(n.) One of the starch group (C6H10O5)n of the carbohydrates; as, starch, arabin, dextrin, cellulose, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) The action pattern on amylose, soluble starch, and glycogen showed that the products were maltose and maltotriose.
(2) The fusion protein was readily isolated from whole cell lysate by amylose agarose affinity chromatography.
(3) Studies were made on the ultraviolet difference-spectra of glucoamylase from Rhizopus niveus [EC 3.2.1.3] specifically produced by the substrate maltose and the inhibitors, glucose, glucono-1: 5-lactone (gluconolactone), methyl beta-D-glucoside, cellubiose, and cyclohexa-, and cyclohepta-amyloses.
(4) The author demonstrated column and paper chromatographically that no or very little amylose is extracted when using HAMPEL's method for the colorimetric determination of starch damage ("amylose number").
(5) In addition, the kinetics at low concentrations of amylose, amylopectin and rabbit liver glycogen were non-linear for transglucosylase III.
(6) Amylose and, to a lesser extent, amylopectin resulted in biphasic growth when each replaced starch in the sporulation medium.
(7) The minimum length of amylose chain that can act as an acceptor in the transglycosylation reaction, under the experimental conditions described, is greater than 40 glucose units.
(8) From the measurements on the malto-oligomers it was possible to obtain, by extrapolation, the high DP limits of delta Cp and Tg, which are appropriate to amylose and amylopectin.
(9) The enzyme was repressed by glucose but formed at a constant differential rate on cellobiose and amylose.
(10) It was discussed whether both are to be considered species or biotypes of another Klebsiella species, however, by determining citrate as carbon source, by MR test and by tests on malonate, gluconate, methyl-xyloside, 1 (--) sorbose, inulin, amylose, methyl-d-mannoside, glycogen, melezitose, VP test, amygdalin, d-tartrate and gas from glucose, we arrived at the conclusion that both could be considered species of the genus.
(11) The fall in absorbance at 640 nm observed when the temperature of amylose - iodine complex in the presence of complexing agents is raised, and the subsequent regeneration of the absorbance on cooling, indicates the possible helix to random coil transition of the amylose chain in an aqueous system.
(12) Their occupancy has been studied using as a substrate maltooligosaccharide of various chain lengths (maltose up to maltoheptaose), some of their p- and o-nitrophenylated derivatives, and 412-residue amylose.
(13) The alpha-amylase (amylose substrate) required Cl(-) for maximum activity; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) partially inhibited activity, but CaCl(2) prevented EDTA inhibition.
(14) The polyamide 11 alpha-amylase derivative acted on amylose-azure in the same way as the water-soluble alpha-amylase.
(15) Porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1, abbreviated as PPA) hydrolyzes alpha-D-(1,4) glucosidic bonds in starch and amylose at random, and the optimum pH for the substrates is 6.9.
(16) To study the effect of the degree of chain branching, waxy starch, containing 98% amylopectin, was compared with high amylose starch, containing 30% amylopectin, and normal crystalline starch, containing 74% amylopectin.
(17) We have cloned the Wx gene from this allele and from two germinal derivatives, S5 and S9, that produce intermediate levels of amylose.
(18) In consideration of the fact that HAMPEL's solvent mixture extracts not only amylose from the damaged starch, the term of "amylose number" should be rejected and replaced by the term of formamide ammonium sulphate sulphosalicylic acid (FAS) method or formamide sodium sulphate sulphosalicylic acid (FNS) method.
(19) High resolution of amylose fractions (released by treatment of amylopectin with debranching enzyme) has been attained using pore-size gradient gel electrophoresis.
(20) The MalE hybrid proteins can be affinity purified on an amylose column using mild nondenaturing conditions and can be crystalized for structural studies; LamB hybrid proteins express the inserted peptide on the cell surface so that intact bacteria can be used as a reagent.
Sugar
Definition:
(n.) A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note below.
(n.) By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.
(n.) Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words.
(v. i.) In making maple sugar, to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize; to approach or reach the state of granulation; -- with the preposition off.
(v. t.) To impregnate, season, cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar with.
(v. t.) To cover with soft words; to disguise by flattery; to compliment; to sweeten; as, to sugar reproof.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results demonstrate that increased availability of galactose, a high-affinity substrate for the enzyme, leads to increased aldose reductase messenger RNA, which suggests a role for aldose reductase in sugar metabolism in the lens.
(2) In addition to the changes associated with blood group A, we also found a decrease in sugar content, alterations in other antigens, and changes in the levels of several glycosyltransferases in cancerous tissues.
(3) Their contour lengths varied from 0.28 to 51 micron, but unlike in the case of maize, a large difference was not observed in the distribution of molecular classes greater than 1.0 micron between N and S cytoplasms of sugar beet.
(4) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
(5) TK1 showed the most restricted substrate specificity but tolerated 3'-modifications of the sugar ring and some 5-substitutions of the pyrimidine ring.
(6) 500-MHz H-NMR spectroscopy of the oligosaccharides derived from gamma-seminoprotein, a human seminal plasma glycoprotein, revealed considerable microheterogeneity both with respect to the degree of branching and with regard to the peripheral sugars.
(7) The percentage of energy from fat and added sugars and the amount of sodium and fibre in the diet tended to increase with energy intake.
(8) D-Mannitol has not so far been known as a major product of sugar metabolism by yeasts.
(9) The concentration dependences of response of frog tongue to D-fructose, D-glucose, and sucrose were almost the same, D-galactose, however, elicited a much larger response in comparison with the other sugars in the whole range of concentrations examined.
(10) A brevibacterium, strain TH-4, previously isolated by aerobic enrichment on the monocyclic monoterpenoid cis-terpin hydrate as a sole carbon and energy source, was found to grow on alpha-terpineol and on a number of common sugars and organic acids.
(11) These results provide no support for the claims that aprotinin prevents the activation of sugar transport in muscle by contractile activity or that bradykinin is the muscle activity hypoglycemia factor.
(12) Increased erythrocyte levels of the pyrimidine-sugar UDP-glucose were also found in patients with the highest orotidine levels.
(13) Each of the three A toxins consists of a single basic polypeptide chain of 93 to 99 residues, cross-linked by three or four disulfide bonds, lacking reducing sugar and cysteinyl residues.
(14) Well-refined x-ray structures of the liganded forms of the wild-type and a mutant protein isolated from a strain defective in chemotaxis but fully competent in transport have provided a molecular view of the sugar-binding site and of a site for interacting with the Trg transmembrane signal transducer.
(15) Two newly discovered enzymes have the capacity to metabolize these sugars but are not essential for their catabolism in wild-type cells.
(16) Often, flavorings such as chocolate and strawberry and sugars are added to low-fat and skim milk to make up for the loss of taste when the fat is removed.
(17) All components studied, namely amino-sugars, hexoses and neuraminic acid increased with age in men.
(18) The presence of serum in the phagocytosis assay did not affect either phagocytosis of Phz-treated RBCs or inhibition by sugars.
(19) In addition, 5-imino-derivatives of daunorubicin modified at sugar moiety were less effective in stimulating NADH oxidation and oxygen radical production than 5-iminodaunorubicin itself.
(20) Photobinding of 8-methoxypsoralen to 2'-deoxyadenosine also occurs, with covalent bond formation between carbon 3 or 4 of the pyrone ring and the sugar moiety of the nucleoside.