(a.) Of, pertaining to, derived from, or possessed by, an ancestor or ancestors; as, an ancestral estate.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that chloramphenicol resistance encoded by Tn1696 is due to a permeability barrier and hypothesize that the gene from P. aeruginosa may share a common ancestral origin with these genes from other gram-negative organisms.
(2) The Mexican-Americans of Starr County, Texas, classified by sex and birthplace, were studied to determine the extent of genetic variation and contributions from ancestral populations such as Spanish, Amerindian and West African.
(3) From the decreased alignment at the N-terminus and the presence of additional residues compared with bacterial phosphorylases, we conclude that the regulatory sequences that also carry the phosphorylation site in the muscle enzyme were joined to a presumed ancestral precursor gene by gene fusion after separation of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic lines of descent.
(4) The HindIII restriction patterns of 3 of the ancestral S. enteritidis plasmids were identical to the modern 38 MDa plasmid, while all contained identical bands of 3.5, 2.7 and 1.9 kb.
(5) Before 1948, the Bedouin tribes lived and grazed their animals on much of the Negev, claiming ancestral rights to the land.
(6) The US had said a Kenyatta win would have "consequences" and, when president Barack Obama undertook on a tour of Africa in June and July, he did not visit his ancestral home.
(7) These results support a hypothesis which proposes that ancestral SIN virus diverged into two distinct groups.
(8) It is suggested that the multicopper oxidases have evolved from an ancestral copper protein which presumably contained all the ligands required for the binding of one binuclear and two additional mononuclear metal centers.
(9) The male is intermediate between the female and the ancestral condition observed in other turtle species.
(10) This result implies that these molecules arose by way of a series of partial gene duplications of a primitive gene that coded for a smaller ancestral protein.
(11) This implies that all of these neurotransmitter transporters may have evolved from a common ancestral gene that diverged into the GABA, glycine and catecholamine subfamilies at nearly the same time.
(12) PSI-G and PSI-K probably have evolved from a gene duplication of an ancestral gene.
(13) The results are interpreted to indicate that at least the C-terminal portions of the core histones evolved from a common ancestral protein.
(14) The approach is illustrated by several examples of previously unknown correspondences with important biological implications: Drosophila elongation factor Tu is shown to be encoded by two genes that are differently expressed during development; a cluster of three Drosophila genes likely encode maltases; a flesh-fly fat body protein resembles the hypothesized Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase ancestral protein; an unknown protein encoded at the multifunctional E. coli hisT locus resembles aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; and the E. coli tyrR protein is related to nitrogen regulatory proteins.
(15) Although most studies emphasise the similarity of the australopithecines to modern man, and suggest, therefore, that these creatures were bipedal tool-makers at least one form of which (Australopithecus africanus--"Homo habilis", "Homo africanus") was almost directly ancestral to man, a series of multivariate statistical studies of various postcranial fragments suggests other conclusions.
(16) The conservation of genomic organization, together with the high sequence homology, indicates that the mouse H+,K(+)-ATPase beta and Na+,K(+)-ATPase beta 2 subunit genes originated from a common ancestral gene.
(17) The manor house in The Private Patient has been sold by its ancestral owners to cover their debts and bought by self-made plastic surgeon George Chandler-Powell.
(18) Characterization of the gene organization within disease-associated ancestral haplotypes will provide new insights into the functional role and evolution of the major histocompatibility complex.
(19) Similarities observed between these two genes with respect to both peptidic sequence and intron position strongly suggested that this locus originated from the duplication of an ancestral transcription unit.
(20) Our findings substantially increase the evidence indicative of a human-chimpanzee-gorilla clade with ancestral separations around 8 to 6 Myr ago.
Progenitor
Definition:
(n.) An ancestor in the direct line; a forefather.
Example Sentences:
(1) The effects of in vivo administration of native prostaglandin E2 (PGE) on the cycling status of the granulocyte-monocyte progenitor cell (CFU-GM) were examined in a mouse model.
(2) In healthy persons the supernatant of lymphocytes preincubated with PHA and ALG was found to show a stimulating effect to clonogenic properties of marrow progenitors, the mentioned effect being not in proportion to the concentration value.
(3) We therefore think that the detailed examination of CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL cells using myeloid specific antibodies is helpful in clarifying the characteristics of myeloid precursors and the common bipotential stem cell of lymphoid and myeloid progenitors.
(4) The high levels of circulating progenitor cells in ALL and CLL patients clearly distinguish them from other cytopenic hematological malignancies, in which decreased progenitor cell levels have been demonstrated previously (acute myeloid leukemia, hairy cell leukemia).
(5) Studies on proliferation and differentiation of granulocyte-monocyte progenitor cells in Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) were done on a 1-month-old patient, using the soft-agar bone marrow culture technique.
(6) Certain mouse and human hematopoietic progenitor cells also contain an aldehyde dehydrogenase that catalyzes the detoxification of aldophosphamide, but the specific identity of this enzyme remains to be established.
(7) Mouse spleen cells rich in erythroid progenitors were washed free of endogenous Epo and then incubated in the absence of Epo.
(8) The bone marrow differentials and numbers of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFC-GM) were determined after irradiation with 1.5 Gy.
(9) However, the studies on 0-2A progenitor cells were carried out in bulk cultures of optic nerve, and so it was possible that other cell-cell interactions were required for differentiation in culture.
(10) In culture, GY30 cells sustain the production of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFU) but fail to support the survival of pluripotential stem cells (CFU-S).
(11) The development of T cells from stem (progenitor) cells to effector cells results from a two-wave process of proliferation and differentiation.
(12) No chemical or immunological differences were observed in the cell wall carbohydrate of the noncapsulated streptococcus, 89R50, and that of its capsulated progenitor.
(13) This is exemplified in lymphoma cells (chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B or T type, Sezary Syndrome, immunocytoma) that resemble mature and immunocompetent T and B cells, in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) (equivalent to thymus cells) and in non-T ALL (corresponding to lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow).
(14) We studied MDS-associated inhibitory activity, which inhibited colony formation in vitro of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM).
(15) In contrast, populations containing BFUe yielded a striking (sixfold for CFUe; 23-fold for e-clusters) expansion of late progenitors in the presence of Epo.
(16) The stem cell loss immediately following 55Fe injection is in our interpretation caused by rapid differentiation along the erythroid pathway in a response that involves all progenitor populations.
(17) We report here that human IL-6 and IL-3 act synergistically in support of the proliferation of progenitors for human blast cell colonies and that IL-1 alpha reveals no synergism with IL-3 when tested against purified human marrow progenitors.
(18) In addition, we have examined the ability of these fibroblasts and their conditioned medium (CM) to induce differentiation of human hemopoietic progenitor cells.
(19) AF and its deacetylated form inhibited the development of macrophage and granulocytic colonies from progenitor cells in human bone marrow even at concentrations less than or equal to 10(-9)M. The disease suppressive activity of AF could result in part from the reduction of cell numbers in arthritic lesions and our findings provide a mechanism for this possibility.
(20) Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SH) with an increased number of red blood cells (RBC), microcytosis, and normal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration were used to study the effect of different manipulations of the erythron on erythropoietin production and on erythroid progenitor proliferation by bone marrow cells in order to gain insight regarding the regulation of erythropoiesis.