(1) A full-length cDNA encoding porcine heart aconitase was derived from lambda gt10 recombinant clones and by amplification of the 5' end of the mRNA.
(2) Ten out of 12 (83%) tumours which had c-erbB-2 and c-erbA co-amplification had metastasised to axillary lymph nodes (P less than 0.006).
(3) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
(4) Of great influence on the results of measurements are preparation and registration (warm-up-time, amplification, closeness of pressure-system, unhurt catheters), factors relating to equipment and methods (air-bubbles in pressure-system, damping by filters, continuous infusion of the micro-catheter, level of zero-pressure), factors which occur during intravital measurement (pressure-drop along the arteria pulmonalis, influence of normal breathing, great intrapleural pressure changes, pressure damping in the catheter by thrombosis and external disturbances) and last not least positive and negative acceleration forces, which influence the diastolic and systolic pulmonary artery pressure.
(5) Reverse transcription of retina mRNA followed by DNA amplification using D4-specific nucleotides demonstrates the presence of D4 mRNA in retina.
(6) Studies on asparagine synthetase indicate that resistance to albizziin may be due to altered regulation of asparagine synthetase, structural mutations of the enzyme, and gene amplification.
(7) The results of the oestrogen amplification test in eleven of the non-hyperprolactinaemic anovular patients were compared with the ovulatory response to 100 mg clomiphene given for 5 days.
(8) The 500-bp element arose by duplication of one half of a 180-bp ancestor and insertion of a foreign segment between the two duplicated parts followed by amplification.
(9) When PCR products in each of the 12 cats were subjected to a second amplification using the same primer pair (two-step amplification: double PCR), FIV proviral DNA was detected in all of the cats.
(10) We have investigated the presence of fragments of the HIV genome with a new nucleic acid amplification technique (PCR or polymerase chain reaction) in lymphocytes from 33 seronegative couples with anti-HIV antibodies, most of which were heroin addicts.
(11) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of cDNA confirmed this reduced level of DAF mRNA.
(12) Programmed gene rearrangements are used in nature to to alter gene copy number (gene amplification and deletion), to create diversity by reassorting gene segments (as in the formation of mammalian immunoglobulin genes), or to control the expression of a set of genes that code for the same function (such as surface antigens).
(13) The sensitivity of a PCR system to amplify the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence of HIV-1 was not affected by the irradiation procedure; however, the ultimate sensitivity of a PCR system for the amplification of an early gene promotor sequence of the CMV genome was reduced 1000-fold.
(14) In one patient with gastric carcinoma a c-Ha-ras-1 overexpression was detected due to its amplification both in tumour tissues and in regional metastasis.
(15) The ratio of products remains constant through the amplification and can be readily quantitated.
(16) Thus MTX combined with PALA selected cells with an 'amplificator' phenotype (an increased ability to amplify parts of the genome).
(17) Concomitant with gene amplification, an induction of 20-65-fold in the expression of NS1 and NS2 proteins was observed after temperature shift-down.
(18) "In-gel renaturation" analysis did not show any DNA amplification of high degree in AT22IJE-T. Cytogenetic analysis showed considerable chromosomal instability in the new cell line, and medium conditioned by these cells contained the clastogenic activity which is characteristic of the parental strain as well.
(19) All nine responders were negative for HBV DNA in serum by dot blot during or after treatment, but seven remained positive by polymerase chain amplification and Southern-blot hybridization.
(20) Amplification of endothelial biomass has been accomplished by using freshly isolated capillaries as explants for primary tissue culture.
Amplify
Definition:
(v. t.) To render larger, more extended, or more intense, and the like; -- used especially of telescopes, microscopes, etc.
(v. t.) To enlarge by addition or discussion; to treat copiously by adding particulars, illustrations, etc.; to expand; to make much of.
(v. i.) To become larger.
(v. i.) To speak largely or copiously; to be diffuse in argument or description; to dilate; to expatiate; -- often with on or upon.
Example Sentences:
(1) We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the breakpoint area of alpha-thalassemia-1 of Southeast Asia type and several parts of the alpha-globin gene cluster to make a differential diagnosis between alpha-thalassemia-1 and Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis.
(2) We have investigated the increase in the spcDNA population upon cycloheximide treatment of individual sequences, which are found to amplify differentially.
(3) We conclude that only one of the alleles was amplified and that either allele could be amplified with respect to both the SphI and PvuII polymorphisms.
(4) RNA preparations were reverse-transcribed, amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and separated by electrophoresis.
(5) It was previously demonstrated that multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster cell lines contain an amplified, transcriptionally active DNA sequence designated mdr.
(6) Chloroquine increased the binding of 125I-labeled insulin to rat hepatoma cells (R-Y121B) at 4 degrees C. The effect of chloroquine on insulin binding was amplified at 23 degrees C, and a large increase in cell-associated radioactivity was observed.
(7) Overexpression of asparagine synthetase in beta-aspartyl hydroxamate-resistant lines without amplified copies of the gene was also correlated with DNA hypomethylation.
(8) (iii) The insertion plasmid pRSD102(R388::Tn1721) has conserved the capacity of the original plasmid pRSD1 to amplify the 3.55 Mdal-tet region.
(9) To identify the molecular defect in a patient with the intermediate form of the disease, arylsulfatase B mRNA from his fibroblasts was reverse-transcribed, amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, and subcloned.
(10) In addition to the fatigue tester and the pulse duplicator, a signal conditioner, a DC amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital microcomputer comprised the essential hardware.
(11) The sensitivity of a PCR system to amplify the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence of HIV-1 was not affected by the irradiation procedure; however, the ultimate sensitivity of a PCR system for the amplification of an early gene promotor sequence of the CMV genome was reduced 1000-fold.
(12) Thus MTX combined with PALA selected cells with an 'amplificator' phenotype (an increased ability to amplify parts of the genome).
(13) HDV cDNA was then directly amplified with Taq polymerase using three pairs of specific primers.
(14) As an extension to the variety of existing techniques using polymorphic DNA markers, the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique may be used in molecular ecology to determine taxonomic identity, assess kinship relationships, analyse mixed genome samples, and create specific probes.
(15) cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription of peripheral blood mRNA and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers corresponding to sequences 400 bp apart on the cDNA, spanning the last three exons (X, Y, Z) of the beta-Sp gene.
(16) Whether we would use that to support and amplify the community ideals already present or go the way of gentrification remained to be seen.
(17) Optimum specific amplification resulted when the primer annealing temperature was 60 degrees C. The gene fragment was amplifiable in 25 different Brucella species and strains.
(18) The action of exogenous etiologic agents is usually mediated in part or amplified by endogenous mediators that very often exert biphasic, i.e., damaging and protective, effects.
(19) By using primer 1 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGGAATCCAGGATCTG-3', upstream nucleotides 157 to 2877), primer 2 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGAACGTGAAGGAATCG-3', upstream nucleotides 1846 to 2877), and primer 4(5'-ATAAAGCTTAATCAGACGTTCTCTTCTTC-3', downstream nucleotides 157 to 2877 and 1846 to 2877), the HCMV B gene code region sequence and its glycoprotein 52 kd antigenic domain sequence were amplified from the recombinant plasmid pBH1 DNA containing the HCMV B gene.
(20) The PCR amplified a 375-bp DNA fragment which was cloned and sequenced; the deduced amino acid sequence had significant identity with known TS sequences, including strict conservation of all phylogenetically invariant TS amino acid residues.