(1) Nutritional factors or environmental toxins have important effects on CNS degenerative changes.
(2) Arteries treated with atrial natriuretic peptide showed no alterations in relaxation or cGMP content after incubation with pertussis toxin.
(3) The mechanism by which pertussis toxin (PT) breaks the unresponsiveness of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was examined in B10 mice.
(4) Cloned genes encoding pertussis toxin from B. pertussis were transferred into Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis by conjugation.
(5) Strains 1120-A-83-013 and B205BT produced considerably higher levels of dermonecrotic toxin activity than did strains CSU-P-1 and 64-C-0406.
(6) The phosphorylation pattern was affected by the addition of cholera toxin or GDP beta S to the isolated nuclei.
(7) Histopathological studies confirmed that mice fed 933cu-rev died from bilateral renal cortical tubular necrosis consistent with toxic insult, perhaps due to Shiga-like toxins.
(8) Cholera toxin-catalysed ADP-ribosylation identified two forms of Gs alpha-subunits whose labelling was about 4-fold greater in membranes from diabetic animals compared with those from lean animals.
(9) The slope of the thermal inactivation curve of enterotoxin A in beef bouillon (initial pH 6.2) was found to be approximately 27.8 C (50 F) with three different concentrations of toxin.
(10) The antibodies were used for identifying cross-reacting proteins in individual C. s. scutulatus and other Crotalus venoms and to isolate Mojave toxin.
(11) Antisera were raised against intact crotoxin (Crotalus durissus terrificus), Mojave toxin (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) and concolor toxin (Crotalus viridis concolor), as well as the subunits of crotoxin.
(12) Interestingly, different mechanisms of nucleated and non-nucleated TC directed lysis by CD4+ effectors were implied by distinct patterns of sensitivity to cholera toxin (CT) and cyclosporin A (CsA).
(13) The second step occurs several hours later and consists of the transactivation of adenylate cyclase and pertussis toxin genes.
(14) The toxins preferentially attenuate a slow phase of KCl-evoked glutamate release which may be associated with synaptic vesicle mobilization.
(15) Bordetella pertussis and Bacillus anthracis, two taxonomically distinct bacteria, secrete adenylate cyclase toxins that are activated by the eukaryotic protein calmodulin.
(16) Approximately a third of patients had stools that were positive for C difficile by either toxin or culture.
(17) The binding of radioidinated cholera toxin on its solidified antibody was inhibitable by unlabeled cholera toxin and cholera toxin antibody.
(18) To facilitate detoxification, the centrifuge is employed to provide plasma rich in toxins, but void of potentially interfering blood components such as platelets and whole blood cells.
(19) The toxins all create pores in the cell membrane of target cells leading to eventual cell lysis and they appear to require Ca2+ for cytotoxic activity.
(20) A state of net secretory fluid flux was induced in isolated jejunal loops in weanling pigs by adding theophylline or cholera toxin to the lumen of the isolated loops.
Venom
Definition:
(n.) Matter fatal or injurious to life; poison; particularly, the poisonous, the poisonous matter which certain animals, such as serpents, scorpions, bees, etc., secrete in a state of health, and communicate by thing or stinging.
(1) Addition of phospholipase A2 from Vipera russelli venom led to a significant increase in the activity of guanylate cyclase in various rat organs.
(2) Four new monochain phospholipases were purified from the Oxyuranus scutellatus (taipan) venom.
(3) The antibodies were used for identifying cross-reacting proteins in individual C. s. scutulatus and other Crotalus venoms and to isolate Mojave toxin.
(4) Analysis of the product by equilibrium density centrifugation and processive hydrolysis with snake venom phosphodiesterase suggested that the noncomplementary nucleotides were present in phosphodiester linkage.
(5) The structure of the oligonucleotide-adenylate was determined by enzymatic digestion with base-nonspecific nuclease and venom phosphodiesterase.
(6) Admission venom levels also correlated with the extent of local swelling and the occurrence of tissue necrosis at the site of the bite.
(7) omega-Conotoxin GVIA is a peptide purified from the venom of the marine snail, Conus geographus, that specifically blocks voltage-sensitive calcium channels in neurons.
(8) The potential use of ancrod, a purified isolate from the venom of the Malaysian pit viper, Agkistrodon rhodostoma, in decreasing the frequency of cyclic flow variations in severely stenosed canine coronary arteries and causing thrombolysis of an acute coronary thrombus induced by a copper coil was evaluated.
(9) We developed a continuous spectrophotometric assay of the phospholipase A2 activity specific for choline plasmalogen using rat liver lysoplasmalogenase and horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase as coupling enzymes and Naja naja venom phospholipase A2 as a source of the phospholipase A2 activity.
(10) Two polypeptides (protein S5C1 and toxin S5C10) were purified from Dendroaspis jamesoni kaimosae venom.
(11) Weighed amounts of lyophilized venom from each snake were compared chronologically for variation in isoelectric focusing patterns, using natural and immobilized gradients.
(12) The presence of proteins antigenically related to Bothrops asper myotoxins in various snake venoms, mainly from South America, was investigated by using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies.
(13) Phospholipase A2 from cobra venom (Naja naja naja) is a homogeneous, heat-stable enzyme that has a monomer molecular weight of only 11,000 and contains one histidine and one tryptophan residue.
(14) Surprisingly, whole-rat envenomation, using very large doses of venom, produced little dye leakage even though obvious symptoms of neurotoxic action were observed.
(15) Most double-helical segments were reactive to cobra venom ribonuclease to some degree; the exceptions were the five "long-range" helices that are probably compactly folded within the structure.
(16) Phospholipase A2 has been purified from the venom of Horned viper (Cerastes cerastes) by gel permeation chromatography followed by reverse-phase HPLC.
(17) Protamine sulphate in vitro antagonized anticoagulant properties but did not protect mice from toxic envenomation; because venom was also neurotoxic and showed a curare like effect at the neuromuscular junction.
(18) Only the enzyme from Naja naja naja (cobra) venom was found to be activated significantly by phosphorylcholine-containing compounds when hydrolyzing phosphatidylethanolamine.
(19) Factor X activator of Vipera russelli venom and esterase of T. mucrosquamatus venom did not have any effect on prothrombin.
(20) IgE antibodies from patients allergic to Vespula usually cross-react with V. crabro venom.