What's the difference between alignment and shim?

Alignment


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of adjusting to a line; arrangement in a line or lines; the state of being so adjusted; a formation in a straight line; also, the line of adjustment; esp., an imaginary line to regulate the formation of troops or of a squadron.
  • (n.) The ground-plan of a railway or other road, in distinction from the grades or profile.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) By adjustment to the swaying movements of the horse, the child feels how to retain straightening alignment, symmetry and balance.
  • (2) The second algorithm finds all subsequence alignments between the pattern and the test with at most k differences.
  • (3) It said 70 of the killed militants were from Isis, while the other 50 it described as being aligned with the Nusra Front, the parent organisation of the Khorasan cell and al-Qaida’s preferred affiliate in Syria.
  • (4) The building block of cytokeratin IFs is a heterotypic tetramer, consisting of two type I and two type II polypeptides arranged in pairs of laterally aligned coiled coils.
  • (5) The alignment of Clinton’s Iowa team, all but guaranteeing a declaration of her official campaign before the end of next month, was coming into view amid reports that she was due to address by the end of the week controversy over her use of a private email account as secretary of state.
  • (6) Here we present images of polydeoxyadenylate molecules aligned in parallel, with their bases lying flat on a surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and with their charged phosphodiester backbones protruding upwards.
  • (7) From the decreased alignment at the N-terminus and the presence of additional residues compared with bacterial phosphorylases, we conclude that the regulatory sequences that also carry the phosphorylation site in the muscle enzyme were joined to a presumed ancestral precursor gene by gene fusion after separation of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic lines of descent.
  • (8) If added prior to cellular alignment, immunoglobulins from this serum inhibited fusion of both rat (L6) and mouse (C2) myoblasts in a dose-dependent fashion.
  • (9) Fifty-two percent of the variance in visit volume were explained; compared with the findings reported in similar studies, alignment with a regular source of care was more closely associated with visit volume and physician contact.
  • (10) The predicted yeast enzyme contains at least four potential membrane-spanning regions and several shorter hydrophobic regions that align exactly with similar sequences in the rat liver protein.
  • (11) As described in peripheral nerves, the axoplasm of axons in the central nervous system exhibits predominantly neurofilaments and microtubules aligned along the axis of the neurites in a three-dimensional arrangement and interconnected by cross-linker filaments and filamentous structures.
  • (12) The diagnosis of cervical injuries may be facilitated by following a logical pattern of analysis searching for abnormalities of alignment and anatomy, of bony integrity, of the cartilage or joint spaces, and of the soft tissues.
  • (13) The sample consisted of 102 Japanese families, each including both parents and one of their offspring, and on average all subjects had relatively well-aligned permanent dentitions.
  • (14) These observations suggest that the inner dynein arms in Chlamydomonas axonemes are aligned not in a single straight row, but in a staggered row or two discrete rows.
  • (15) Adjustment of posterior arch width and dental alignment, using semi-rapid maxillary expansion by means of an upper removable appliance, to co-ordinate the anticipated positions for the arches.
  • (16) During powder compaction on a Manesty Betapress, peak pressures, Pmax, are reached before the punches are vertically aligned with the centres of the upper and lower compression roll support pins.
  • (17) The group receiving an Oxford meniscal-bearing implant, with no medial release, showed significantly better mechanical alignment than that receiving a fixed-bearing implant.
  • (18) New observations include: (1) In 15 nm cross sections that show single 14.5 nm levels: (a) The flared X structure characteristic of rigor is replaced by a straight-X figure in which the crossbridge density is aligned along the myosin-actin plane, rather than skewed across it as in rigor.
  • (19) This includes the analysis of the transfer characteristics of the image detection system, the use of laser-induced fiducials for deformation correction and alignment, the control of section thickness by EELS and the use of ESI to image thick sections.
  • (20) Peter Schweizer – whose book scrutinizing donations to the Clinton Foundation has earned sharp rebukes from Hillary Clinton’s campaign and liberally aligned groups – confirmed on Thursday plans to investigate Bush’s past financial dealings.

Shim


Definition:

  • (n.) A kind of shallow plow used in tillage to break the ground, and clear it of weeds.
  • (n.) A thin piece of metal placed between two parts to make a fit.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The model contains 13 parameters that can be varied, 12 shim coil currents, and the receiver mixer frequency.
  • (2) The derivatized bile acids were separated stepwise on a Shim-pack CLC-ODS column using acetonitrilemethanol-water (100:50:30) (A), (100:50:20) (B), and (100:50:0) (C) as mobile phases with changing automatically from A to C using a solvent changer.
  • (3) For this purpose, a method of automatic shimming was developed and tested on phantoms and volunteers.
  • (4) This probe design tunes to 23-Sodium for rapid shimming and then, to 31-Phosphorus for measurements of pH and high energy phosphate metabolites.
  • (5) Voxels may be shimmed using only first-order X, Y, and Z shims to produce three-dimensional shim current maps, thus avoiding shim coupling problems.
  • (6) A novel latent proteinase of which activity was induced by heating in the presence of NaCl was purified to homogeneity from threadfin-bream muscle by a combination of DEAE-cellulose, Con A-Sepharose, Arg-Sepharose, and Shim-pack HAC chromatographies.
  • (7) Our localization strategy also allows us to shim easily on the well-defined volume of interest and leads to high-resolution spectra that exhibit multiplet structure.
  • (8) A complete shimming process generally requires only 80 transients.
  • (9) A data link to the shim power supply allows automatic update of currents.
  • (10) Addition of CO2 to the oxygen and appropriate changes in gas flow and "shim" pressure permit changes to be made in the ventilation of the device during perfusion to achieve desired levels of PaO2 and PaCO2 under widely disparate conditions of temperature and flow.
  • (11) We recently described the identification of BOS1 (Newman, A., J. Shim, and S. Ferro-Novick.
  • (12) However, despite our monitoring of additional variables, including shim and inlet pressure and recirculation flow, gas exchange abnormalities were encountered in 5 patients on whom the membrane oxygenator was used; in 4 of these cases the abnormalities were encountered prior to our recognition of the potential for occasional internal shunting with this device.
  • (13) The thickness of the blood film is decreased by increasing the "shim" pressure, so that increasing the "shim" presure results in higher PaO2.
  • (14) The chromatographic conditions were as follows: column: Shim-pack CLC-ODS; mobile phase: methanol-water (70:30).
  • (15) In addition to the main magnet important additions like gradient and shim coils, aspects of site planning and future problems are discussed.
  • (16) An acid sialidase [EC 3.2.1.18] has been purified from human placenta by means of successive procedures including extraction, Con A-Sepharose adsorption, ammonium sulfate precipitation, activation, p-aminophenyl thio-beta-D-galactoside-CH-Sepharose (PATG-Sepharose) affinity chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography on a Shim pack Diol 300 column.
  • (17) The resolution and homogeneity limitations of echo-planar imaging (EPI) are overcome by zoom imaging of an easily shimmed localized volume.
  • (18) This high failure rate has led the authors to reevaluate the use of prosthetic shims or wedges in large fragment defects but to continue to use bone grafting for smaller, circumscribed defects.
  • (19) A sialidase [EC 3.2.1.18] has been partially purified from human placenta by means of procedures comprising Con A-Sepharose adsorption, ammonium sulfate precipitation, sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and high-pressure liquid chromatography on a Shim pack Diol 300 column.
  • (20) We have developed a pulse sequence which enables fast and accurate measurement of three-dimensional field maps in vivo, and a data analysis package that allows calculation of shim currents to optimally shim arbitrary selected volumes.