(n.) The part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen, containing that part of the body cavity the walls of which are supported by the dorsal vertebrae, the ribs, and the sternum, and which the heart and lungs are situated; the chest.
(n.) The middle region of the body of an insect, or that region which bears the legs and wings. It is composed of three united somites, each of which is composed of several distinct parts. See Illust. in Appendix. and Illust. of Coleoptera.
(n.) The second, or middle, region of the body of a crustacean, arachnid, or other articulate animal. In the case of decapod Crustacea, some writers include under the term thorax only the three segments bearing the maxillipeds; others include also the five segments bearing the legs. See Illust. in Appendix.
(n.) A breastplate, cuirass, or corselet; especially, the breastplate worn by the ancient Greeks.
Example Sentences:
(1) In April 1986, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thorax and shoulder girdle was presented to the 99th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Anatomists.
(2) We measured the steady-state volumes of distribution for radioactive chloride, sucrose, and albumin in the lung of six anesthetized, spen-thorax sheep.
(3) ELS (or accessory lungs) is a rare congenital abnormality defined as a lung segment outside a normal lung, usually localized in the left lower thorax.
(4) Respiratory failure, developing 7-9 days after inoculation, was associated with a decrease in lung-thorax compliance determined during artificial ventilation, and an increase in the amount of protein including the specific antibody in lung lavage fluid.
(5) It imitates the conventional percussion massage of the thorax by introducing high-frequency gas oscillations (300 impulses per minute) into the tracheobronchial system.
(6) Radiographs of the thorax were evaluated in 240 patients during the acute phase following a myocardial infarct.
(7) Their medical histories were consulted and further measures were taken such as a radiological thorax study, total IgE, TDI, MDI and HDI RAST, a basal spirometric study and finally a provocation test.
(8) Differential and sucrose gradient centrifugation of honey bee thoraces, disrupted by gentle methods and using mannitol-triethanolamine-EDTA buffer at pH 6.5, showed that in the honey bee thorax 92-94.8% of the trehalase was mitochondrial.
(9) In comparison with untreated controls from the same litters, there was a 4-7-fold enhancement of lung-thorax compliance in all groups of surfactant-treated animals during a 3-h period of artificial ventilation.
(10) The effect of manual percussion of the thorax in nine patients with stable chronic airflow obstruction and excessive tracheobronchial secretion has been studied.
(11) The lesion has occurred in many sites, but is commonest in the thorax (60%), abdomen (11%), neck (14%), and axilla (4%).
(12) The autonomous-visceral pathology observed in cases of cervical injuries can be attributed to the direct effect of the trauma upon the segmental innervation appratus of the heart, diaphragm, thorax.
(13) Patients with massive symptoms and signs indicating abdominal injury should receive high priority in the treatment of the multiple injury patient, second only to injuries to airways and thorax.
(14) Whole iic nerves of the rostral thorax (T2-T5) usually discharged during neural inspiration, whereas those of the caudal thorax (T7-T11) were primarily active during neural expiration.
(15) The following advantages must be pointed out in respect of using DLR in thoracic diagnosis in the intensive-care ward: No faulty exposures; the thorax can be x-rayed with the patient recumbent in bed, with lateral take: the image brightness in maintained at a constant level by histogram selection; electronic image processing and storage.
(16) Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and arteriovenous oxygen content difference (C[a-v]O2) were measured or calculated each time the surgeon's hand entered the thorax to dissect the esophagus.
(17) In both these cases of blunt injury to the thorax, careful examination of the patients resulted in early diagnosis and surgery.
(18) HRCT scans at the apex of the thorax in all nine patients scanned at this level showed that extrapleural fat with interspersed vessels accounted for most of the plain radiographic opacity.
(19) A radiograph of the thorax showed features of peribronchitis and infiltration in both lungs.
(20) The ultrasonic diagnosis as a method of recognising postoperative subprosthetical breast pathological changes (respectively of simulated tumor recidivs and implanted breast prosthesis) located near the thorax and therefore difficult to detect by external palpation and mammography examination have been described in a follow-up study, and further possibilities of application suggested.
Truncus
Definition:
(n.) The thorax of an insect. See Trunk, n., 5.
Example Sentences:
(1) The conus was found to contribute little to forward flow under ordinary circumstances, but its contribution increased greatly during bleeding or partial occlusion of the truncus.
(2) (7) Histologically, in the chick, the wall of the truncus and the conus contain cardiac muscle as late as stage 28, but from then on the walls of the truncus are transformed into connective tissue and plain muscle.
(3) It is concluded that this association of truncus arteriosus, aortic arch abnormalities and facial anomalies involves first and fourth branchial arch maldevelopment, and indicates embryological insult between the fourth and seventh weeks of gestation.
(4) Twenty-four patients with persistent truncus arteriosus who underwent total surgical correction at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada between October 1984 and December 1987 were investigated to determine whether the postoperative course is satisfactory even without performing replacement of the truncal valve.
(5) The subgroup of 12 fetuses with a large truncus (truncal diameter greater than 160% of the ascending aorta diameter in the controls) showed significantly greater values for right ventricular volume (200% of control) and mass (120% of control), left ventricular volume (170% of control) and mass (110% of control), right (120% of control) and left (110% of control) atrial volume, and pericardial fluid (140% of control) than the controls.
(6) Heart catheterization with angiocardiography at 1 and 2 wk of age revealed a truncus arteriosus type A 1 with a small frontal outbulging in the level with the outflow of the right ventricle, interpreted as a blind infurdibular chamber.
(7) Cross sectional and Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation showed a unique variant of truncus arteriosus with an intact ventricular septum.
(8) He underwent Rastelli operation at the age of 10 months with the diagnosis of truncus arteriosus (Collet & Edwards Type I).
(9) In the second case the patient had truncus arteriosus.
(10) Twelve hearts showed transposition, one had double-outlet outlet chamber, and another persistent truncus arteriosus.
(11) In every case, this artery arose from the truncus hepato-mesentericus, which in turn was a branch of a thick arterial truncus coeliaco-mesentericus.
(12) The surgical desirability and embryological implications of criteria for differentiating truncus arteriosus from aortopulmonary septal defect are presented.
(13) EPI constructions in the normal heart, transposition, truncus arteriosus and right heart hypoplasia are presented and discussed.
(14) Nineteen patients with truncus arteriosus and single pulmonary artery had corrective operations at the Mayo Clinic from 1969 to 1983.
(15) The trapezius muscle of Mustelus sharks, in contrast with that of human beings, was found to be supplied solely by rami accessorii--subbranches of the truncus intestino-accessorius of the vagus nerve; no evidence indicating the direct contribution of the spinal nerves to the innervation of the trapezius were obtained.
(16) In experiments with rats, it was shown that whole-body irradiation of animals with a dose of 500 Gy causes a decrease in the catecholamine mediator content of the truncus cerebri during the first minutes following irradiation.
(17) The following anomalies were observed: six cases of great vessels transposition, five cases of pulmonary artery atresia, five cases of truncus, three cases of tetralogy of Fallot and six cases of single ventricle.
(18) Five patients had a severe form of tetralogy of Fallot; six had pulmonary atresia; five had transposition of the great vessels, ventricular septal defect (VSD), and pulmonic stenosis; five had truncus arteriosus; and one had "corrected" transposition, VSD, and pulmonic stenosis.
(19) Persistent truncus asteriosus is now correctable surgically in patients with favorable anatomy.
(20) We report on a case of a 62-years old woman with dextroposition of the aortic arch and an atresia of the left brachiocephalic truncus.