What's the difference between topology and union?

Topology


Definition:

  • (n.) The art of, or method for, assisting the memory by associating the thing or subject to be remembered with some place.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The scheme is based on topological information, i.e.
  • (2) These results provide knowledge of the interrelationships between antibiotic and substrate ribosome binding sites which should eventually contribute to a map of ribosomal topology.
  • (3) The conformational properties of these new TASPs are now under investigation, with special emphasis on the relationship between overall conformation and the nature of the topological template.
  • (4) In the context of a simplified diamond lattice model of a six-member, Greek key beta-barrel protein that is closely related in topology to plastocyanin, the nature of the folding and unfolding pathways have been investigated using dynamic Monte Carlo techniques.
  • (5) At the Second Scandinavian Congress on Image Analysis in 1981 Kohonen provided evidence that the map of signals has the same topological order as the map of reactions.
  • (6) Phylogenetic analysis of the aligned sequences by both phenetic and cladistic methods with H. perryi as an outgroup generated one best topology which pairs S. alpinus with S. malma as the most recently derived species, and pairs S. confluentus with S. leucomaenis.
  • (7) Then, a 'hyperstructure matrix' is generated, containing the unique topological relationship between every pair of regions.
  • (8) Linear DNA substrates in which pairing is topologically restricted to a paranemic joint also follow this relationship.
  • (9) The subgroups of carcinoma of the bladder, determined by topology, have markedly different long-term prognoses.
  • (10) The fluorescence properties of Hoechst 33342 (HO 33342) were examined with plasmid pBR322 in the supercoiled (Form I) or relaxed covalently closed circular (Form Io) conformation in order to determine whether qualitative or quantitative differences in fluorescence properties might provide an assay for topological states of DNA.
  • (11) An exhaustive search of all possible trees also supported this topology, although one haplotype had to be eliminated from this analysis to save computer time.
  • (12) This superfamily of proteins is predicted to share the topology of the seven transmembrane helices of bacteriorhodopsin (BR), even though no significant sequence homology had been identified.
  • (13) These data demonstrate the utility of this approach for determining membrane protein topology and extend potential applications to include at least some proteins not normally expressed in E. coli.
  • (14) The unique topology of the products indicates that resolvase fixes the sum of the number of supercoils between recombination sites at synapsis and the number of such supercoils lost or gained during strand exchange.
  • (15) Such explanations are possible because the relatively few structural proteins of the erythrocyte are regularly distributed over the entire cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane and because the well-understood topological associations of these proteins seem to be stable in comparison with the time required for the cell to change shape.
  • (16) The objectives of the present investigations were to document a composite, new approach for the evaluation of the structure-function dependencies of proteins based on the analysis of the informational content of the primary amino acid sequence as well as the topological and functional regions of a protein.
  • (17) When the input topology is supercoiled, high levels of transcription are observed, whereas input relaxed DNA is transcribed to a much lower extent.
  • (18) It is believed that one or more basic residues at the extreme amino terminus of precursor proteins and the lack of a net positive charge immediately following the signal peptide act as topological determinants that promote the insertion of the signal peptide hydrophobic core into the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli cells with the correct orientation required to initiate the protein export process.
  • (19) We observe that the effect of osmotic shock is an elevation of superhelical tension; quantitative comparison with changes in plasmid linking number indicates that the alteration in DNA topology is all unconstrained.
  • (20) Anomalous correspondence most probably has its seat where the retinal topology is not exact, i.e., where the binocular receptive fields are very large and encompass the corpus callosum, such as in area 20 or 21.

