increase in tetrads with two and zero viable spores.
(5) At each of these synaptic sites, L1 and L2 are invariable contributors to two of the four elements of a postsynaptic tetrad.
(6) Each glandular unit originates from an isogenic group of cells of which the four elements (tetrade) are disposed on two levels.
(7) A possibility to construct a genetic map of the yeast Pichia pinus MH4 is demonstrated on the basis of tetrad analysis.
(8) 74 of the patients showed acne conglobata, 12 acne tetrade, 11 acne fulminans, and 69 acne papulopustulosa.
(9) The mutations were assigned to specific chromosomes by chromosome loss procedures, and linkage relationships were determined subsequently by standard tetrad analysis.
(10) We used the telomeric repeat of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, TTTTAGGG, which contains 3 guanines and has a long interguanine A + T tract, to determine whether these sequences can form intrastrand and interstrand guanine tetrads.
(11) The possibility that extragenic suppressors account for growth of clathrin-deficient cells was examined by deletion of CHC1 from haploid cell genomes by single-step gene transplacement and independently by introduction of a centromere plasmid carrying the complete CHC1 gene into diploid cells before eviction of a chromosomal CHC1 locus and subsequent tetrad analysis.
(12) The article generalizes the experience in surgical treatment of Fallot's tetrad in 20 infants.
(13) With respect to behavior, the resulting compounds appeared, presumably as a consequence of their singular generation, to contain an interstitial heterochromatic region that caused the distribution of exchanges between the elements of the compound to be abnormal (many zero and two-exchange tetrads with few, if any, single-exchange tetrads).
(14) Tetrad analysis showed the two suppressors were located about 10 map units apart, the missense suppressor being the more distal to the centromere.
(15) Defective proteinase B activity segregates 2:2 in meiotic tetrads.
(16) Fine genetic mapping was carried out by conventional tetrad analysis using the integrated LEU2 gene as a marker.
(17) Evidence for a centromeric effect on NRD was obtained, suggested by a negative correlation between the degree of NRD, c, and the distance between the region of exchange and the centromere as inferred from SET's (single exchange tetrads).
(18) Allelism tests and tetrad analysis clearly proved that the cat4 complementation group is a new class of mutant alleles affecting carbon source-dependent gene expression.
(19) In isosequential crosses, 90-95% of tetrads are 8:0.
(20) The distinguishing criteria are: lack of pigment in infected red blood cells; no circulating schizonts or gametocytes; "atypical" malarialike organisms; tetrad groups, rods, or exclamation-mark forms; and persisting parasitemia after treatment for malaria.
Tetravalent
Definition:
(a.) Having a valence of four; tetratomic; quadrivalent.
Example Sentences:
(1) The oxidative properties of Vv can be used in the photocolorimetric determination of those reducers which give no other reactions with vanadium ions-penta and tetravalent.
(2) (which gives different products) but is attributed to an oxidizing intermediate resulting from the two electron oxidation of Fe2+ to a peroxo complex, or a derivative of tetravalent iron.
(3) The retention of the tetravalent and pentavalent vanadium forms was also investigated 1 d after oral administration.
(4) Two different tetravalent polysaccharide vaccines against group A, C, Y, and W135 meningococci were given to 118 infants aged 6 to 23 months; the same vaccines were administered in a second dose 12 months later to those infants aged 6 to 11 months at first vaccination.
(5) The cytostatic and cytocidal effects of a newly synthesized tetravalent platinum drug (CBDCA-ox) on two experimental ascites tumors as well as on normal tissues of the mouse were investigated.
(6) The data suggest that aldehydes formed during the process of lipid peroxidation induced by tetravalent vanadium react with the proteins in LDL to form fluorescent chromolipids and that the oxidative process originates within the hydrophobic domain of LDL.
(7) For a model experiment, artificial phospholipid membranes have been used to study the effect of uni-, di-, tri- and tetravalent cations on the adhesion process.
(8) Succinylated-Con A (bivalent) binds to the same receptors as native Con A (tetravalent) but does not elicit lamellipodium extension unless crosslinked with anti-Con A IgG.
(9) The effects of tetravalent conconavalin A and its succinylated derivative on the intracellular production of superoxide anion (O-2) and its release into cell exterior of peritoneal macrophages were observed.
(10) We conducted a prospective randomized double blind study to determine: (1) the safety and immunogenicity of live oral tetravalent human-rhesus rotavirus reassortant vaccine in neonates; and (2) whether a second dose at the age of 6 to 8 weeks enhances the immunogenicity.
(11) Opsonic and bactericidal functions of serum were examined in the half-brother after immunization with tetravalent meningococcal vaccine.
(12) Conformational alterations induced in DNA by the binding of various bivalent and tetravalent platinum complexes were characterized by means of differential pulse polarography and circular dichroism spectroscopy.
(13) The binding of tetravalent concanavalin A to the surface glycoproteins of macrophages caused a marked increase in the rate of oxygen consumption due to the activation of the hexose monophosphate shunt.
(14) It is shown that the process of DNA condensation becomes spontaneous in the presence of divalent cations in methanol, and in the presence of tri- or tetravalent cations in water media.
(15) Such prevalence is lower than the one rated in the civil population, demonstrating the major importance of vector control to limit spreading of such an epidemic as a tetravalent vaccine is not yet available.
(16) Anti-CR2 antibody HB5, tetravalent P13, and P28 conjugated to BSA, enhanced the ability of F(ab')2 fragments of the IgG fraction of goat anti-human mu antibody to increase human B cell [Ca2+]i.
(17) This results suggest a possible positive influence of tetravalent vanadium on the stability of cell membranes.
(18) Also hemotoxicity of this tetravalent drug was markedly lower than that of CBDCA.
(19) While the stimulatory effect of vanadate, an anion of pentavalent vanadium, on adenylate cyclase (AC) has been repeatedly demonstrated in various tissues only a few studies have been hitherto devoted to the effect of vanadyl, a cation of tetravalent vanadium, but these have provided contradictory results.
(20) PFRAP results reported here show that: (a) most clustered AChR (approximately 86%) are rotationally immobile within a time scale of at least several seconds; and (b) most nonclustered AChR (approximately 76%) are rotationally mobile with characteristic times ranging from less than 50 ms to 0.1 s. External cross-linking with the tetravalent lectin concanavalin A immobilizes many nonclustered AChR.