(n.) A coloring principle, C14H6O2(OH)2, found in madder, and now produced artificially from anthracene. It produces the Turkish reds.
Example Sentences:
(1) The most successful dyes were phenocyanin TC, gallein, fluorone black, alizarin cyanin BB and alizarin blue S. Celestin blue B with an iron mordant is quite successful if properly handled to prevent gelling of solutions.
(2) This malformation was demonstrated in alcian-blue- and alizarin-red-stained fetal skeletons by measurements of the distance between the cartilaginous ends of each vertebral arch.
(3) Malformations were detected by outer inspection for gross anomalies, by means of the razor blade technique for malformations of organs and by alizarin preparations for detecting anomalies of the osseuos skeleton.
(4) Other biologic substances producing a red color without the formation of precipitates showed a disappearance of the red color and resumption of the yellow color of alizarine red S above pH = 3.8.
(5) A novel and important observation made is that the different caffeine treatments affected the staining by alizarin of both claws and bones in a qualitatively and quantitatively similar manner.
(6) The fibular hemimelia observed in all drug-treated term fetuses stained with alizarin appeared to result from lack of development of the proximal half of the cartilage model.
(7) A method which localizes labile 5% ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-amino-ethyl ether)N-N'-tetraacetic acid-removable calcium in spherules within hypertrophied chondrocytes and in pericellular matrix using alizarin red S (ARS) is described.
(8) Freshly excised sheep corneal buttons were exposed to increasing concentrations of fluorouracil for four hours and were subsequently evaluated microscopically using vital staining with alizarin red and trypan blue.
(9) In the excised corneas, the cell borders were visualized by osmotically induced dilation of intercellular spaces, alizarin red staining, and a combination of alizarin red and trypan blue staining.
(10) Ruberythric acid and alizarin glucuronide, the biologic secretion product obtained from the alizarin derivative, stop the crystallization of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate in the physiologic milieu of the urine.
(11) The naturally-occurring anthraquinones (AQs), alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone) and lucidin (1,3-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone), were incubated with DNA in the presence of S9 mix.
(12) A simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of boron with Alizarin Red S is described.
(13) The chemical nature of the Alizarin red S reaction product in sites of calcium deposits is discussed.
(14) The endothelium was examined and re-examined at different intervals by using a phase contrast microscope and dual vital staining with alizarin-red S and trypan-blue.
(15) Growth and remodelling of the first cervical vertebra were studied in the rat by means of biometry, vital staining (alizarin red S and oxytetracycline), and histology.
(16) A new technique for the staining of the corneal endothelium is presented, in which the actions of the vital stain, rose bengal, and the intercellular stain, alizarin red S, are combined.
(17) Endothelial cell loss was determined by vital staining with Trypan blue and Alizarin red S. Average endothelial cell loss with the intercapsular technique was 1.2%; with the can opener technique the cell loss was 6.6%.
(18) Microsomal membranes prepared from the mesophilic yeast Candida lipolytica grown at 10 degrees C were hydrogenated by the homogeneous Pd-catalyst, palladium di (sodium alizarine sulfonate) (Pd(QS)2).
(19) The Michaelis constants for glucosyluridyl diphosphate (UDP-glucose) was 10.8 microM for 1,2-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (alizarin) 110 microM; the maximum rate of glucosylation reaction was 5.32 mumol per s per mg protein.
(20) In addition to reduced mineralization as detected by alizarin staining, significant changes were also observed in the extracellular matrix of the embryonic bones.
Phenol
Definition:
(n.) A white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH, produced by the destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar.
(n.) Any one of the series of hydroxyl derivatives of which phenol proper is the type.
Example Sentences:
(1) The teeth were embedded in phenolic rings with acrylic resin.
(2) The presence of the expected C19 neutral and C18 phenolic steroids was confirmed.
(3) The effect of mycobacterial phenolic glycolipids from Mycobacterium leprae, M. bovis BCG, and M. kansasii on in vitro proliferative responses by human blood mononuclear cells from healthy BCG vaccinees was investigated.
(4) The chemistry involved reaction rate constant measurements of MSF hydrolysis and for reactions with phenolic, amine, oxime, hydroxamic acid, phenyl N-hydroxycarbamate, and hydroxylamine compounds and cupric imidazole and bipyridyl complexes.
(5) In the liver, the major site of benzene metabolism, benzene is converted by a cytochrome P-450-mediated pathway to phenol, the major metabolite, and the secondary metabolites, hydroquinone and catechol.
(6) Except in the case of the phenolic metabolite, structures were confirmed by direct comparison of electron impact mass spectra and chromatographic behaviour with those of authentic samples.
(7) It may be concluded that phenolization of the sympathetic nervous system provides the same results as surgical sympathectomy but has the advantage of lower morbidity and shorter hospitalization (24 h vs 10 days).
(8) It was hypothesized that the observed activity variation of the paracetamol analogues was based on the relative abilities of these compounds to undergo H atom loss at the phenolic oxygen, and on the relative stabilities of the resulting free-radical species.
(9) Lipopolysaccharide content correlated significantly with drug uptake and sensitivity, and it appeared to determine the degree of penetration of the cell envelope by these chlorinated phenols.
(10) Liberation of the polysaccharides from the carrier by treatment with aqueous phenol resulted in loss of the serological activity.
(11) Here we report that phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone is also catalyzed by human myeloperoxidase in the presence of a superoxide anion radical generating system, hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.
(12) The 2-substituted phenoxy-6-methoxy-8-aminoquinolines (4-6) were afforded by reduction of the corresponding 8-nitroquinolines (1-3) which were obtained by condensation of 2-chloro-6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline and substituted phenols.
(13) This report reviews the treatment of pilonidal sinus by phenol injection in 54 patients.
(14) One group of rats was made immunocompetent towards P. aeruginosa by intraperitoneal injection of phenol-killed P. aeruginosa while a second group remained naive to this organism.
(15) These data indicate that the phenolic hydroxyl groups of xanthomegnin might contribute to its uncoupling action on the oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria.
(16) The coupled dienone-phenol re-arrangement and keto-enol tautomerism of this quinone methide produce the observed 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde.
(17) The phenol metabolites benzoquinone and 1,2,4-benzenetriol both activated the glutathione transferase in microsomes 2-fold independently of added NADPH.
(18) The isolation of plant enzymes is frequently hampered by the presence of phenolic compounds, pigments and mucilages.
(19) An enzyme (EC 2.8.2.1) that catalyses the transfer of sulphate from adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-sulphatophosphate to phenols was purified approx.
(20) Physico-chemical parameters of membranes of skeletal muscles' sarcoplasmic reticulum in antioxidant insufficiency, which was modelled by excluding alpha-tocopherol from the animals ration, and after treatment with phenol antioxidant ionol were studied.