Union


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of uniting or joining two or more things into one, or the state of being united or joined; junction; coalition; combination.
  • (n.) Agreement and conjunction of mind, spirit, will, affections, or the like; harmony; concord.
  • (n.) That which is united, or made one; something formed by a combination or coalition of parts or members; a confederation; a consolidated body; a league; as, the weavers have formed a union; trades unions have become very numerous; the United States of America are often called the Union.
  • (n.) A textile fabric composed of two or more materials, as cotton, silk, wool, etc., woven together.
  • (n.) A large, fine pearl.
  • (n.) A device emblematic of union, used on a national flag or ensign, sometimes, as in the military standard of Great Britain, covering the whole field; sometimes, as in the flag of the United States, and the English naval and marine flag, occupying the upper inner corner, the rest of the flag being called the fly. Also, a flag having such a device; especially, the flag of Great Britain.
  • (n.) A joint or other connection uniting parts of machinery, or the like, as the elastic pipe of a tender connecting it with the feed pipe of a locomotive engine; especially, a pipe fitting for connecting pipes, or pipes and fittings, in such a way as to facilitate disconnection.
  • (n.) A cask suspended on trunnions, in which fermentation is carried on.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) He voiced support for refugees, trade unions, council housing, peace, international law and human rights.
  • (2) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
  • (3) The night before, he was addressing the students at the Oxford Union , in the English he learned during four years as a student in America.
  • (4) David Cameron has insisted that membership of the European Union is in Britain's national interest and vital for "millions of jobs and millions of families", as he urged his own backbenchers not to back calls for a referendum on the UK's relationship with Brussels.
  • (5) Also critical to Mr Smith's victory was the decision over lunch of the MSF technical union's delegation to abstain on the rule changes.
  • (6) Unions have complained about the process for Chinese-backed companies to bring overseas workers to Australia for projects worth at least $150m, because the memorandum of understanding says “there will be no requirement for labour market testing” to enter into an investment facilitation arrangements (IFA).
  • (7) But still we have to fight for health benefits, we have to jump through loops … Why doesn’t the NFL offer free healthcare for life, especially for those suffering from brain injury?” The commissioner, however, was quick to remind Davis that benefits are agreed as part of the collective bargaining process held between the league and the players’ union, and said that they had been extended during the most recent round of negotiations.
  • (8) George Osborne said the 146,000 fall in joblessness marked "another step on the road to full employment" but Labour and the Trades Union Congress (TUC) seized on news that earnings were failing to keep pace with prices.
  • (9) Anna Mazzola, a civil liberties lawyer who advises the National Union of Journalists and whom I consulted, told me that in general if police can view anyone's images, they can only do so in "very limited circumstances".
  • (10) Solzhenitsyn was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1974 and returned to Russia 20 years later.
  • (11) For a union that, in less than 25 years, has had to cope with the end of the cold war, the expansion from 12 to 28 members, the struggle to create a single currency and, most recently, the eurozone crisis, such a claim risks accusations of hyperbole.
  • (12) Both face and paw receptive fields are unions of a certain set of skin areas called compartments.
  • (13) If wide notice is taken of a current spat over what we can read about Shakespeare’s sexuality into the sonnets in the correspondence columns of the Times Literary Supplement, Sonnet 20 may be a future favourite at civil unions.
  • (14) As the US and the European Union adopted tougher economic sanctions against Russia over the conflict in eastern Ukraine and downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 , Russian officials struck a defiant note, promising that Russia would localise production and emerge stronger than before.
  • (15) The values of human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and the respect for human rights are absolutely fundamental to the European Union.
  • (16) • Queen Margaret Union, one of the University of Glasgow's two student unions, says 200 students there are marching on the principal's office at the moment to present an anti-cuts petition.
  • (17) Whatever else Scott is about, Waverley ends with a vision of Britishness and a British union.
  • (18) A teaching union has questioned appointment of a trustee of Britain's largest academy chain group as chairman of the schools regulator Ofsted , in what was a surprise announcement meant to calm some of the internal conflicts within the coalition.
  • (19) Corruption scandals have left few among the Spanish ruling class untainted, engulfing politicians on the left and right of the spectrum, as well as businesses, unions, football clubs and even the king’s sister .
  • (20) Thatcher made changes to the UK's tax system, some changes to welfare, and many to the nature of British jobs, both through privatisation and economic liberalisation – not least in her battle with the unions.