(n.) A mass of nervous matter on either side of the third ventricle of the brain; -- called also optic thalamus.
(n.) Same as Thallus.
(n.) The receptacle of a flower; a torus.
Example Sentences:
(1) While the heaviest anterogradely labeled ascending projections were observed to the contralateral ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, pars oralis (VPLo), efferent projections were also observed to the contralateral ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VLc) and central lateral (CL) nucleus of the thalamic intralaminar complex, magnocellular (and to a lesser extent parvicellular) red nucleus, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, zona incerta, nucleus of the posterior commissure, lateral intermediate layer and deep layer of the superior colliculus, dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, contralateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and basilar pontine nuclei (especially dorsal and peduncular), and dorsal (DAO) and medial (MAO) accessory olivary nuclei, ipsilateral lateral (external) cuneate nucleus (LCN) and lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), and to a lesser extent the caudal medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and caudal nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), and dorsal medullary raphe.
(2) The hippocampus plays an essential role in the laying down of cognitive memories, the pathway to the frontal lobe being via the MD thalamus.
(3) Neurons containing moderate to high concentrations of ChE reaction product were found in 3 distinct regions of the dorsal thalamus.
(4) Morphological results demonstrated that 30 Gy irradiated animals showed extensive necrosis primarily in the fimbria, which extended into the internal capsule, optic nerve, hippocampus, and thalamus.
(5) The occurrence of paresis or paralysis in ischemic processes strictly situated in the thalamus, however, is discussed: the deficit may be limited to parts of limbs; most often, it is not associated with pyramidal symptomatology; recovery is observed in the hand before the inferior limb.
(6) The presence of gelatinosa neurons projecting to the thalamus emphasizes a point made in earlier reports, that these neurons do not form an homogeneous population.
(7) The existence is therefore proposed of some neural mechanism that controls the higher cerebral function of writing via the thalamus.
(8) To identify the origin of scalp-recorded far-field negativity of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials to median nerve stimulation (designated N18), direct records were made from the thalamus and ventricular system during 4 stereotaxic and 3 posterior fossa operations.
(9) The neighbouring neocortical areas receive afferents neither from the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus nor from the ventral mesencephalic tegmentum; their catecholamine innervation is mainly confined to the superficial layers and appears to be of noradrenergic nature.
(10) The tonic influences were expressed in an increase in the amplitude parameters of the responses of the visual cortex in conditions of the formation in the posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus of a focus of heightened excitability (anode polarization), and their perceptible diminution with potassium depression in this nucleus.
(11) Glutamate-immunoreactive neurons were present throughout the acoustic thalamus, including the regions containing the retrogradely labeled neurons.
(12) Neutral aminopeptidase activity showed a significant decrease in the thalamus and cerebellum with marked (not significant) changes in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla, and occipital cortex.
(13) CT findings of 6 cases with germinoma originating in the basal ganglia and thalamus are reported.
(14) Parkinsonism in the present case may be due to the involvement of multiple neuronal circuits of the extrapyramidal system at the level of the midbrain to the thalamus.
(15) Thus, the possibility of defects at other sites, such as the globus pallidus or thalamus must be considered.
(16) Histochemically the lowered activity of enzymes was localized mainly in the neuropil of: striatum, the Broc's nuclei and rhinencephalon: in the nervous cells of: Ammon's horn, nuclei of thalamus and in neocortex.
(17) Peripheral nerve grafts were inserted into the thalamus in 27 Sprague-Dawley rats.
(18) For the stereotactic treatment of Parkinson's disease, the target is usually located in the thalamus; this point is related to nearby structures (third ventricle).
(19) CT findings of them revealed that the hematomas were large or invaded toward the internal capsule and thalamus.
(20) Background activity recorded extracellularly from three anterior (limbic) nuclei of the thalamus was analyzed in chronic unanesthetized rabbits.
