(n.) The act or practice of abstaining; voluntary forbearance of any action, especially the refraining from an indulgence of appetite, or from customary gratifications of animal or sensual propensities. Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating beverages, -- called also total abstinence.
(n.) The practice of self-denial by depriving one's self of certain kinds of food or drink, especially of meat.
Example Sentences:
(1) The clinical usefulness of neonatal narcotic abstinence scales is reviewed, with special reference to their application in treatment.
(2) Within a treatment program, the use of various kinds of assessment methods and treatment modalities did not appear to be closely associated with the endorsement of abstinence vs nonabstinence treatment goals.
(3) In 227 smokers' clinic clients who managed at least one week of abstinence, ratings of withdrawal symptoms were used to predict subsequent return to smoking.
(4) Focus in this discussion is on the following: 1) female sterilization -- laparotomy, minilaparotomy, and colpotomy; endoscopic sterilization techniques; transcervical approaches to female sterilization; systemic nonsurgical female sterilization; and reversible techniques of female sterilization; 2) abortion -- pregnancy testing, long-term effects; and 3) systemic contraceptives -- steroidal contraception; locally active methods; vaginal foams, creams, and jellies; the diaphragm and other intravaginal barriers; IUDs; and periodic abstine nce.
(5) The convulsive episodes had several maxima during the abstinence period.
(6) The urinary HOP ratio immediately after abstinence from smoking was proportional to the mean daily number of cigarettes smoked in the past.
(7) Nine completed a 7-week trial, and eight maintained abstinence for at least 1 month as outpatients.
(8) All of these involve detection of the time of ovulation combined with abstinence during the fertile period of the cycle.
(9) In the light of these findings, our results suggest that the mechanism of aminoglycoside-induced inhibition of morphine abstinence may be related to the capacity of these antibiotics to block N-type calcium channels, and to decrease neuronal calcium availability.
(10) Infants prenatally exposed to narcotics become passively addicted in-utero and may undergo neonatal abstinence at birth.
(11) Each of 12 male habitual smokers with coronary artery disease was given dipyridamole (75 mg) and aspirin (324 mg), dipyridamole (75 mg) and placebo for aspirin, or a placebo for each drug 3 times daily for 1 week before each of three 20-minute periods (separated by 2 weeks) of smoking 2 cigarettes after a 12-hour period of abstinence.
(12) Orthostatic hypotension may also be observed in alcoholics during continuing abstinence from alcohol; in some of these patients failure of reflex noradrenaline release in response to standing may contribute to orthostatic hypotension.
(13) Naloxone, naltrexone, and cyclazocine precipitated abstinence syndrome which the animals generally controlled with increased morphine intake.
(14) From the viewpoint of behavioral biology, however, the method of periodic abstinence is not obviously natural.
(15) Abstinence phenomena largely disappeared within 10 days of discontinuation.
(16) The HDL2 mass concentration decreased significantly already during two abstinent days the decline continuing until the 8th day.
(17) The pharmacodynamic changes induced by smoking were generally most pronounced after the first cigarette following 10 hours' abstinence.
(18) Former users of alcohol, cigarettes, or illegal drugs achieved remarkable abstinence records.
(19) The WBC count showed only a small increase with longer abstinence periods.
(20) Alterations in ERP components, when they did occur, occurred under the acute influence of ethanol, as well as in abstinent chronic alcoholics.
Pioneer
Definition:
(n.) A soldier detailed or employed to form roads, dig trenches, and make bridges, as an army advances.
(n.) One who goes before, as into the wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow; as, pioneers of civilization; pioneers of reform.
(v. t. & i.) To go before, and prepare or open a way for; to act as pioneer.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is the combination of his company's pan-African and industrialist vision – reminiscent of the aspirations of African independence pioneers like Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah – and its relentless financial growth that has set Dangote apart.
(2) Pioneers (41% of Britons) are global, networked, like innovation and believe in the importance of ethics.
(3) That's right, centuries of political columnists owe their careers to the pioneering efforts of Davy, Davy Crockett, the king of the wild frontier.
(4) Deputy Commissioner Catherine Burn ran the counter-terrorism operation under Task Force Pioneer, which was led by assistant commissioner Mark Murdoch, who reports to Burn.
(5) In this article the results of studies on the relationship between anaphylaxis and CNS, performed by both pioneers and contemporary investigators, are briefly reviewed.
(6) For example, where 2 longitudinal tracts are pioneered independently in grasshopper, only one is formed in Drosophila.
(7) At a time when the intrauterine diagnosis of hydrocephalus is commonplace and pioneering efforts of antenatal therapy are evolving, review of the chronology of treatment of this disorder becomes pertinent.
(8) Since acetylcholine (ACh) was identified as a neurotransmitter at parasympathetic nerve terminals by pioneering pharmacologists such as O. Schmiedeberg, R. Hunt, O. Loewi and H.H.
(9) The road to gaining nearly 1.2 billion monthly active users has seen the mums, dads, aunts and uncles of the generation who pioneered Facebook join it too, spamming their walls with inspirational quotes and images of cute animals, and (shock, horror) commenting on their kids' photos.
(10) But Olney wanted to be an artist and he set off for Paris, where he found himself a garret in which he could make portraits and a new life among friends, lovers and acquaintances that included the black American writer and civil rights pioneer James Baldwin, WH Auden and, distantly, Edith Piaf, whom he saw sing Je ne Regrette Rien for the first time at the Olympia theatre.
(11) He was a pioneer sexologist, demographer, and sportsman and an early Zionist.
(12) Their pioneering studies led to the continuing discoveries of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and today's considerable knowledge concerning the molecular identity of antigens and further consolidation of ANA.
(13) The move signals a change for Democrats , who have traditionally shied away from gun control in a state with a pioneer tradition of gun ownership.
(14) Seven health habits, commonly referred to as the "Alameda 7," were shown to be associated with physical health status and mortality in a pioneer longitudinal study initiated in 1965 in Alameda County, CA.
(15) In a speech to the United Nations , Hu will declare that China is ready to pioneer a new low-carbon path of development, make a commitment to increase forest cover and pledge financial support for poorer nations to adapt to global warming, according to a source close to his delegation.
(16) Their growth cones pioneer a stereotyped pathway through the limb which becomes the route of one of the major leg nerve trunks.
(17) Just as the National Institute for Care and Health Excellence was the global pioneer for assessing new drugs and treatments in the last decade, London should become the pioneer for digital health technology assessments in the decade ahead.
(18) We, in the infection control field, are quality pioneers in hospitals.
(19) It is widely accepted that Sir James Young Simpson discovered the anaesthetic properties of chloroform and pioneered its application in surgery and midwifery.
(20) From its earliest days, Facebook has navigated – even pioneered – the territory around privacy, and how we express our personal identities online.