What's the difference between vanillic and vanillin?
Vanillic
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, vanilla or vanillin; resembling vanillin; specifically, designating an alcohol and an acid respectively, vanillin being the intermediate aldehyde.
Example Sentences:
(1) It demethylates veratric acid to a mixture of vanillic and isovanillic acids.
(2) Investigations of renal functionas well as catecholamine and vanil-mandelic acid urinary excretion were normal.
(3) In contrary to hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives the contents of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, salicylic and gentisic acid) mostly were small.
(4) Furthermore hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (salicylic, gentisic and vanillic acid) occur in cornsalad, sweet fennel, parsley and spinach in small concentrations; cornsalad shows p-hydroxybenzoic acid (ca.
(5) The four Aspergillus species contained vanillate-inducible protocatechuate-3,4-dioxygenase and catechol-1,2-dioxygenase activities.
(6) For the following constituents an increased urinary excretion is observed: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxyhippuric acid, vanillic acid, homovanillic acid, 4-hydroxymandelic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpropionic acid and p-cresol.
(7) Protocatechuate, gentisate, and hydroquinone were not affected by vanillate-metabolizing mycelial pellets that readily degraded methoxyhydroquinone.
(8) Resting-cell suspensions of Serratia marcescens were able to convert, quantitatively, 0.3% vanillin to vanillic acid.
(9) The identification of VA in the human brain suggests that the vanillic acid of the cerebrospinal fluid originates, at least in part, from the catecholamines in the brain.
(10) 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylbenzoic (vanillic) acid was previously shown to be one of the endogenous metabolites of adrenaline and noradrenaline.
(11) When grown on vanillate, the bacteria contained a NAD+ -dependent dehydrogenase converting GGE to a 355 nm absorbing product.
(12) Vanillate esters with multifunctional groups the react with metal oxides to give chain-extended molecules have been synthesized.
(13) The authors discuss other possible origins of vanillic acid besides the noradrenaline catabolism of dopamine.
(14) It was determined that the ZnO-containing cements--which include zinc phosphate, zinc polycarboxylate, zinc oxide eugenol, and zinc hexyl vanillate--each caused C3 conversion, indicative of complement activation.
(15) Candida albicans utilized 14C (ring) labelled dehydropolymer of coniferyl alcohol, 14C-teakwood lignin and indulin and released p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and catechol as by products from lignin.
(16) chinensis completely metabolized vanillic acid while good transformation was obtained with Absidia spinosa, Cunninghamella bainieri, Mucor bacilliformis, Mucor plumbeus, Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Syncephalastrum racemosum and Zygorhynchus moelleri.
(17) Salicyclic and gentisic acid were found in traces up to 2 mg per kg, occassionally vanillic acid, syringic acid or isoferulic acid.
(18) Chicks fed 0.5% vanillin, 0.5% vanillic acid, 0.5% ferulic acid, or 0.5% p-coumaric acid had comparable cytochromes level and activity compared with chicks fed no phenolics.
(19) Eight experiments were conducted to determine effects of a phenolic polymer (Kraft wood lignin, Indulin), phenolic glycosides (cane molasses and wood molasses), and phenolic monomers (vanillin, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid) on liver cytochromes P-450, cytochrome b5, and NADPH cytochrome c reductase in chicks and rats.
(20) Taloximine shortened the duration of the loss of righting reflex in mice due to hexobarbitone more effectively than bemegride, nikethamide or vanillic acid diethylamide.6.
Vanillin
Definition:
(n.) A white crystalline aldehyde having a burning taste and characteristic odor of vanilla. It is extracted from vanilla pods, and is also obtained by the decomposition of coniferin, and by the oxidation of eugenol.
Example Sentences:
(1) Because vanillin is a food additive on the GRAS (generally regarded as safe) list, and because it has little or no adverse effects at high dosages in animals, vanillin is a candidate for further evaluation as an agent for the treatment of sickle cell disease.
(2) Among 7 derivatives of omicron-vanillin, 2-hydroxy-3-ethoxy-benzaldehyde, omicron-hydroxybenzaldehyde and m-methoxybenzaldehyde showed an enhancing effect on MNNG-induced mutagenesis.
(3) Vanillin showed no change in the absence of activity of H2O2 to induce mutations.
(4) The metabolism of vanillin, isovanillin and the corresponding alcohols and acids in rats was investigated using t.l.c., g.l.c.
(5) The procedure has been adapted to the analysis of other products including domestic vanilla extracts and imitation vanilla flavorings for vanillin, ethyl vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and piperonal.
(6) X-ray-induced breakage-type and exchange-type chromosome aberrations were suppressed by the vanillin treatment in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and a greater decrease in the number of X-ray-induced chromosome aberrations during G1 holding was observed in the presence of vanillin.
(7) The relative incidence of bacteria utilizing vanillin, syringic acid or protocatechuic acid as the only carbon sources increased in the enriched medium.
(8) Simple phenolic compounds such as phenol, 3-methoxycatechol, catechol and vanillin were identified as the precursors of the genotoxic substances.
(9) The aldehyde substituent of vanillin was metabolized by routes which were dependent upon both the acetogen and a co-metabolizable substrate (e.g.
(10) The post-treatment with vanillin during the mutation expression time of cells after treatment with EMS also showed an enhancement of the frequency of mutations induced by EMS.
(11) Thin-layer chromatography was performed on Merck silica gel and the spray reagent was iodine or vanillin.
(12) Administration of vanillin decreased the ENU-induced frequency of recessive carrier pups.
(13) VMA is oxidized to vanillin, which is purified by toluene extraction and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography.
(14) Vanillin was also effective on SCEs induced by EMS, ENNG, ENU or MNU.
(15) The three sulfate reducers oxidized up to 7 mM vanillin and up to 4 mM p-anisaldehyde.
(16) A screening method is described for urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy mandelic acid using an initial ion exchange procedure, vanillin formation and extraction into toluene.
(17) Vanillin acts as an anticlastogenic factor in vivo.
(18) The Swiss biotech company Evolva produces synthetically derived vanillin believed to be entering the food supply, though the end users have not been made public.
(19) Manganese peroxidase (MnP) oxidized 1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy) -1,3-dihydroxypropane (I) in the presence of MnII and H2O2 to yield 1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)- 2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-oxo-3-hydroxypropane (II), 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (III), 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-dihydroxybenzene (IV), 2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)-3-hydroxypropanal (V), syringaldehyde (VI), vanillyl alcohol (VII), and vanillin (VIII).
(20) Vanillin was lower, whereas para-coumaric acid was higher, in normal genotypes than in brown midrib mutants.