(n.) Whiteness. Specifically: (Astron.) The ratio which the light reflected from an unpolished surface bears to the total light falling upon that surface.
Example Sentences:
(1) I describe concentrations of reflected solar radiation (albedo) found at the usual sites of various conditions associated with exposure to the sun--pterygium, pinguecula, climatic droplet keratopathy and cataract and eyelid malignancy.
(2) This proposed dosimeter (a combination of Harshaw beta-gamma thermoluminescence dosimeter and albedo neutron thermoluminescence dosimeter) has an advantage of using a minimum number of thermoluminescence dosimeter elements (therefore, making it less costly) to measure the dose equivalents in a mixed field of neutron, photon, and beta radiation.
(3) This, together with the effective attenuation coefficient, permits indirect experimental determination of both the albedo and the anisotropy factor (g) of the scattering function.
(4) The calculated energy spectra can be used in other problems and the albedo factors can be applied in practical shielding design for medical linear accelerators.
(5) In the total population of 75 subjects, the skin albedo correlated significantly with skin resistance, a relationship which was not maintained when the total population was separated into its component subgroups of whites, blacks and Indians.
(6) We estimate that an optimized converter would produce even higher sensitivities as an albedo dosimeter in realistic radiation fields.
(7) The parameters selected were altitude, season, ozone content and albedo.
(8) Use of the Pigmentometer, a new device for measuring skin albedo: Relating skin color with a series of physiological measures.
(9) Combined with the ice-albedo feedback, this amplifies the region’s warming, and may affect circulation patterns like the jet stream , that can affect weather patterns in the lower 48 states and elsewhere.
(10) Multiple reflection of neutrons is also considered using the albedo concept in the calculation.
(11) Furthermore, when the incident fluence is known, the theory can be used in a non-linear, two-parameter fitting algorithm to determine the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of a turbid sample with an accuracy of 10-15% for transport albedos ranging from 0.42-0.88.
(12) The dose albedos for 60Co and 137Cs beams normally incident on concrete have been calculated and compared with experimentally determined values in the literature.
(13) The generated energy spectra are then used to calculate the albedo factors for 4-, 10-, and 18-MV bremsstrahlung x-ray beams normally incident on concrete, iron, and lead.
(14) It was observed that blacks had significantly lower (darker) skin albedo (PI), a significantly higher skin resistance (SR) and amplitude of the galvanic skin response (GSR), and an insignificant higher basal heart rate (HR).
(15) Except at extremely high albedo, the experimental data and the Monte Carlo results agree well for the depth dependence of the fluence as a function of incident light beam diameter and optical absorption and scattering, and for the dependence of the diffuse reflectance on the albedo.
(16) A simple model, developed from the data obtained, made it possible to calculate relative irradiance as a function of the angle of inclination and the ground reflection (UV albedo).
(17) The number albedo decreases with increase in the atomic number of the reflecting medium.
(18) The albedo effect is related to a surface's reflecting power – whiter sea ice reflects more of the sun's heat back into space than darker seawater, which absorbs the sun's heat and gets warmer.
(19) Albedo changes Painting roofs and roads white , covering deserts in reflective plastic sheeting, dropping pale-coloured litter into the ocean and genetically engineering crops to be paler have all been proposed to reflect sunlight back into space .
(20) Climate models show that the reduction is related to the man-made global warming, which, due to the albedo effect, is particularly pronounced in the Arctic," he said.
Rind
Definition:
(n.) The external covering or coat, as of flesh, fruit, trees, etc.; skin; hide; bark; peel; shell.
(v. t.) To remove the rind of; to bark.
Example Sentences:
(1) On the basis of clinical symptoms and CT scan findings, 66 patients were categorized as having sustained a RIND and 187 a stroke.
(2) CT scanning has identified a subset of these patients who have sustained a reversible ischemic neurologic deficit (RIND) rather than a completed stroke.
(3) As early as E6 glial cells were labeled including the glial cells located in the rind between the neurons and the glial cells surrounding the neuropil.
(4) The method was used in one patient whose heart was surrounded by a thick rind of fibrous scar tissue following two previous operations for coronary artery disease, and was highly successful when other methods had failed.
(5) Estrogen levels in pregnant women provide a means of monitoring the feto-placental bond, since in late pregnancy, estriol is produced by the fetal adrenal rind.
(6) Alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of Alpinia galanga, Andrographis paniculata, bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, rind of Citrus decumana, Desmodium triflorum, seeds of Hydnocarpus wightiana, rhizomes of Kaempfaria galanga, Lippia nodiflora, tender leaves of Morinda citrifolia, rhizomes of Pollia serzogonian, Tephrosia purpuria and rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbeth showed good in vitro anthelmintic activity against human Ascaris lumbricoides.
(7) Out of the total number, 46 (11.3%) operations were done in the 1st, asymptomatic stage of disease, for the haemodinamically significant stenoses and ulcerated plaques; 173 (42.5%) in the 2nd clinical stage for hemispheral and nonhemispheral transient ishemic attacks (TIA) and reversible neurologic deficits (RIND); 3 (0.7%) in the 3rd stage which is a progressive cerebrovascular stroke and 185 (45.5%) in the 4th clinical stage of the disease, in patients with previous cerebral infarction and a permanent neurologic deficit.
(8) The system has been evaluated and applied to the determination of 2-phenylphenol (2PP) fortified in orange rind.
(9) Acephate residue levels in rind were less than 3.0 ppm 14 days after treatment; acephate residues in pulp were less than 3.0 ppm throughout the experiment.
(10) Salads might feature watermelon, pickled rinds and cashews, while cocktails are little belters: the Del Bac Date ($12), made with Tucson’s malt whisky and local fruit, is purest nectar.
(11) The symptoms of moyamoya disease were due to cerebral ischemia, such as transient ischemic attack (TIA), reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND), and minor stroke.
(12) Patients with TIA (n = 44; male 21, 58.3 years SD 12.3), complicated migraine (n = 3, all female, 24, 40, 63 years) and RIND (n = 17; male 10, 56.5 years SD 16.8) showed no abnormalities of CCT and AR as compared to normals.
(13) The menu was diplomatic: rind de bouillon with vegetables and pancake stripes, asparagus with veal schnitzel, followed by strawberries and ice cream and cheese and grapes, along with German wines.
(14) In particular, the incidence was checked of: cardiovascular death, reinfarction, angina pectoris, TIA or RIND, stroke, arterial thromboembolism, venous thromboses, heart failure, complex ventricular arrhythmias, silent myocardial ischemia.
(15) In mature adult worms (4-6 months post-infection), the rind of nerve cell bodies has completely disappeared and cell bodies are scattered around and within the neuropile.
(16) The described procedure is particularly useful in reoperations on a heart with a covering rind of fibrous scar tissue.
(17) It is suggested that TIAs, including AF, and RIND should be regarded as separate entities from a pathophysiological and clinical point of view.
(18) Other labelled somata lie dispersed or in small groups around the protocerebral bridge, below the optic tubercles, proximal to the ventral rim of the lobula, and in the lateral and ventral somatal rind of the suboesophageal ganglion.
(19) Of these patients, 43 who had clinical symptoms of TIA, RIND, or bruits on the neck or supraclavicular fossa, were reviewed.
(20) Grate some rind into risottos, pasta sauces, stews and puddings (but don't grate too deep – the white pith doesn't taste good.)