(1) Acclimation to 10 degrees C or 30 degrees C resulted in large differences in the dimensions of villi.
(2) Therefore, the hypothesis of a fetal sensori-neural hearing loss due to oxygen lack was tested in the following animal models: a) Adult cats to which feline red blood cells were infused thus causing a polycythemia similar to fetal conditions; b) Adult rats acclimated to altitude in a hypobaric chamber, inducing erythropoiesis with elevated hematocrit and hemoglobin; c) Neonatal guinea pigs and goats studied when they were less than 12 hours old so that the fetal compensatory mechanisms were still present.
(3) Thermogenic response to noradrenaline was markedly increased in cold-acclimated brown adipocytes, while it was reduced in heat-acclimated ones.
(4) Adult males acclimated to an LD 14:10 photoperiod were distributed in five experimental groups: intact controls (NO), sham-pinealectomized (S), sham-pinealectomized with black plastic shielding of the pineal region, pinealectomized (PX), and pinealectomized with the operated region shielded.
(5) In the cold-acclimated rats acute cold exposure increased k as well as turnover rate, but not acute immobilization stress.
(6) No or only a slight increase in sweating activity was observed following the acclimation procedures with face fanning, whereas similar procedures without face fanning had resulted in substantial enhancement of sweating activity in most of the cases, which had been attributed mainly to adaptive changes in central sudomotor activity (as indicated by a shift of the regression line relating Fsw to Tb).
(7) G. cahawbensis cytosol malate dehydrogenase activity increased significantly with increasing acclimation temperature, while G. cochliaris malate dehydrogenase activity remained unchanged.
(8) In hypoxia-acclimated guinea pigs, specific VE was 30% higher than that of control animals due to an elevation in VT; however, VO2 was similar in both groups of animals.
(9) The results of these experiments suggest that the enhanced cold-tolerance of diabetic cold-acclimated rats could be related to the increased sympathetic activity and enhanced insulin sensitivity in thermogenic tissues, such as brown fat.
(10) This species preferred a higher temperature than its acclimation temperature for those acclimation temperatures ranging from 6 degrees to 26 degrees C. When acclimated to 30 degrees and 33 degrees C, the crayfish preferred a lower temperature than its acclimation temperature.
(11) It was suggested that the extent of participation of these factors was not necessarily the same between the cold-acclimated and the stressed organisms.
(12) Maximal response in total epididymal fat cells to noradrenaline was increased in cold acclimation and not changed in heat acclimation at increased numbers of adipocytes in both cold-acclimated and heat-acclimated animals.
(13) NA-induced increase in the plasma NEFA level was less in extent in cold-acclimated rats than in warm-adapted ones.
(14) The role of the rabbit's ear in cold acclimation was studied by varying the temperature of a climatic room in the range from -10 to +30 degrees C; The skin temperature in a nonanesthetized rabbit's ear showed a characteristic response to changes in ambient temperatures; plotting the ear temperature against the ambient temperature yielded an S-shaped curve.
(15) In accordance with data taken from literature, this finding suggests a compensatory enhancement of in vivo protein synthesis to occur in trout during cold acclimation.
(16) To investigate the role of neurohumoral factors in acclimation of mussel muscle to a lowered salinity, studies have been made on the reaction of the intact mussel muscle and that of isolated muscle to change in the salinity from 26% to 10%.
(17) Lugworms, Arenicola marina (L.), acclimatized at 16-17 degrees C, were acclimated at temperatures between 5.3 and 25.7 degrees C for 96 h. Whereas in vitro Arenicola blood behaves like a Rosenthal system, in vivo prebranchial blood does not: the higher the acclimation temperature, the lower the pHv and [HCO3]V, PVCO2, remaining practically constant.
(18) In acclimated dehydrated rats, CO distribution to thermoregulatory areas did not change while perfusion of the splanchnic area decreased.
(19) In the hamster, heat acclimation reduces liver weight more than it does body weight.
(20) The above findings suggest that skeletal muscle Mb may be partly involved in an enhanced thermogenesis in cold acclimation by favouring an oxidative capacity of muscles.
Harden
Definition:
(v. t.) To make hard or harder; to make firm or compact; to indurate; as, to harden clay or iron.
(v. t.) To accustom by labor or suffering to endure with constancy; to strengthen; to stiffen; to inure; also, to confirm in wickedness or shame; to make unimpressionable.
(v. i.) To become hard or harder; to acquire solidity, or more compactness; as, mortar hardens by drying.
(v. i.) To become confirmed or strengthened, in either a good or a bad sense.
Example Sentences:
(1) Osmotically treated red cells, red cells partially hardened with increasing glutaraldehyde concentrations, and mixtures of normal and hardened red cells were used to test the method.
(2) "But if public opposition to further austerity measures hardens, the Greek government could find it even tougher to put the public finances back on a sustainable footing."
(3) It's not as if they were once tolerant and have hardened their hearts as they've grown older.
(4) Insertion of an adequate approximate amalgam filling and its finish after hardening is one of the basic preventive measures in marginal periodontopathies.
(5) Hardened skin was markedly altered physiologically.
(6) A comparison was made of the kinetics of the carboxylation reaction of bicarbonate-magnesium-activated ribulose biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase purified from cold-hardened and unhardened winter rye (Secale cereale L. cv.
(7) Rarely has there been a potential presidential candidate so battle-hardened and ready for combat.
(8) With its huge corps of jihadists hardened by years of fighting in Kashmir, it is arguably too big to confront at a time when Pakistan is battling the TTP.
(9) However, several systematic errors of the method have to be considered, such as the influence of fat present in the spongiosa in varying concentrations as well as beam hardening effects and different calibration methods.
(10) It is the sort of malevolent onslaught that has caused many hardened media pundits to quake.
(11) Values of elongation were more than 10% even after hardening heat treatment.
(12) It’s not an entirely controversy-free choice, considering that Harden hasn’t been a starter for more than two seasons, doesn’t have the best track record as far as being a team player goes and at times has been bad enough on defense that you could make an entire YouTube playlist devoted entirely to clips of him failing to make any defensive effort whatsoever.
(13) Compared to conventional CT, the new system should significantly improve contrast resolution of the image and provide better image quantification because of its lack of beam-hardening effects and its efficient implementation of energy-selective imaging methods such as dual-photon absorptiometry and K-edge subtraction with high-atomic-number (high-Z) contrast-enhancement elements.
(14) An earlier debt sustainability analysis was leaked in the days leading up to the Greek referendum and helped harden opposition to the (less draconian) terms then on offer.
(15) He also signalled a change in policy on welfare, hardening Labour’s opposition to the government’s welfare reforms, by pledging to oppose the cap on the total amount of benefits that a person can receive.
(16) The effects of DMSO and cooling on fertilization are likely to be due to zona hardening by cortical granule release and to disorganization of the egg cytoskeleton and plasma membrane.
(17) When present during the egg activation process monodansylcadaverine (MDC-a fluorescent lysine analog) inhibits eggshell hardening and at the same time becomes covalently incorporated into the eggshell.
(18) In rigor control, crossbridges were most regular in muscles that were stabilized before freezing by prefixation in glutaraldehyde followed by 'hardening' with neutralized tannic acid, so all nucleotide treatments were terminated by such fixation.
(19) It main advantage lies in the screening of arterial diseases (very reproductable and sensitive), monitoring of the treatment (unrelated to the operator), study of hardened arteries (diabetes).
(20) Evidence from several sources indicate that the catalytic action of the peroxidase is responsible for hardening the FE through the phenolic coupling of tyrosyl residues of the FE proteins.