(v. t.) To subject to great heat, and then cool slowly, as glass, cast iron, steel, or other metal, for the purpose of rendering it less brittle; to temper; to toughen.
(v. t.) To heat, as glass, tiles, or earthenware, in order to fix the colors laid on them.
Example Sentences:
(1) Single-stranded circles did not form if a limited number of nucleotides were removed from the 3' ends of native molecules by Escherichia coli exonuclease III digestion prior to denaturation and annealing.
(2) Single-stranded linear DNAs were prepared by separating strands of duplex molecules or by cleaving single-stranded circles at a unique restriction site created by annealing a short defined oligonucleotide to the circle.
(3) Optimum specific amplification resulted when the primer annealing temperature was 60 degrees C. The gene fragment was amplifiable in 25 different Brucella species and strains.
(4) The solution conformation of an antibacterial protein sapecin has been determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and dynamical simulated annealing calculations.
(5) The UV sensitivity was found to increase with increasing preliminary gamma exposure above 10(-2)Ckg-1 (after a post-irradiation anneal at 300 degrees C for 1 h).
(6) The addition of Mg2+ to the dialyzing solution resulted in the formation of short intermediate-sized filaments even at 4 degrees C. Further dialysis of the short intermediate-sized filaments against reassembly solution containing both NaCl and MgCl2 at 37 degrees C failed to elongate them into longer filaments, suggesting that annealing does not contribute to the elongation of neurofilaments.
(7) The crystal structure of the complex between neuraminidase from influenza virus (subtype N9 and isolated from an avian source) and the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of monoclonal antibody NC41 has been refined by both least-squares and simulated annealing methods to an R-factor of 0.191 using 31,846 diffraction data in the resolution range 8.0 to 2.5 A.
(8) The transcript, analyzed by DNA-RNA hybridization, shows two major kinetic components: 40% of the transcript is copied by repetitive sequences present 100 times per haploid genome; another 25% anneals to DNA with a rate constant Kh 10-4 M - S-1, typical of single-copy sequences.
(9) Furthermore, globin mRNA has a 3'-terminal sequence of adenylic acid residues that make it particularly suitable as a template, since oligo(dT) can be annealed to a specific site on the mRNA.
(10) The thermal cycle sequencing procedures are advantageous because they allow fast and simple semiautomation of the sequencing reaction; make possible the direct DNA sequencing of PCR products, bacterial colonies and phage plaques; require only femtomoles of template DNA; eliminate the requirement of an independent primer annealing step; remove the requirement of denatured plasmids for sequencing double-stranded templates; and use a highly thermostable DNA polymerase for sequencing through potential recalcitrant secondary structure domains and large linear double-stranded DNA templates such as lambda derivatives.
(11) When 18 to 19S and 12 to 15S viral RNAs purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation were similarly analyzed, late RNA inhibited hybridization of 18 to 19S RNA 50%, and the annealing of 12 to 15S RNA was inhibited 70%.
(12) Partial degradation of these DNA molecules by exonuclease III predisposes some of them to form circles upon annealing, but indicating they are terminally redundant.
(13) The procedures are only intermediate phases and are without any significant role, since the end-result is, after annealing and polishing, as expected.
(14) The results indicate that the relaxed circles consist of a population containing one interruption in either of the two strands of the duplex jointly representing the two "nicks" contained in Hershey circles (in which the cohesive ends are annealed).
(15) The method is based on the priming of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by an oligonucleotide complementary to the DNA sequence containing the mutation of interest, which anneals only to the perfectly matched sequence under high stringency conditions.
(16) Molecular probes from the gp150 locus annealed with a 4.0-kb polyadenylated RNA transcript derived from human myeloid cell lines and from tertiary mouse cell transformants.
(17) spectra at various annealing stages from alpha- and beta-D-glucose together with 6,6-d2-D-glucose, 6-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, glucose-1-phosphate, D-xylose, D-allose and D-mannose indicates radical formation at all possible carbon sites with a strong preference for C1 and a somewhat enhanced contribution of C4 over the statistical expectation.
(18) After gel electrophoresis and blotting the amplification product is identified by hybridization with a third oligonucleotide recognizing the region between the two primer annealing sites, and by restriction mapping.
(19) In this article we experimentally determine the optimal annealing temperature (TaOPT) values for several primer-template pairs and develop a method for its calculation.
(20) Use of the sequence annealing in the calorimetric measurement allows to decompose the total thermogram of rod into four elementary bands with maxima at 42, 46.5, 50 and 57 degrees C. Fluorescence changes occur at temperatures which coincide with the first, second and fourth calorimetric peaks.
