(a.) Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-tempered.
(a.) Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.
(n.) A sour substance.
(n.) One of a class of compounds, generally but not always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the power of destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time losing their own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more generally with oxygen, and take their names from this negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.
Example Sentences:
(1) The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence contained both amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences.
(2) F(420) is photolabile aerobically in neutral and basic solutions, whereas the acid-stable chromophore is not photolabile under these conditions.
(3) The high amino acid levels in the cells suggest that these cells act as inter-organ transporters and reservoirs of amino acids, they have a different role in their handling and metabolism from those of mammals.
(4) If ascorbic acid was omitted from the culture medium, the extensive new connective tissue matrix was not produced.
(5) The interaction of the antibody with both the bacterial and the tissue derived polysialic acids suggests that the conformational epitope critical for the interaction is formed by both classes of compounds.
(6) Arachidic acid was without effect, while linoleic acid and linolenic acid were (on a concentration basis) at least 5-times less active than arachidonic acid.
(7) An unsaturated fatty acid auxotroph of Escherichia coli was grown with a series of cis-octadecenoate isomers in which the location of the double bond varied from positions 3 to 17.
(8) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
(9) After 4 to 6 hours of recirculation, accumulation of vasoactive amine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, and its precursor amino acid, tryptophan were detected.
(10) Spectrophotometric determination of the sulfhydryl content in the animal tissue before (control) and after using 6,6'-Dithiodinicotinic acid is applied.
(11) This death is also dependent on the presence of chloride and is prevented with the non-selective EAA antagonist, kynurenic acid, but is not prevented by QA.
(12) However, four of ten young adult outer arm (relatively sun-exposed) and one of ten young adult inner arm (relatively sun-protected) fibroblasts lines increased their saturation density in response to retinoic acid.
(13) Microionophoretically applied excitatory amino acids induced firing of extracellularly recorded single units in a tissue slice preparation of the mouse cochlear nucleus, and the similarly applied antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (2APV) was demonstrated to be a selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist.
(14) The LD50 of the following metal-binding chelating drugs, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), cyclohexanediaminotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) was evaluated in terms of mortality in rats after intraperitoneal administration and was found to be in the order: CDTA greater than EDTA greater than DTPA greater than TTHA greater than HEDTA.
(15) Estimations of the degree of incorporation of 14C from the radioactive labeled carbohydrate into the glycerol and fatty acid moieties were carried out.
(16) The second amino acid residue influences not only the rate of reaction but also the extent of formation of the product of the Amadori rearrangement, the ketoamine.
(17) Leumorphin is a 29-amino-acid peptide derived from preproenkephalin B. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)
(18) Hepatic lymph flow increased only after ethacrynic acid and mannitol administration.
(19) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(20) A phytochemical investigation of an ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Echites hirsuta (Apocynaceae) resulted in the isolation and identification of the flavonoids naringenin, aromadendrin (dihydrokaempferol), and kaempferol; the coumarin fraxetin; the triterpene ursolic acid; and the sterol glycoside sitosteryl glucoside.
Acidify
Definition:
(v. t.) To make acid; to convert into an acid; as, to acidify sugar.
(v. t.) To sour; to imbitter.
Example Sentences:
(1) All rats were examined in the conscious, unrestrained state 12 wk after induction of diabetes or acidified saline (pH 4.5) injection.
(2) they are shown to inhibit in vitro the release of iron from acidified host cell cytosol, consisting mostly of hemoglobin, a process that could provide this trace element to the parasite.
(3) This report describes the partial purification of an HMW renin from hog kidney extracts which had previously been acidified to pH 2.5.
(4) Hydrogen peroxide (1 mM) acidified pHi but no change occurred with 50 microM.
(5) One group of 6 cats was fed a basal, naturally acidifying diet without added acidifiers, and another group of 6 cats was fed 1.7% dietary phosphoric acid.
(6) The heat-deproteinated extract is acidified to pH 3.5-4 and directly analyzed by LC.
(7) Despite physiological differences, acidified milk replacer can be used successfully to raise Angora kids.
(8) The mean gastric pH of the acidified group was 3.2 compared with the group receiving regular feedings into the stomach (pH = 4.7) and the group receiving regular feedings into the duodenum (pH = 3.8) (p < .01).
(9) Aliquots of 24-h urine collections are acidified and applied to columns of Dowex 50W cation-exchange resin.
(10) Acidified Maalox 70 and Al(OH)3 were significantly more potent than unmodified agents against all four tested types of acute mucosal lesions, and this action was probably due to their 'mild irritant' effect as evidenced by extensive exfoliation of the surface epithelial cells observed microscopically after the exposure of the mucosa to these agents.
(11) Studies using a gastric chamber model demonstrated that sucralfate protected the rat gastric mucosa against hemorrhagic erosions induced by 40 percent ethanol and by acidified 80 mM sodium taurocholate.
(12) Samples are extracted with acidic chloroform, filtered through pre-acidified Hy-Flo Supercel, and cleaned up by acid-base partitioning.
(13) However, an important inhibitory effect in the most acidified fibres, cannot be excluded.
(14) The osteoclasts secrete a large amount of protons by the action of H(+)-pump on the ruffled border into the sealed resorption cavity, resulting in the acidified microenvironment under which condition the bone matrix is dissolved.
(15) With HCO3-CO2 present in the luminal bathing solution alone, proximal colon does not significantly acidify or alkalinize the serosal bathing solution.
(16) Quantitative results down to 2.0 micrograms cm-3 of Al in 0.5-cm-3 acidified samples are readily obtainable in standard 5-mm NMR tubes.
(17) Nigericin, an ionophore which acidifies the cytoplasm when cells are placed in medium at low pHe, was not toxic at pHe 6.5 or above but became very toxic as pHe was reduced below this value.
(18) Similar results were obtained when medium was acidified and chromatographed on Sephadex G-50.
(19) The acidified fetal bovine serum (FBS) produces a factor which inhibits the adipose differentiation of murine fibroblasts 3T3-F442A.
(20) Exposure to CO2 acidifies the cytosol of mitochondria-rich cells in turtle bladder epithelium.