(n.) A substance added to an immunogenic agent to enhance the production of antibodies.
(n.) A substance added to a formulation of a drug which enhances the effect of the active ingredient.
(a.) Helping; helpful; assisting.
(n.) An assistant.
(n.) An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient.
Example Sentences:
(1) PMNs could be primed for PMA-triggered oxidative burst by muramyl peptide molecules (MDP) and two of its adjuvant active nonpyrogenic derivatives.
(2) Psychiatric morbidity is further increased when adjuvant chemotherapy is used and when treatment results in persistent arm pain and swelling.
(3) A young man being treated with primary adjuvant Adriamycin and DDP for osteogenic sarcoma is described who developed a gingival line which temporally was related to DDP administration.
(4) Adjuvant radiation therapy can often improve the results obtained with surgical excision alone.
(5) This result is equivalent to the best adjuvant chemotherapy results reported to date.
(6) This experimental study shows that vitamin A in high doses has an adjuvant effect, that is aggravating considerably the immunologic arthritis induced in the Wistar rat.
(7) The effects of gold thioglucose loading on Se distribution, and on Se-dependent GSH peroxidase and GSH S-transferase, were examined in rats fed three dietary levels of Se (0, 0.2, and 2.0 ppm), and with or without adjuvant-induced inflammation.
(8) They were given to volunteers by the subcutaneous route with and without the addition of Al (OH)3 as adjuvant.
(9) Despite use of surgical adjuvants, pelvic adhesions frequently develop following infertility surgery.
(10) Effective adjuvanticity as measured by the titre of the anti-peptide or anti-protein response in mice varied in the order: Algammulin, Montanide ISA 50 greater than or equal to Freund's adjuvant, Montanide ISA 708, 721, 70 much greater than alum, Squalene Arlacel greater than SAF-1.
(11) However, it remains clear that new and innovative techniques are necessary in the therapeutic, adjuvant, and palliative settings in the comprehensive care of the patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.
(12) Mice (C57BL) infected with the intestinal nematode Nematospiroides dubius showed depressed delayed type hypersensitivity responses to ovalbumin administered subcutaneously in Freund's complete adjuvant.
(13) The cells transferred were of three types, normal spleen cells, T cell-enriched spleen and lymph node cells from mice immunized with testis homogenate (TH) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and given an extract of Bordetella pertussis (BP) and the latter cells activated by in vitro culture with TH antigen for 48 h. Controls were given buffer alone.
(14) Embolization was considered an adjuvant procedure; carried out to reduce the size of the malformation or eliminate the deep arterial supply to it prior to excision.
(15) The fourth rabbit repeatedly developed a small abscess at the implantation site, but the lesions were less severe than complete Freund's adjuvant injection sites.
(16) Inbred strain 2 and random-bred guinea pigs injected oxazolone in incomplete or complete Freund's adjuvant showed contact reactions within an hour after topical application when tested 3 weeks post-sensititization.
(17) This paper reports on the incorporation of acid phosphatase histochemistry with a quantitative technique designed to measure the percentage of histochemically-localized enzyme-reactive cells found in adjuvant arthritic articular cartilage, synovial membrane and bone marrow.
(18) Disturbance of the arterial circulation in the ipsilateral upper limb following mastectomy is a rare sequel attributed to adjuvant radiotherapy.
(19) Of 10 patients presenting with Stage I disease, eight were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.
(20) The transfer of spleen cells from adjuvant cyclophosphamide-treated mice to tumor-inoculated normal mice significantly delayed tumor appearance when comparison was made with animals treated by operation alone, and such recipients also exhibited a more prolonged survival.
Auxiliary
Definition:
(a.) Conferring aid or help; helping; aiding; assisting; subsidiary; as auxiliary troops.
(n.) A helper; an assistant; a confederate in some action or enterprise.
(n.) Foreign troops in the service of a nation at war; (rarely in sing.), a member of the allied or subsidiary force.
(sing.) A verb which helps to form the voices, modes, and tenses of other verbs; -- called, also, an auxiliary verb; as, have, be, may, can, do, must, shall, and will, in English; etre and avoir, in French; avere and essere, in Italian; estar and haber, in Spanish.
(sing.) A quantity introduced for the purpose of simplifying or facilitating some operation, as in equations or trigonometrical formulae.