Torus
Definition:
(n.) A lage molding used in the bases of columns. Its profile is semicircular. See Illust. of Molding.
(n.) One of the ventral parapodia of tubicolous annelids. It usually has the form of an oblong thickening or elevation of the integument with rows of uncini or hooks along the center. See Illust. under Tubicolae.
(n.) The receptacle, or part of the flower on which the carpels stand.
(n.) See 3d Tore, 2.
Example Sentences:
(1) In addition, labelled cells were found in the torus semicircularis, in and around the nucleus isthmus pars parvocellularis.
(2) By means of biomicroscopy main regularities in development of the skin capillary network have been revealed in the nail torus in the postnatal ontogenesis.
(3) Patients of the dominant families have often had a torus palatinus.
(4) The torus also received bilateral input from the nucleus ventromedialis thalami, nucleus of lemniscus lateralis, nucleus medialis, anterior octaval nucleus, descending octaval nucleus, and the reticular formation.
(5) We employed intracellular recording and labeling methods to investigate ampullary and tuberous information processing in laminae 1-5 of the dorsal torus semicircularis of Eigenmannia.
(6) A cylinder of endoplasmic reticulum is intimately involved in cross-wall deposition from its earliest stages; as the wall grows in, it becomes increasingly constricted in the pore region, finally assuming a torus-like configuration.
(7) Unlike tuberous afferents to the torus, ampullary afferents had numerous varicosities along their finest-diameter branches.
(8) The anterior end of the olfactory groove was first classified into three types, i.e., normal type, obliterated type (obliterated by cancellous bone) and dangerous type (with Recessus cristae galli and Torus olfactorius).
(9) This independence of the auditory and the second order lateral line nuclei is further substantiated by their separate projection to other brain areas, like the torus semicircularis of the midbrain, and their functional properties.
(11) Of the three neuronal types observed in the torus: fusiform, rounded-ovoid and triangular-stellate, the highest percentage corresponds to the neurons with rounded-ovoid somata, followed by the triangular-stellate and then the fusiform neurons.
(12) Single-unit recordings from neurons in the torus semicircularis of Rana ridibunda were analyzed to determine the degree to which these neurons can detect acoustic stimuli superimposed on continuous, broad-band noise.
(13) Scattered fibers were found in all other parts of the brain except in the cerebellum, the nucleus isthmi and the torus semicircularis, where no immunoreactivity could be detected.
(14) Impulse responses of single units located in the torus semicircularis of the immobilized lake frog (Rana ridibunda) to long-lasting characteristic frequency tones modulated by low-frequency pseudorandom noise were registered.
(15) In the mesencephalon, FMRF-amide-containing fibres appeared in the dorsal tegmentum, in the torus semicircularis and in the deep layers of the tectum opticum.
(16) The lateral preglomerular nucleus receives an electrosensory input from nucleus electrosensorius in the diencephalon, but it also receives auditory and mechanosensory inputs directly from the torus semicircularis.
(17) the laminar nucleus of the torus semicircularis, a cell group which receives spinal afferents and projects to the spinal cord as the mammalian periaqueductal gray.
(18) In the case of squalene-based black lipid membranes (BLMs), in contrast, vesicles do not nucleate lenses but they apparently do fuse with the torus at the bilayer boundary.
(19) Stability of the inner torus ring is achieved when DNA phosphate groups are about 90% neutralized by trivalent cations, another prediction that is consistent with the observed formation of toruses in these conditions.
(20) The present study demonstrates that (i) the lateral lemniscus is supplied by fibers of the medullary acoustic nucleus (nucleus intermedius) and the superior olive; (ii) the subtectal dorsal tegmentum can be clearly separated into a dorsally located torus semicircularis and a ventrally situated dorsal tegmental nucleus, the former processing auditory and vibratory, the latter vestibular signals; and (iii) the hearing capabilities of this animal, as estimated from the tuning of toral units, are comparable to those of anurans with extratympanic sound transmission.