(v. t.) To do away with wholly; to annul; to make void; -- said of laws, customs, institutions, governments, etc.; as, to abolish slavery, to abolish folly.
(v. t.) To put an end to, or destroy, as a physical objects; to wipe out.
Example Sentences:
(1) One hundred and twenty-seven states have said with common voice that their security is directly threatened by the 15,000 nuclear weapons that exist in the arsenals of nine countries, and they are demanding that these weapons be prohibited and abolished.
(2) Oxyhaemoglobin (4 microns at 0.35 ml.min-1) infused into the tracheal circulation almost abolished the responses to bradykinin and methacholine.
(3) This difference was abolished by exposure of the slices to propranolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist.
(4) Hexamethonium abolished vasodilatation in the hindquarters vascular bed only.
(5) The asthma group's fall in FEV1 was also abolished.
(6) When nifedipine was combined with ouabain the elevation of vascular resistance was completely abolished.
(7) Ultraviolet difference spectrophotometry indicates that the inactivated enzyme retains its capacity for binding the nucleotide substrates whereas the spectral perturbation characteristic of 3-phosphoglycerate binding is abolished in the modified enzyme.
(8) In contrast, methysergide, ketanserin and 6-OHDA abolished the antisecretory effect of morphine.
(9) L-NAME abolished B contractions in a dose-dependent fashion.
(10) In contrast, castration during pseudopregnancy did not abolish the secondary peaks.
(11) After methylene blue, the gradient in resting potential across the circular layer was greatly reduced or abolished.
(12) The twitches elicited by 0.1 msec pulses were abolished by tetrodotoxin, but were not reduced by dimethyltubocurarine or by hexamethonium.
(13) Exposure to alloxan completely abolished insulin response to 20 mM arginine, 1.6 mM glucose, and 11.1 mM glucose.
(14) Incubation of sensitized bladder tissue with indomethacin led to an increased force and duration of the contraction while incubation with nordihydroguaiaretic acid combined with pyrilamine reduced histamine release and abolished the contraction.
(15) A 4 base pair mutation in the enhancer sequence shown previously to abolish activity in vivo [Boulet, A. M., Erwin, C. R., & Rutter, W. J.
(16) Nocturnal ST segment changes were abolished in six patients on atenolol, in six patients on nifedipine, and in five patients on isosorbide mononitrate.
(17) This established that the Gly----Glu substitution at amino acid 142 is sufficient to abolish enzymatic activity and to result in the chylomicronemia syndrome observed in these patients.
(18) The detergent lauryl maltoside abolishes respiratory control and proton ejection by cytochrome c oxidase-containing proteoliposomes over a narrow concentration range.
(19) Furthermore, even the action of Lys-5 on the Pseudomonas OM was abolished when the assays were performed in the presence of 150 mM NaCl instead of the low-ionic strength buffer earlier used by investigators studying the effect of polycations on the Pseudomonas OM.
(20) Finally, the uptake was completely abolished by prior mechanical or osmotic destruction of the intima.
Reinforce
Definition:
(v. t.) See Reenforce, v. t.
(n.) See Reenforce, n.
Example Sentences:
(1) This observation, reinforced by simultaneous determinations of cortisol levels in the internal spermatic and antecubital veins, practically excluded the validity of the theory of adrenal hormonal suppression of testicular tissues.
(2) He said: "Monetary policy affects the exchange rate – which in turn can offset or reinforce our exposure to rising import prices.
(3) "These developments are clearly unwarranted on the basis of economic and budgetary fundamentals in these two member states and the steps that they are taking to reinforce those fundamentals."
(4) In the first, a technique for establishing an effective reinforcer from a range of possible reinforcing stimuli was evaluated.
(5) This procedure generated a number of VI-like effects, supporting the notion that VI behavior can be construed as a special case of an interaction between the organism's function relating reinforcement susceptibilities to chain length and the experimenter's function relating probabilities of reinforcement to chain length.
(6) The present results suggest that the locomotor-stimulatory and positive reinforcing effects of ethanol as well as its enhancing effect on dopaminergic activity may involve an enhancement of calcium mediated mechanisms.
(7) Further, the use of food as a reinforcer has been considered taboo by those who use more conventional and restrictive management approaches with Prader-Willi syndrome individuals.
(8) The latter findings reinforce the concept that in pathologic states associated with cerebral oedema, pinocytotic vesicles fuse to form transendothelial channels which transport plasma proteins into brain.
(9) Behavioral variables, including interreinforcement interval and drug self-administration history, appear to be important determinants of whether or not reinforcement will be demonstrated, particularly among the benzodiazepines; but the range of conditions under which behavioral and pharmacological variables interact to promote or lessen the likelihood of self-administration of these drugs remains to be determined experimentally.
(10) In a recent study, Orr and Lanzetta (1984) showed that the excitatory properties of fear facial expressions previously described (Lanzetta & Orr, 1981; Orr & Lanzetta, 1980) do not depend on associative mechanisms; even in the absence of reinforcement, fear faces intensify the emotional reaction to a previously conditioned stimulus and disrupt extinction of an acquired fear response.
(11) The reinforcement portion of the surgical drape that contained the fenestration was segmented into four identical-appearing sections, two on each side of the fenestration.
(12) These results indicate that auditory localization behavior of infants is influenced by reinforcement and that the extent of this effect is related to the type of reinforcement employed.
(13) The interresponse-time reinforcement contingencies inherent in these schedules may actually mask the effects of overall reinforcement rate; thus differences in response rate as a function of reinforcement rate when interresponse-time reinforcement is eliminated may be underestimated.
(14) Two experiments reported the effects of prefeeding normal and septal rats prior to their daily sessions on a differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL-20) schedule.
(15) Specimens of human bone from the site exhibited lower strontium levels and strontium-to-calcium ratios than deer specimens from the same site, reinforcing paleodemographic evidence that the human populations that inhabited this site included substantial amounts of meat in their diets.
(16) It is suggested that serotoninergic mechanisms in case of changes in activity of cholinergic processes, depress the system of positive reinforcement.
(17) A yeast protein, Sui3, isolated as an extragenic suppressor of his4 initiation codon mutations, exhibits extensive sequence identity with human eIF-2 beta, especially in the polylysine and zinc finger domains, thereby reinforcing the view that these elements are important for function.
(18) Pedestrianising areas in the city centre, reinforcing police and security.
(19) A visually reinforced headturn discrimination procedure was used to determine sensitivity to increments in peak F0 in synthetic speech in both bisyllabic (CVCVC) and trisyllabic (CVCVCVC) contexts.
(20) When reinforcement for competing behavior was withdrawn, however, rats resumed their original behavior and there were no overall savings in total responses to extinction.