(a.) Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-tempered.
(a.) Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.
(n.) A sour substance.
(n.) One of a class of compounds, generally but not always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the power of destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time losing their own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more generally with oxygen, and take their names from this negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.
Example Sentences:
(1) The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence contained both amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences.
(2) F(420) is photolabile aerobically in neutral and basic solutions, whereas the acid-stable chromophore is not photolabile under these conditions.
(3) The high amino acid levels in the cells suggest that these cells act as inter-organ transporters and reservoirs of amino acids, they have a different role in their handling and metabolism from those of mammals.
(4) If ascorbic acid was omitted from the culture medium, the extensive new connective tissue matrix was not produced.
(5) The interaction of the antibody with both the bacterial and the tissue derived polysialic acids suggests that the conformational epitope critical for the interaction is formed by both classes of compounds.
(6) Arachidic acid was without effect, while linoleic acid and linolenic acid were (on a concentration basis) at least 5-times less active than arachidonic acid.
(7) An unsaturated fatty acid auxotroph of Escherichia coli was grown with a series of cis-octadecenoate isomers in which the location of the double bond varied from positions 3 to 17.
(8) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
(9) After 4 to 6 hours of recirculation, accumulation of vasoactive amine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, and its precursor amino acid, tryptophan were detected.
(10) Spectrophotometric determination of the sulfhydryl content in the animal tissue before (control) and after using 6,6'-Dithiodinicotinic acid is applied.
(11) This death is also dependent on the presence of chloride and is prevented with the non-selective EAA antagonist, kynurenic acid, but is not prevented by QA.
(12) However, four of ten young adult outer arm (relatively sun-exposed) and one of ten young adult inner arm (relatively sun-protected) fibroblasts lines increased their saturation density in response to retinoic acid.
(13) Microionophoretically applied excitatory amino acids induced firing of extracellularly recorded single units in a tissue slice preparation of the mouse cochlear nucleus, and the similarly applied antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (2APV) was demonstrated to be a selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist.
(14) The LD50 of the following metal-binding chelating drugs, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), cyclohexanediaminotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) was evaluated in terms of mortality in rats after intraperitoneal administration and was found to be in the order: CDTA greater than EDTA greater than DTPA greater than TTHA greater than HEDTA.
(15) Estimations of the degree of incorporation of 14C from the radioactive labeled carbohydrate into the glycerol and fatty acid moieties were carried out.
(16) The second amino acid residue influences not only the rate of reaction but also the extent of formation of the product of the Amadori rearrangement, the ketoamine.
(17) Leumorphin is a 29-amino-acid peptide derived from preproenkephalin B. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)
(18) Hepatic lymph flow increased only after ethacrynic acid and mannitol administration.
(19) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(20) A phytochemical investigation of an ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Echites hirsuta (Apocynaceae) resulted in the isolation and identification of the flavonoids naringenin, aromadendrin (dihydrokaempferol), and kaempferol; the coumarin fraxetin; the triterpene ursolic acid; and the sterol glycoside sitosteryl glucoside.
Diacid
Definition:
(a.) Divalent; -- said of a base or radical as capable of saturating two acid monad radicals or a dibasic acid. Cf. Dibasic, a., and Biacid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Adsorption of bovine serum albumin and gamma-globulin increased when the membrane was grafted with poly(ethylene glycol)-diacid, but did not change when it was grafted with poly(ethylene glycol)-monoacid.
(2) The nasal explant-mediated metabolism of MMA and MMG to their corresponding diacids paralleled the increases in acid phosphatase release.
(3) Ramipril is a long-acting non-sulphydryl converting enzyme inhibitor that requires cleavage of its ester group to form the active diacid metabolite, ramiprilat.
(4) The inhibitory action of enalaprilat was abolished quickly by washing the aortic strip with drug-free solution, whereas that of CS-622 diacid was abolished only slowly.
(5) Incubation of human isolated bronchi with phosphoramidon or thiorphan (10-5M) or with enalapril diacid or captopril did not modify the leftward shift of the concentration-response curve for big ET-1 after epithelium removal.6.
(6) Enalapril maleate (MK-421), a nonmercapto-containing angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is converted in vivo to enalaprilat (MK-422), the active diacid.
(7) The structure skeleton consists of four parts, the naphthalene nucleus connected to the 5-membered ring, a 17-membered ring connected to C2, a dimethyl butane diacid extended out from C20, beta-D-3,4-OO' methylenedigitoxose passing through an oxygen bridge O6 and linked to C27 of ansa ring.
(8) Clinically, dicarboxylic acids have a cytotoxic effect on the abnormally hyperactive and malignant epidermal melanocyte, and diacids from C8 to C13 have been shown to inhibit mitochondrial oxidoreductases.
(9) Enalapril diacid (MK 422) also dose-dependently decreased 22Na effluxes but it was approximately 10 fold less active.
(10) MDL 27,210 administered iv to monkeys and dogs was rapidly and extensively (greater than 99.9%) metabolized, primarily to its diacid metabolite, MDL 27,088.
(11) Orally administered delapril is a prodrug and must be deesterified to its active metabolites, delapril diacid and 5-hydroxy delapril diacid.
(12) These diacid compounds were more active than enalaprilic acid or captopril.
(13) Binding of 125I MK351A to rat serum ACE was reduced in a concentration dependent manner in vitro by the ACE inhibitors MK521 (lisinopril), S9780, and Ro 31-3113-000 (Cilazapril diacid).
(14) The diacidic acids, glutamic and homocysteic, were more active than the amido-amino acids, glutamine and asparagine.
(15) Compared with other ACE inhibitors, which are mainly excreted through the kidney, the plasma concentration of the active diacid metabolite was hardly influenced by renal function.
(16) Normal cells in culture exposed to the same concentrations of the diacid that are toxic for tumoral cells are in general not damaged.
(17) Again, BPD-MA and BPD-MB proved to be measurably better than the diacid analogues.
(18) Evidence in support of the conclusion that the mutase and dehydrogenase reactions are catalyzed at two similar but distinct active sites comes from the following results: (1) A substrate analogue (endo-oxabicyclic diacid) that inhibits competitively the mutase reaction has no effect on the dehydrogenase reaction.
(19) The metabolism and biliary excretion of the diacid angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors enalapril, lisinopril, perindopril and ramipril have been studied in an isolated perfused rat liver model.
(20) FPL 63547, in its active diacid form, was a potent inhibitor of rabbit lung angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro (IC50 0.51 nM).