(n.) A glucoside extracted from bitter almonds as a white, crystalline substance.
Example Sentences:
(1) A similar plot for amygdalin was curvilinear, with the rate of cyanide release increasing with time.
(2) Several commercial laetrile preparations contained no glucuronide; they contained amygdalin and neoamygdalin instead.
(3) Experiments are described in which four transplantable rodent tumors (L1210 lymphoid leukemia, P388 lymphocytic leukemia, B16 melanoma, and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma) were used to investigate the antitumor activity of amygdalin MF.
(4) It was discussed whether both are to be considered species or biotypes of another Klebsiella species, however, by determining citrate as carbon source, by MR test and by tests on malonate, gluconate, methyl-xyloside, 1 (--) sorbose, inulin, amylose, methyl-d-mannoside, glycogen, melezitose, VP test, amygdalin, d-tartrate and gas from glucose, we arrived at the conclusion that both could be considered species of the genus.
(5) These findings seriously question the use of amygdalin in clinical medicine under any circumstances.
(6) Rates of cyanide liberation resulting from hydrolysis of the cyanogenic glycosides linamarin, amygdalin and prunasin by a crude beta-glucosidase prepared from hamster caecum were studied in vitro.
(7) beta-Glycosidases from Davallia trichomanoides and Vicia angustifolia hydrolysed (R)-vicianin and (R)-amygdalin at the aglycone-disaccharide bond producing mandelonitrile and the corresponding disaccharide.
(8) We demonstrate that although the guinea pig liver cytosolic beta-glucosidase does not catalyze the hydrolysis of gentiobiose, it does hydrolyze, disaccharide-containing glycosides such as p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-gentiobioside (Glc beta 1----6Glc beta-pNP) and mandelonitrile-beta-D-gentiobioside (amygdalin).
(9) A simple colorimetric method is described for determining the quantity of hydrogen cyanide produced by the spontaneous decomposition of amygdalin in apricot kernels.
(10) A rapid screening test for detecting amygdalin in tablets, solutions, powders, and seeds, based on the liberation of both hydrogen cyanide and benzaldehyde as a result of enzymatic decomposition, is described.
(11) In contrast, the toxicity of amygdalin due to the release of cyanide obviously requires microbiological activities of the gut flora.
(12) Using the everted gut-sack technique, we demonstrate that the plant glucosides, amygdalin, prunasin, and vicine, are transported across the small intestine of the guinea pig efficiently and without being hydrolyzed.
(13) The ratio of amygdalin epimers was unchanged in the urine following parenteral injection.
(14) Of the natural glycosidic substrates tested, both enzymes showed a pronounced preference for the endogenous cyanogenic disaccharide (R)-amygdalin.
(15) nov. produced acid weakly from amygdalin but not from mannitol trehalose.
(16) Following parenteral administration of laetrile, amygdalin is excreted primarily as the unchanged molecule and urinary recoveries may approach 100 percent.
(17) In the 1920s, Dr. Ernst T. Krebs, Sr., formulated a theory that amygdalin could kill cancer cells.
(18) Therefore, alloxan was co-administered into the fourth ventricle alone or in combination with D-glucose, L-glutamine, or amygdalin, all known antagonists of alloxan's B cell toxicity, or with L-glucose, which does not antagonize B cell toxicity.
(19) Amygdalin at various concentrations and with numerous impurities is the most common cyanogenic glycoside found in laetrile samples.
(20) Furthermore, we establish that the enzyme attacks disaccharide glycosides exolytically; specifically, we document the exolytic deglucosylation of amygdalin and the generation of the intermediate monosaccharide glycoside mandelonitrile-beta-D-glucoside prior to the formation of the aglycone (mandelonitrile).
Bitter
Definition:
(n.) AA turn of the cable which is round the bitts.
(v. t.) Having a peculiar, acrid, biting taste, like that of wormwood or an infusion of hops; as, a bitter medicine; bitter as aloes.
(v. t.) Causing pain or smart; piercing; painful; sharp; severe; as, a bitter cold day.
(v. t.) Causing, or fitted to cause, pain or distress to the mind; calamitous; poignant.
(v. t.) Characterized by sharpness, severity, or cruelty; harsh; stern; virulent; as, bitter reproach.
(1) Since the election on 7 March there has been a bitter contest for power in Iraq led by Iran, Saudi Arabia and Turkey.
(2) If bitter, pour it out and measure 1.4 litres of water.
(3) The dumplings could also be served pan-fried in browned butter and tossed with a bitter leaf salad and fresh sheep's cheese for a lighter, but equally delicious option.
(4) The first was a passive avoidance task in which the chicks were allowed to peck at a green training stimulus (a small light-emitting diode, LED) coated in the bitter liquid, methylanthranilate, giving rise to a strong disgust response and consequent avoidance of the green stimulus.
(5) In the QHCl-sucrose condition components separated by the tongue's midline and those spatially mixed produced equal amounts of bitterness suppression.
(6) At the interview those with conventional ileostomies expressed better preoperative comprehension of the procedure and more satisfaction about its life-saving nature; nevertheless, they experienced more negative emotional reactions, such as bitterness, after the operation.
(7) The higher analogues of the cycloalkane series containing alpha-aminocycloheptanecarboxylic acid methyl ester and alpha-aminocyclooctanecarboxylic acid methyl ester are bitter.
(8) It's almost starting to feel like we're back in the good old days of July 2005, when Paris lost out to London in the battle to stage the 2012 Olympic Games, a defeat immediately interpreted by France as a bitter blow to Gallic ideals of fair play and non-commercialism and yet another undeserved triumph for the underhand, free-market manoeuvrings of perfidious Albion.
(9) Hollande ended up defending until to the bitter end Jérôme Cahuzac , a finance minister responsible for fighting tax evasion who turned out to have used a secret Swiss bank account to avoid paying taxes in France.
(10) The sensitivity of the taste system to the various qualities was, in decreasing order, salty, sweet, sour, and bitter.
(11) Grace's ascent has also thrown a grenade into the bitter succession battle within Zanu-PF, which Mugabe has divided and ruled for decades.
(12) Denatonium, a very bitter substance, caused a rise in the intracellular calcium concentration due to release from internal stores in a small subpopulation of taste cells.
(13) I see myself in exactly the same situation as I saw myself yesterday, though obviously with the bitter disappointment of the failure of being knocked out.
(14) Stephen Joseph, its chief executive said: "This is bitter news for everyone who relies on the train to get to work, not least the large number of commuters in marginal constituencies who will be a key group at the next election."
(15) Lewis Wind Power, the joint venture company set up by Amec and British Energy, said it was "bitterly disappointed" by the decision.
(16) As night fell in Paris, despite the bitter cold, more than 5,000 people gathered under the imposing statue of Marianne, the symbol of the republic, to show their anger, grief and solidarity.
(17) The present alternative model of health care in China has evolved after prolonged and often bitter debate extending over twenty years.
(18) It is much less soluble and bitter and poses few stability problems when capsulated or tableted with aspirin.
(19) "They have given Mexicans the most bitter Christmas," Armando Martínez, the president of the College of Catholic Attorneys, told reporters.
(20) He says he is not bitter but his words are laced with hostility.