Example Sentences:
(1) We describe both the three supportive psychotherapeutic steps, which may last months to years including subsequent dynamically psychotherapeutic strategies as well as the reactions of the auxiliary therapist function on the students.
(2) The authors propose three regular procedures with which they are experienced: repair with a large retromuscular nonabsorbable synthetic tulle prosthesis for extensive epigastric eventrations, fillup aponeuroplasty using the sheath of the rectus abdominis associated with a premuscular patch in case of diastasis or of multiple superimposed orifices and suture associated with a small retromuscular auxiliary patch to treat small incisional hernias.
(3) We propose that exact definitions must be given for the auxiliary enzymes in the recommendations of standard determinations for enzyme activities.
(4) Consumers, dentists, dental students, dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental assistant trainees, and dental hygiene students in Massachusetts were surveyed for their attitudes toward the concept of expanded-duties auxiliaries.
(5) Replacing the dentist examination with a dental auxiliary conducted screening evaluation could lead to reduced time and costs.
(6) The developed apparatus included ultrasonic generators operating at a frequency of 0.5-3 MHz, piezoceramic radiators of various design providing the heating of an object with convergent, divergent and plane ultrasonic waves, thermoprobes in the form of single or multiple thermocouples with the bends from 5 points at a 5 mm distance from one another, temperature meters and various auxiliaries.
(7) Physical and technological parameters of carfecillin powder and carfecillin with auxiliary substances in the form of the powder mixture and granulate were studied comparatively.
(8) Chinese drugs constitute a unique medicinal system that features the following three subsystems: subsystem of medicinal substances consisting of traditional theories such as "four properties and five tastes of drugs" and "the principal, adjuvant, auxiliary and conduct ingredients in a prescription' , etc; subsystem of pharmacological actions comprising the theory of "ascending, descending, floating and sinking", etc; Subsystem of human body's functions incorporating the theory of "drugs to act on the channels".
(9) Training of Dental Auxiliaries in the United States Air Force is a highly structured process combining training in short formal courses at the School of Health Care Sciences with extended periods of formal on-the-job training and self-study correspondence courses conducted at bases throughout the Air Force.
(10) Our study was aimed at determining the validity of 99Tcm-HMPAO single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the localization of the epileptogenic focus by correlating this diagnostic method with other auxiliary investigations such as surface EEG and X-ray transmission computed tomography (CT).
(11) Toward these ends, various devices and techniques have been developed, including several different types of vascular shunts in combination with or without extracorporeal oxygenation of blood, implantable auxiliary ventricle and augmentation of diastolic pressure by direct counter pulsation of blood through femoral cannulae or intra-aortic balloon.The sequenced counter pulsator is an external cardiac assist device being developed for the therapy of low output syndromes.
(12) Cyclin, also known as PCNA or the auxiliary protein of mammalian DNA polymerase delta, is a stable cell cycle regulated (synthesized mainly in S-phase) nuclear protein of apparent Mr 36,000 whose rate of synthesis correlates directly with the proliferative state of normal cultured cells and tissues.
(13) 117 people volunteered (37%); among them, nurses showed the highest participation (45.8%) in comparison with doctors, nursing auxiliaries and non-technical personnel (p less than 0.05).
(14) The data suggest that IL 2 receptors may play an auxiliary role in the B cell proliferative response and that IL 2 may exert its effect at a late phase in the B cell activation process.
(15) Thus, removal of calculi was possible only by an auxiliary manipulation and so it took more time.
(16) Each child was evaluated by 2 nurses and 2 auxiliaries.
(17) The venous part regulates the venous inflow volume by the feedback type mechanism; the arterial part ensures complete EC in the pulsating mode during cardiosurgical intervention and auxiliary EC in the course of heart activity recovery after cardioplegia, promoting an increase of the coronary blood flow and synchronized blood supply.
(18) The auxiliary protein is specific for DNA polymerase-delta; it has no effect on the activity of calf thymus DNA polymerase-alpha or the Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase I with primed homopolymer templates.
(19) Two alternate hypotheses are discussed (a) in which D is an auxiliary donor and (b) in which D is included in the main electron transfer chain.
(20) Auxiliary measures such as dilatation or dissection of the salivary duct were required only in patients with stones in the submandibular gland (20%).