(n.) An organic base belonging to the phenylamines. It may be regarded as ammonia in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced by the radical phenyl. It is a colorless, oily liquid, originally obtained from indigo by distillation, but now largely manufactured from coal tar or nitrobenzene as a base from which many brilliant dyes are made.
(a.) Made from, or of the nature of, aniline.
Example Sentences:
(1) Pretreatment of rats with 6-(3-picolyl)amino-2,2,5,8-tetramethylchromane (PATC) for 7 days resulted in a significant increase in the activities of benzphetamine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase in liver microsomes prepared 24 h after the last treatment.
(2) Comparison of the specific activities for aniline hydroxylation and p-nitrophenol hydroxylation of individual microsomal samples from control, ethanol-pretreated and phenobarbital-pretreated animals showed a high degree of correlation (r2 = 0.98) consistent with the involvement of the same site for catalysis of these two compounds.
(3) Chlordimeform had no effect on the cytochrome P-450 content, aniline p-hydroxylase or glutathione S-transferase activities, but induced ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase and epoxide hydrolase activities and decreased aldrin epoxidase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities.
(4) Intestinal aniline hydroxylation was refractory to ethanol induction.
(5) Incubation of aniline-metabolizing hepatocytes with disulfiram resulted in decreased formation of 4-aminophenol, but this was not associated with impaired glucuronidation or cytochrome P-450 levels.
(6) At 20 degrees C, in a phosphate buffer, pH 5,8--8,0, methanol and aniline interactions with hemoglobin and cytochrome c were studied using the difference spectrophotometry method.
(7) Activities of amidopyrine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, NADPH, cytochrome c reductase as well as content of cytochromes P-450 and b5 were studied in liver tissue of rats within 1, 3, 7, 10, 20 and 30 days of hypokinesia caused by maintaining of the animals in individual cell-cases.
(8) In contrast, menadione does not change the type II binding spectrum induced by aniline.
(9) Enzymatic polymerization took place on the surface of BOD-adsorbed solid matrix which was in contact with a buffer solution containing aniline.
(10) In NADPH-containing microsomal systems with 4-fluoro-substituted anilines, formation of the 4-hydroxyaniline derivative is observed because NADPH chemically reduces this quinoneimine metabolite.
(11) The activity of aniline hydroxylase was significantly increased in liver microsomes of EHBR whereas the activity of ethylmorphine N-demethylase was found to be significantly decreased in EHBR as compared to control rats.
(12) When compared to the first day, methemoglobin (MetHb) levels, measured prior to and following the exposure, increased with the days of exposure at 50 ppm aniline.
(13) Although metabolic attack occurred adjacent to either the aniline nitrogen or the aliphatic amine, metabolic attack occurred primarily adjacent to the more basic nitrogen at the 1'-position, even when this position bore a methyl substituent.
(14) Carbon monoxide inhibits the hydroxylase activity of the tissue-free system to a smaller extent than that of a system containing microsomes plus haemoglobin whereas p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibits only the flavoprotein-dependent hydroxylation of aniline mediated by haemoglobin.
(15) The profiles of urinary metabolites produced by rats and mice were not appreciably different in animals predosed with aniline.
(16) The results indicate that aniline degrading populations of these various microbial communities exhibit different activities probably depending on the extent of adaptation to pollutants to which the microbes are exposed.
(17) A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of nanomole quantities of aniline; its metabolites o- and p-aminophenol, phenylhydroxylamine, nitrosobenzene and nitrobenzene; and azobenzene and azoxybenzene which form non-enzymatically by condensation of reactive metabolites.
(18) A series of ortho-quinone analogues 1-28 of podophyllotoxin possessing various C-4 beta-aniline moieties have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against human DNA topoisomerase II, their activity in causing cellular protein-linked DNA breakage, and their cytotoxicity against KB cells.
(19) The inhibitory effect of the nitroso-compound is demonstrated to be non-competitive on aminopyrine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase.
(20) Compared with the control values, the levamisole treatment significantly increased the amount of cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 and the in-vitro activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, benzphetamine N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase.
Colourless
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) The red free radical is readily reduced quantitatively by isoniazid to the colourless chloropromazine.
(2) The end point of serum titration is the last well containing colourless medium.
(3) Based on their spectral transmission, the lenses of 50 teleost species can be classified into three categories: "type 1" colourless lenses with 50% transmission points between 315 and 354 nm, "type 2" lenses which also appear colourless but have 50% cut-off points around 362-405 nm, and "type 3" lenses which are visibly yellow (50% transmission 425-450 nm).
(4) Last September, when Barack Obama's approval ratings were in the low to mid-40s and a clear majority of Americans said he did not deserve a second term, veteran pollster Charlie Cook described his ideal Republican opponent as "odourless and colourless".
(5) Now, with the gruesome killing of Farooq, a senior if largely colourless figure, the bloodshed appears to have spread from Pakistan to the streets of north London.
(6) Eosinophil colonies appear strongly stained in black whereas other types of colonies (neutrophils and macrophages) remain colourless.
(7) Unbound bilirubin is oxidized to nearly colourless substances in the presence of H2O2 or ethyl hydroperoxide and horseradish peroxidase.
(8) Granular cells (cells crowded with colourless granules staining with paraldehyde fuchsin according to Gomori-Gabe and not containing calcium) are independent cells in the connective tissue of Helix pomatia.
(9) Stratum corneum was obtained by tape stripping of volar forearm skin after the skin surface had been painted with colourless nail varnish.
(10) Perfluorodecalin is a clear colourless fluid with high specific gravity.
(11) Normally the synovial fluid of bovines is a clear, colourless or straw coloured, viscous, non-coagulable liquid with a normal mucin precipitate quality.
(12) For Disney animation has a long history of LGBT coding, intended and otherwise, that makes Beauty and the Beast’s more “official” gay gestures look rather colourless.
(13) The larger cysts protruded from the liver surfaces and contained a colourless, clear, serous fluid and caused pathological change in 5-60 per cent of the hepatic parenchyma.
(14) VX, a clear, colourless liquid with the consistency of engine oil, was developed in the UK in the 1950s during research into pesticides but was found to be too toxic to be used safely.
(15) In some organisms, both enzymes are localized in the same region, which finally leads to the formation of hydrasine tetrazolium, a soluble colourless compound, but not of diformazan, an insoluble stained derivative of tetrazolium nitroblue.
(16) Natural water suitable for direct bottling must be clear, colourless, and free from objectionable taste and odour.
(17) In addition to biochemical changes in response to variations in the ratio of availability of various resources (photons, N, P) there are also structural changes; significant here is the increased occurrence of (often colourless) hairs in haptophytes and (probably) of enhanced rhizoid development in rhizophytes.
(18) Puncture produced clear, colourless fluid without signs of inflammatory changes.
(19) We are seeing this level of impact to coral reefs around the world from Hawaii to the Florida Keys, from Madagascar to Indonesia.” He said what he saw in other reefs around the world took his breath away: “Not a fish in site, colourless, ghost-like coral, a complete graveyard.” In response, Queensland’s deputy premier, Jackie Trad, invited DiCaprio to come and see the reef for himself.
(20) It is one of the most powerful explosives made today and is a favourite among terrorists because its colourless crystals are hard to detect in a sealed container.