(n.) The act, art, or practice of vaccinating, or inoculating with the cowpox, in order to prevent or mitigate an attack of smallpox. Cf. Inoculation.
Example Sentences:
(1) We were able to detect genetic recombination between vaccine strains of PRV following in vitro or in vivo coinoculation of 2 strains of PRV.
(2) Attempts are now being made to use this increased understanding to produce effective killed vaccines that produce immune responses in the lung.
(3) We have measured the antibody specificities to the two polysaccharides in sera from asymptomatic group C meningococcal carriers and vaccinated adults by a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure using methylated human serum albumin for coating the group C polysaccharide onto microtiter plates.
(4) The simultaneous administration of the yellow fever vaccine did not influence the titre of agglutinins induced by the classic cholera vaccine.
(5) Before carrier vaccines are applied, these risks must be thoroughly evaluated case-by-case.
(6) Whole-virus vaccines prepared by Merck Sharp and Dohme (West Point, Pa.) and Merrell-National Laboratories (Cincinnati, Ohio) and subunit vaccines prepared by Parke, Davis and Company (Detroit, Mich.) and Wyeth Laboratories (Philadelphia, Pa.) were given intramuscularly in concentrations of 800, 400, or 200 chick cell-agglutinating units per dose.
(7) The prophylactic effect of immunization with P. aeruginosa polyvalent corpuscular vaccine has been shown on the model of P. aeruginosa generalized chronic infection in mice with leukopenia induced by the intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamids.
(8) The data support inclusion of these residues in future CS protein vaccines.
(9) By vaccinating adult dogs in boarding kennels the morbidity rate dropped from 83.5% to 6.5% and the mortality rate from 4.1% to 0.5%.
(10) It is clear that before general release of a new living feline infectious enteritis vaccine, there must be satisfactory evidence that concurrent infection will not affect the safety of the modified antigen.In cats infected with feline infectious enteritis there appears to be a short period, coinciding with the onset of leucopaenia, during which they are highly infectious.
(11) The combination vaccine consisted of 12 Lf tetanus toxoid and 10 TCID50 vaccinia virus "MVA" preserved with gelatine and glucosamine.
(12) We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a conjugate vaccine that links the H. influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide to the outer-membrane protein complex (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B.
(13) The litter size of vaccinated gilts was larger than that of the control gilts.
(14) The SNT and the I-ELISA indicated that the pigs responded to vaccination and challenge.
(15) The value of benefit-risk, benefit-cost, and cost-effectiveness analyses lies not in providing the definitive basis for a decision on vaccine use or evaluation.
(16) Injection of about four ImD 50 of vaccine intracerebrally produced a local immunity, resulting in an immediate kill of challenge organisms given 14 days later.
(17) For the purpose of studying the role of elastase and protease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bacterial infection in burns, the effects of the vaccines made from each enzyme, their toxoids and OEP on protection against infection in burned mice were studied.
(18) No vaccination reactions were noted, although most birds involved in the trials were carrying Mycoplasma spp.
(19) Serum from piglets of vaccinated sows had no more bactericidal activity than did sera from non-vaccinated sows.
(20) The purpose of this study was to investigate a tumor cell vaccine delivered via peripheral lymphatics as maintenance therapy after induction of remission with chemotherapy.
Variolation
Definition:
(n.) Inoculation with smallpox.
Example Sentences:
(1) With smallpox, the variolation (since 1730) gave first relief, until Sir Edward Jenner discovered in 1798 the highly successful cross-immunity through vaccination.
(2) Smallpox vaccination was known as variolation before the modern practice of vaccination with cowpox (Vaccinia) was demonstrated in 1796.
(3) Man's first attempt to immunize susceptibles against smallpox infection was by variolation, a practice which could be traced back several thousand years.
(4) Variolation is an ancient method of protection against naturally acquired smallpox that was officially proscribed in the early 1950s but was renewed in remote areas when smallpox vaccination activities were interrupted during the three-year famine of 1959-1962, following the "great leap forward" program of 1958.
(5) The last known cases occurred in 1965, and the practice of variolation is now believed to be extinct.
(6) The health authorities responded by capturing the variolators, confiscating their variolation material and equipment, and vaccinating the population.
(7) Fear of smallpox provoked the first important attempts to prevent epidemic disease by a primitive form of immunization called variolation.
(8) All were among persons who had been variolated or were their close contacts.
(9) It is ironic that smallpox became an epidemic pestilence upon the growth of populations, yet it played a major role in preventing population growth until variolation and vaccination became common.
(10) It was found that the variolators in Shanxi Province and Nei Monggol Autonomous Region inoculated persons with the use of powdered smallpox scabs mixed with human milk, and that they obtained fresh supplies of scabs every 6-12 months by variolating relatives and friends.
(11) Smallpox existed in Romania since the 17th century, when both variolation and vaccinia were used for preventing the disease.
(12) Tissot's influence manifested itself also in the early introduction of variolation.