(v. t.) To front; to face in position; to meet or encounter face to face.
(v. t.) To face in defiance; to confront; as, to affront death; hence, to meet in hostile encounter.
(v. t.) To offend by some manifestation of disrespect; to insult to the face by demeanor or language; to treat with marked incivility.
(n.) An encounter either friendly or hostile.
(n.) Contemptuous or rude treatment which excites or justifies resentment; marked disrespect; a purposed indignity; insult.
(n.) An offense to one's self-respect; shame.
Example Sentences:
(1) Perhaps he is instinctively more forgiving about avoiding tax, which some right-wingers always regard as an indecent affront, than the free use of public funds.
(2) Co-operatives should not be afraid to champion radical causes, or engage with controversial issues, but this must not involve affronting customers, or turning our backs on good people of different political persuasions.
(3) "Hiding behind an abusive anti-terrorism law to prosecute bloggers and journalists for doing their jobs is an affront to the Ethiopian constitution," she said.
(4) This case, the so-called AB and CD trial, where the Home Office and the Foreign Office wanted two anonymous defendants to be tried in secret , is an unprecedented affront to every concept of British justice as it has evolved over a thousand years.
(5) Recipes for " tomato burgers " (bestowing this fruit sandwich with the holy title of "burger" is an affront to cows everywhere), help on undergoing a " friendship divorce ", extortionate travel guides … Goop covers a lot of ground.
(6) Affronted explants of articular cartilage and synovial tissue were cultivated in AS plus C' for 10 days (primary cultures).
(7) At the time, Ben Pynt of the advocacy group Humanitarian Research Partners said he was “affronted by this allegation” because he had spent the past week telling people not to self-harm.
(8) But not now, and not to events that have the appearance at least of being an affront to the relationship between policing and the public.
(9) Bernie Evans Liverpool • The affront to democracy of imposing a 40% threshold of all employees having to vote for public sector industrial action in the trade union bill can be evidenced when such a threshold was included in the Scotland Act 1978.
(10) The weather had Shakespearean timing but this was a tempest not just for the police, whose militarised response affronted worldwide opinion, or their political masters, but for local and national black leaders.
(11) The countless appeals and re-appeals lodged by criminals attempting to cheat the system cost us all money and are an affront to British justice.
(12) This affront to convention was not born of a desire to shock; it was part of a strategy of undermining the categories - including the distinction between the serious and the non-serious - that had long dominated philosophical language.
(13) 'Erdem Gunduz’s protest was both an affront and a question for the authorities: beat him?
(14) Suárez played as through affronted by the suggestion he might have fitness issues, tormenting England’s defence on a night that finished as a personal ordeal for Steven Gerrard.
(15) To have done so with such high-handed contempt is an affront to parliament and a symptom of unchecked arrogance that leads inevitably to bad government.
(16) To fail to understand this is to risk an affront to a large stabilising and normally acquiescent section of this country, which will sow completely unnecessary seeds of dissent."
(17) Writing in the Observer , the 82-year-old retired Anglican archbishop, revered as the "moral conscience" of South Africa, says that laws that prevent people being helped to end their lives are an affront to those affected and their families.
(18) Greste framed his predicament as a straightforward affront to press freedom.
(19) That's what they were doing when an impassive, shaven-headed Lemtongthai stood in the dock to receive the strictest sentence ever imposed in South Africa for wildlife crime: Framing the rhino as a symbol of Africa and poaching as an affront to African pride, Judge Prince Manyathi sentenced him to 40 years.
(20) His ferocious attack on Lord Goddard, the vindictive Lord Chief Justice, a few days after his death in 1958 affronted many people's sense of good taste.
Challenge
Definition:
(n.) An invitation to engage in a contest or controversy of any kind; a defiance; specifically, a summons to fight a duel; also, the letter or message conveying the summons.
(n.) The act of a sentry in halting any one who appears at his post, and demanding the countersign.
(n.) A claim or demand.
(n.) The opening and crying of hounds at first finding the scent of their game.
(n.) An exception to a juror or to a member of a court martial, coupled with a demand that he should be held incompetent to act; the claim of a party that a certain person or persons shall not sit in trial upon him or his cause.
(n.) An exception to a person as not legally qualified to vote. The challenge must be made when the ballot is offered.
(n.) To call to a contest of any kind; to call to answer; to defy.
(n.) To call, invite, or summon to answer for an offense by personal combat.
(n.) To claim as due; to demand as a right.
(n.) To censure; to blame.
(n.) To question or demand the countersign from (one who attempts to pass the lines); as, the sentinel challenged us, with "Who comes there?"
(n.) To take exception to; question; as, to challenge the accuracy of a statement or of a quotation.
(n.) To object to or take exception to, as to a juror, or member of a court.
(n.) To object to the reception of the vote of, as on the ground that the person in not qualified as a voter.
(v. i.) To assert a right; to claim a place.
Example Sentences:
(1) Bronchial challenge caused an immediate asthmatic response.
(2) When chimeric animals were subjected to a lethal challenge of endotoxin, their response was markedly altered by the transferred lymphoid cells.
(3) This frees the student to experience the excitement and challenge of learning and the joy of helping people.
(4) The degree of increase in Meth responsiveness elicited by the initial provocation is a major factor in determining the airway response to a subsequent HS challenge.
(5) Intranasal challenge of allergic subjects with the allergen to which they are sensitive rapidly produces sneezing, rhinorrhea, and airway obstruction.
(6) Matthias Müller, VW’s chief executive, said: “In light of the wide range of challenges we are currently facing, we are satisfied overall with the start we have made to what will undoubtedly be a demanding fiscal year 2016.
(7) In 1935, Einstein challenged the prevailing interpretation of quantum theory.
(8) A shrinking populace is perhaps a greater challenge than any problems with Russia.
(9) Intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin to pretreated animals resulted in increased levels of IL-1 and TNF and decreased levels of PGE2 following challenge with E. coli.
(10) Think of Nelson Mandela – there is a determination, an unwillingness to bend in the face of challenges, that earns you respect and makes people look to you for guidance.
(11) The children's pulse, pulse rate variability, and blood pressure were then measured at rest and during a challenging situation.
(12) At first it looked as though the winger might have shown too much of the ball to the defence, yet he managed to gain a crucial last touch to nudge it past Phil Jones and into the path of Jerome, who slipped Chris Smalling’s attempt at a covering tackle and held off Michael Carrick’s challenge to place a shot past an exposed De Gea.
(13) The results support the notion that mediator lymphocytes circulate in tumor immunized rats in a noncytotoxic state, specifically recognize tumor cells at a challenge site, and mediate induction of effector cells locally.
(14) The role of blood acetylcholinesterase in moderating the effects of organophosphate challenge in rats was tested.
(15) In the first trial to investigate the effect of tick control, significant improvements in liveweight gain (LWG) occurred only in periods of medium to high challenge with adult Amblyomma variegatum.
(16) The SNT and the I-ELISA indicated that the pigs responded to vaccination and challenge.
(17) When caffeine evokes a contraction, and only then, crayfish muscle fibers become refractory to a second challenge with caffeine for up to 20 min in the standard saline (5 mM K(o)).
(18) This observation seriously challenges the hypothesis that SCE cancellation results as a consequence of persistence of the lesions induced by these agents.
(19) Injection of about four ImD 50 of vaccine intracerebrally produced a local immunity, resulting in an immediate kill of challenge organisms given 14 days later.
(20) There was no correlation between anti-TNP-precipitating antibody titer after sensitization and the ability to respond to challenge by hapten-heterologous carrier.