What's the difference between alcohol and dependency?

Alcohol


Definition:

  • (n.) An impalpable powder.
  • (n.) The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation.
  • (n.) Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit (called also ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous fermentation.
  • (n.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5.OH); methyl forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) These variants may serve as useful gene markers in alcohol research involving animal model studies with inbred strains in mice.
  • (2) PMS is more prevalent among women working outside the home, alcoholics, women of high parity, and women with toxemic tendency; it probably runs in families.
  • (3) The 14C-aminopyrine breath test was used to measure liver function in 14 normal subjects, 16 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 14 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 29 patients taking a variety of drugs.
  • (4) The pancreatic changes are unlikely to be an artefact, but rather a direct toxic effect of the alcohol as confirmed by the biochemical changes.
  • (5) Evidence of fetal alcohol effects may be found for each outcome category.
  • (6) The difference in HDL and HDL2 cholesterol concentrations between the MI+ and MI- groups or between the MI+ and CHD- groups persisted after adjustment by analysis of covariance for the effect of physical activity, alcohol intake, obesity, duration of diabetes, and glycemic control.
  • (7) Veterans admitted to a 90-day alcoholism treatment program were administered the MMPI, and those who completed the program were retested before discharge.
  • (8) 1 The effects of chronic ethanol intake on the elimination kinetics of antipyrine were determined in nineteen male alcoholic subjects with comparison made to fourteen male volunteers.
  • (9) This study examines the costs of screening patients for alcohol problems.
  • (10) Alcohol abuse remains the predominant cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world.
  • (11) The acute effect of alcohol manifested itself by decreasing mitochondrial respiration, compensated by increased glycolytic activity of the myocardium so that myocardial energy phosphate concentration remained unchanged.
  • (12) The transmission of alcoholism and its effects are thereby lessened for future generations of children of alcoholics.
  • (13) More chronic use of alcohol resulted in a suppression of LH.
  • (14) Because of increasing alcoholism the importance of alcoholic organ lesions is also increasing.
  • (15) Allergic photocontact dermatitis developed in a patient to a commercial sunscreen preparation containing para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in an alcohol base.
  • (16) The patients had a high AP, consumed more alcohol, were more well-fed, older and consumed more refined carbohydrates per 1 kg bw and less cholesterol and vegetable protein.
  • (17) We found that whereas idarubicin was 2-5 times more potent than the other three anthracycline analogs against these tumor cell lines, idarubicinol was 16-122 times more active than the other alcohol metabolites against the same three cell lines.
  • (18) The phenomenon can be ascribed to the decrease in charge density due to the incorporation of dodecyl alcohol into SDS micelles.
  • (19) Most of the progressive cases were alcoholic, and some showed progression to advanced pancreatitis within 4 years.
  • (20) These data indicate that the development of HCC in HBV-negative alcoholics with cirrhosis occurs in relation to the development of macronodules and loss of liver weight, most likely along with the prolongation of the life span.

Dependency


Definition:

  • (n.) State of being dependent; dependence; state of being subordinate; subordination; concatenation; connection; reliance; trust.
  • (n.) A thing hanging down; a dependence.
  • (n.) That which is attached to something else as its consequence, subordinate, satellite, and the like.
  • (n.) A territory remote from the kingdom or state to which it belongs, but subject to its dominion; a colony; as, Great Britain has its dependencies in Asia, Africa, and America.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The Na+ ionophore, gramicidin, had a small but significant inhibitory effect on Na(+)-dependent KG uptake, demonstrating that KG uptake was not the result of an intravesicular positive Na+ diffusion potential.
  • (2) Neutrons induced a dose-dependent cytotoxicity and mutation frequency in the AL cells.
  • (3) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
  • (4) Between 25 and 40 degrees C, the thermal dependencies of VR and f were approximately constant (Q10's of 1.31 and 1.36 got VR and f, respectively).
  • (5) Cellulase regulation appears to depend upon a complex relationship involving catabolite repression, inhibition, and induction.
  • (6) We also show that proliferation of primary amnion cells is not dependent on a high c-fos expression, suggesting that the function of c-fos is more likely to be associated with other cellular functions in the differentiated amnion cell.
  • (7) We propose that this dependence on coexpression reflects the association between the LTA::STa hybrids and LTB subunits.
  • (8) These results show that the pathogenic phenotypes of MCF viruses are dissociable from the thymotropic phenotype and depend, at least in part, upon the enhancer sequences.
  • (9) Recently, the validity of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) standards for selection of spirometric test results has been questioned based on the finding of inverse dependence of FEV1 on effort.
  • (10) This death is also dependent on the presence of chloride and is prevented with the non-selective EAA antagonist, kynurenic acid, but is not prevented by QA.
  • (11) Single-case experimental designs are presented and discussed from several points of view: Historical antecedents, assessment of the dependent variable, internal and external validity and pre-experimental vs experimental single-case designs.
  • (12) Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation by [gamma-32P]ATP of two proteins of apparent Mr = 20,000 and 7,000 that were concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum, but the stimulation was markedly dependent on the presence of added soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.
  • (13) The PSB dioxygenase system displayed a narrow substrate range: none of 18 sulphonated or non-sulphonated analogues of PSB showed significant substrate-dependent O2 uptake.
  • (14) The dependence of fluorescence polarization of stained nerve fibres on the angle between the fibre axis and electrical vector of exciting light (azimuth characteristics) has been considered.
  • (15) Gel filtration of the 40,000 rpm supernatant fraction of a homogenate of rat cerebral cortex on a Sepharose 6B column yielded two fractions: fraction II with the "Ca(2+) plus Mg(2+)-dependent" phosphodiesterase activity and fraction III containing its modulator.
  • (16) In contrast, the effects of deltamethrin and cypermethrin promote transmitter release by a Na+ dependent process.
  • (17) 5 pregnant insulin-dependent diabetics were also studied.
  • (18) RNAs encoding a wild-type (RBK1) and a mutant (RBK1(Y379V,V381T); RBK1*) subunit of voltage-dependent potassium channels were injected into Xenopus oocytes.
  • (19) Photoirradiation of F1 in the presence of the analog leads to inactivation depending linearly on the incorporation of label.
  • (20) [Ca2+]i exhibited a sigmoidal dependence on [Na+]o. Mg2+, a competitive inhibitor of Na2+-Ca2+ antiport in these cells, antagonized the increase in [Ca2+]i produced by lowering [Na+]o.