(n.) The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation.
(n.) Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit (called also ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous fermentation.
(n.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5.OH); methyl forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) These variants may serve as useful gene markers in alcohol research involving animal model studies with inbred strains in mice.
(2) PMS is more prevalent among women working outside the home, alcoholics, women of high parity, and women with toxemic tendency; it probably runs in families.
(3) The 14C-aminopyrine breath test was used to measure liver function in 14 normal subjects, 16 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 14 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 29 patients taking a variety of drugs.
(4) The pancreatic changes are unlikely to be an artefact, but rather a direct toxic effect of the alcohol as confirmed by the biochemical changes.
(5) Evidence of fetal alcohol effects may be found for each outcome category.
(6) The difference in HDL and HDL2 cholesterol concentrations between the MI+ and MI- groups or between the MI+ and CHD- groups persisted after adjustment by analysis of covariance for the effect of physical activity, alcohol intake, obesity, duration of diabetes, and glycemic control.
(7) Veterans admitted to a 90-day alcoholism treatment program were administered the MMPI, and those who completed the program were retested before discharge.
(8) 1 The effects of chronic ethanol intake on the elimination kinetics of antipyrine were determined in nineteen male alcoholic subjects with comparison made to fourteen male volunteers.
(9) This study examines the costs of screening patients for alcohol problems.
(10) Alcohol abuse remains the predominant cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world.
(11) The acute effect of alcohol manifested itself by decreasing mitochondrial respiration, compensated by increased glycolytic activity of the myocardium so that myocardial energy phosphate concentration remained unchanged.
(12) The transmission of alcoholism and its effects are thereby lessened for future generations of children of alcoholics.
(13) More chronic use of alcohol resulted in a suppression of LH.
(14) Because of increasing alcoholism the importance of alcoholic organ lesions is also increasing.
(15) Allergic photocontact dermatitis developed in a patient to a commercial sunscreen preparation containing para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in an alcohol base.
(16) The patients had a high AP, consumed more alcohol, were more well-fed, older and consumed more refined carbohydrates per 1 kg bw and less cholesterol and vegetable protein.
(17) We found that whereas idarubicin was 2-5 times more potent than the other three anthracycline analogs against these tumor cell lines, idarubicinol was 16-122 times more active than the other alcohol metabolites against the same three cell lines.
(18) The phenomenon can be ascribed to the decrease in charge density due to the incorporation of dodecyl alcohol into SDS micelles.
(19) Most of the progressive cases were alcoholic, and some showed progression to advanced pancreatitis within 4 years.
(20) These data indicate that the development of HCC in HBV-negative alcoholics with cirrhosis occurs in relation to the development of macronodules and loss of liver weight, most likely along with the prolongation of the life span.
Cirrhosis
Definition:
(n.) A disease of the liver in which it usually becomes smaller in size and more dense and fibrous in consistence; hence sometimes applied to similar changes in other organs, caused by increase in the fibrous framework and decrease in the proper substance of the organ.
Example Sentences:
(1) The 14C-aminopyrine breath test was used to measure liver function in 14 normal subjects, 16 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 14 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 29 patients taking a variety of drugs.
(2) The IgM antibody was found at high titers in each of 70 patients with inflammatory liver disease and at a low titer in one of six patients with inactive cirrhosis; it was not found in eight carriers with normal liver histology.
(3) Because the HRG level is increased in Child A liver cirrhosis, we suggest that other mechanisms, other than simply a decreased synthetic capacity of the liver, contribute to the changes in HRG levels in patients with liver disease.
(4) In view of the high mortality every clinical deterioration of patients with cirrhosis should alert the physician of the presence of SBP.
(5) These data indicate that the development of HCC in HBV-negative alcoholics with cirrhosis occurs in relation to the development of macronodules and loss of liver weight, most likely along with the prolongation of the life span.
(6) Two of the anti-delta-positive patients had chronic hepatitis, four had liver cirrhosis.
(7) In cirrhosis there was a decrease, of zinc (-40%) albumin (-38%) and of activity of ALA D (-48%) and an increase in blood lead (+80%).
(8) Total GGT and GGT complexed with low-density-lipoprotein plus very low-density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL) have been evaluated in sera from 53 healthy subjects, 23 patients with chronic hepatitis, 87 with liver cirrhosis and 50 with liver tumors (primary and metastatic).
(9) Type II includes the Sjögren's syndrome, rhumatoid arthritis, primary biliary cirrhosis, scleroderma and autoimmune thyroid disorders.
(10) The exposure rate for both cirrhosis cases with hepatoma and cirrhosis cases without hepatoma was the same (48%), but about 80% of each exposed group were either HB Ag or HB Ab positive.
(11) In chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, both carbohydrate antigen 19-9 positive biliary ductular cells and factor VIII-related antigen positive endothelial cells were not only observed in the enlarged portal area but also extended into the parenchyma.
(12) In conclusion, this study does not establish any indication or any contraindication in terms of hepatic histopathology with the possible exception of hepatic venous thrombosis for the use of oral testosterone treatment in men with alcoholic cirrhosis.
(13) One of five rhesus monkeys fed a diet deficient in choline and protein for 31 mo developed signs of cirrhosis at 26 mo.
(14) Histological study showed a hepatocellular carcinoma of Edmondson type II against a background of posthepatitic cirrhosis.
(15) The erythrocytes of subjects with moderate and severe alcoholic liver cirrhosis had an unbalanced antioxidant system (normal superoxide dismutase, low catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and low glutathione content).
(16) We have investigated 20 healthy subjects and 50 patients with chronic liver disease, histologically diagnosed by percutaneous liver biopsy: steatosis (8), fibrosteatosis (7), chronic persistent hepatitis (10), chronic active hepatitis (7), cirrhosis (18).
(17) Serum levels of the 7S domain of type IV collagen in the paired sera of eight patients with asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis (mean interval 30 months, range 12-48 months) showed significant rises during the intervals (P < 0.05), while serum levels of albumin and total bilirubin did not change significantly during these intervals.
(18) Focal biliary cirrhosis is the pathognomonic hepatic lesion and is present in 25-30% of CF patients, most of whom are asymptomatic.
(19) Secondary-compensatory changes in the contractile function of the myocardium of the right parts of the heart in response to increase of pressure in the pulmonary artery in patients with cirrhosis of the liver were proved to occur.
(20) In patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis the mean CSF tryptophan concentration was greatly elevated.