Strengthen
Definition:
(v. t.) To make strong or stronger; to add strength to; as, to strengthen a limb, a bridge, an army; to strengthen an obligation; to strengthen authority.
(v. t.) To animate; to encourage; to fix in resolution.
(v. i.) To grow strong or stronger.
Example Sentences:
(1) Schneiderlin, valued at an improbable £27m, and the currently injured Jay Rodriguez are wanted by their former manager Mauricio Pochettino at Spurs, but the chairman Ralph Krueger has apparently called a halt to any more outgoings, saying: “They are part of the core that we have decided to keep at Southampton.” He added: “Jay Rodriguez and Morgan Schneiderlin are not for sale and they will be a part of our club as we enter the new season.” The new manager Ronald Koeman has begun rebuilding by bringing in Dusan Tadic and Graziano Pellè from the Dutch league and Krueger said: “We will have players coming in, we will make transfers to strengthen the squad.
(2) Now, as the Senate takes up a weakened House bill along with the House's strengthened backdoor-proof amendment, it's time to put focus back on sweeping reform.
(3) In order for the club to grow and sustain its ability to be a competitive force in the Premier League, the board has made a number of decisions which will strengthen the club, support the executive team, manager and his staff and enhance shareholder return.
(4) The former Stoke City manager Pulis had reportedly been left frustrated by the club failing to push through deals for various players he targeted to strengthen the Palace squad.
(5) Moreover, it allows the clinician to be alert towards findings which could be missed when not carefully searched for and which may be useful to raise or strengthen the suspicion of this disease.
(6) Possible explanations of the clinical gains include 1) psychological encouragement, 2) improvements of mechanical efficiency, 3) restoration of cardiovascular fitness, thus breaking a vicous circle of dyspnoea, inactivity and worsening dyspnoea, 4) strengthening of the body musculature, thus reducing the proportion of anaerobic work, 5) biochemical adaptations reducing glycolysis in the active tissues, and 6) indirect responses to such factors as group support, with advice on smoking habits, breathing patterns and bronchial hygiene.
(7) The appointment of the mayor of London's brother, who formally becomes a Cabinet Office minister, is one of a series of moves designed to strengthen the political operation in Downing Street and to patch up the prime minister's frayed links with the Conservative party.
(8) It added that the crisis had highlighted significant weaknesses in financial regulation, with further measures needed to strengthen supervision.
(9) By its pragmatic conception, modifications obtained by psychoactive agents are used (antidepressants of the group imipramine and IMAO, classical benzodiazepines and alprazolam, provocation controlled in laboratory) in order to strengthen innovating hypotheses and allow to elaborate useful treatment strategies for neuroses.
(10) These observations further strengthen our model for congenital transmission of T. pallidum during pregnancy.
(11) Discussions will cover international efforts to strengthen Ukraine's economy and energy security and help with constitutional reforms, including next month's presidential election.
(12) The induction of donor-type RCS during the GVHR strengthens the concept of lymphomagenesis through persistent stimulation with antigen(s).
(13) Progress in orthognathic surgery as well as the special methods now available for proper setting of osteotomic segments, diagnostic aids and therapeutic possibilities of orthodontics have considerably strengthened the case today for giving adults a combined treatment.
(14) Strengthening of the Montreal Protocol is recently being negotiated in London in 1990 in order to achieve further reductions of the regulated CFCs and to include possibly more substances.
(15) Results with the model strengthen the hypothesis that tetraethylammonium (TEA) acts on both the maximum potassium conductance (gK) and the mechanism of sodium conductance inactivation (Tauh) to lengthen the action potential as observed on the Ranvier node (fig.
(16) "At first sight, today's announcement of an independent commissioner is a missed opportunity to strengthen our co-ordinated approach to addressing these very serious matters.
(17) This relationship was strengthened when the results obtained in this study were combined with those from a previous study which examined the relationship between SCE induction and cell survival in Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to simple alkylating agents.
(18) Any ruling from the court that strengthens suspicions that Zardari may have had a hand in the memo could be politically damaging to him.
(19) "The government will have a policy of zero tolerance for violence against women, and will strengthen the criminal justice system for its effective implementation," the president told a joint sitting of parliament.
(20) With the first prosecutions under way in the UK and Guinea-Bissau , an increased focus on strengthening the law in Kenya , and a rare conviction in Uganda , positive moves are being made in several countries to implement laws that ban female genital mutilation (FGM).