(n.) One who contends with another, especially in combat; an adversary; an opponent.
(n.) A muscle which acts in opposition to another; as a flexor, which bends a part, is the antagonist of an extensor, which extends it.
(n.) A medicine which opposes the action of another medicine or of a poison when absorbed into the blood or tissues.
(a.) Antagonistic; opposing; counteracting; as, antagonist schools of philosophy.
Example Sentences:
(1) This death is also dependent on the presence of chloride and is prevented with the non-selective EAA antagonist, kynurenic acid, but is not prevented by QA.
(2) Microionophoretically applied excitatory amino acids induced firing of extracellularly recorded single units in a tissue slice preparation of the mouse cochlear nucleus, and the similarly applied antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (2APV) was demonstrated to be a selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist.
(3) Meanwhile the efficiency of muscarinic antagonists in inhibition of tremor reaction induced by arecoline administration is associated with interaction between the drugs and the M2-subtype.
(4) The anticonvulsant properties of the endogenous excitatory amino acid antagonist, kynurenic acid (KYA), were studied in prepubescent and adult rats using the amygdaloid kindling model of epilepsy.
(5) A novel bicyclic prostaglandin analogue, (1S)-[1 alpha,2 alpha(Z),3 alpha,4 alpha]-7-[3-[(hexylthio)methyl]-7- oxabicyclo [2.2.1]hept-2-yl]-5-heptenoic acid ((-)-10), and its cogeners were found to be potent antagonists at the TxA2 receptor.
(6) This difference was abolished by exposure of the slices to propranolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist.
(7) The TxA2 antagonistic effects of KW-3635 were compared with that of daltroban in PRP from various animals species.
(8) In experiments performed to determine whether PtdIns(4,5)P2 hydrolysis induced by TRH may have been caused by the elevation of [Ca2+]i, the following results were obtained: the effect of TRH to decrease the level of PtdIns(4,5)P2 was not reproduced by the calcium ionophore A23187 or by membrane depolarization with 50 mM K+; the calcium antagonist TMB-8 did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2; and, most importantly, inhibition by EGTA of the elevation of [Ca2+]i did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2.
(9) Similarly, 50 microM D-600, a Ca+2 channel antagonist, significantly (P less than 0.01) reduced basal and 5-HETE-induced PRL release.
(10) Selective removal of endothelium had no effect on BK-induced contraction or the action of the antagonists.
(11) The second experiments entailed use of the nonspecific opiate antagonist, naloxone, as well as the specific delta antagonist, ICI 154,129, against seizures induced by icv-administered morphine, morphiceptin, DADL, or DSLET.
(12) These antagonists reverse NMDA-mediated long term influence in these brain areas.
(13) This novel mechanism of receptor regulation, named transmodulation, should be distinguished from the reduction in total receptor number caused by the homologous ligand (downregulation) and from the change in affinity produced by the binding of agonists or antagonists to the same receptor site.
(14) Furthermore, the ability of a vasopressin antagonist to lower arterial pressure in NTS hypertensive rats was markedly attenuated by clonidine treatment.
(15) All of the serotonergic antagonists studied had additional effects on the response of the coronary artery to electrical stimulation or to norepinephrine.
(16) Their receptive fields comprise a temporally and spatially linear mechanism (center plus antagonistic surround) that responds to relatively low spatial frequency stimuli, and a temporally nonlinear mechanism, coextensive with the linear mechanism, that--though broad in extent--responds best to high spatial-frequency stimuli.
(17) The effects of low doses of dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel antagonists nimodipine, nifedipine, (-)-R-202-791, and amlodipine, the DHP calcium channel agonist BAY K 8644 were investigated on clonic convulsions to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in mice.
(18) Addition in the cultures of 4-deoxypyridoxine, a potent antagonist of vitamin B6 coenzymes, concurrently with the mitogen, inhibits the induction of serine hydroxymethyltransferase.
(19) These results suggest that prevention of xenograft rejection using PAF-antagonist in association with other methods should be further investigated.
(20) The high concentrations of gonadotropins present in immature female rats by the end of the second week of life were suppressed by treatment with an antagonist against luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH-A; Org.
Nemesis
Definition:
(n.) The goddess of retribution or vengeance; hence, retributive justice personified; divine vengeance.
Example Sentences:
(1) Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the authoritarian, neo-Islamist president – and Davutoğlu’s political nemesis – has a less positive view of the EU.
(2) When Philip Roth accepted the biennial International Booker prize honouring some 60 years of his fiction, from Goodbye, Columbus to Nemesis , he sat at a wooden table in the studio adjoining his airy Connecticut retreat looking as much like a retired priest, or judge, as the Grand Old Man of American letters, pushing 79.
(3) The Labour MP Frank Field , chair of the work and pensions committee, whose role in the MPs’ inquiry into the collapse of BHS has put him into the role of Green’s nemesis, said the businessman appeared willing to lose his reputation rather than “surrender a modest part of his mega-fortune” to aid BHS pensioners.
(4) We loathe each other," is the latest from his nemesis on that.)
(5) In a wide-ranging interview, he discussed the mining crisis, his nemesis, Julius Malema , gay rights in Africa and that painting.
(6) Perhaps the ugliest was for MI6 to deliver a whole family to one of the world’s most brutal dictators.” Sapna Malik, of Leigh Day, the law firm representing the families, said: “The sheer terror experienced by the Saadi family when they were bundled on to their rendition flight and delivered up to their nemesis clearly lives with them all to this day.
(7) This week, the supreme court limited Cunha’s powers, and government supporters claim their nemesis is now a fatally weakened figure.
(8) The showrunner Steven Moffat said there was a "clue everybody's missed" after Holmes's standoff with his nemesis, Moriarty.
(9) The current president, Benigno Aquino , is the only son and namesake of the late strongman’s political nemesis, whose assassination in 1983 led to the popular uprising three years later.
(10) They visit the homes of Walter and Jesse, the fast-food restaurant of Walter's nemesis Gus Fring, and the carwash where Walter's wife Skyler launders their money.
(11) So begins the final shootout between Pendleton and her one-time nemesis Anna Meares of Australia, usually unfairly billed as the Bad to Pendleton's Good, (the role of the Ugly would be played by the UCI commissaires).
(12) Premier League full-backs have been a nemesis for Lionel Messi but he did rather well here even before he notched the second goal.
(13) On February 9, in Florida, Burge was confronted once again by his old legal nemesis, attorney Flint Taylor, for a deposition in one of the sprawling torture cases his police legacy spawned.
(14) The London mayor, Boris Johnson , is to star as an Indiana Jones-style adventurer battling villains such as his nemesis, Dr Livingstone, in a comic strip distributed with the latest edition of Time Out magazine.
(15) When he ousted Enrico Letta from power in February in a party rebellion, the then mayor of Florence and recently elected head of the PD faced a barrage of criticism from those who found it jarring that a politician who had always styled himself as the nemesis of the political old guard took power in what they saw as a straightforward coup.
(16) In less than a year, president Hassan Rouhani must seek re-election, and his nemesis – the former hardline president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad – is watching him closely, readying himself for a challenge.
(17) By the time the dust finally settled in Virginia's primary election earthquake just 7,212 votes separated the House majority leader, Eric Cantor, from his Tea Party nemesis, David Brat.
(18) A graduate in engineering from the École Centrale in Paris 20 years ago, Iksil had become so well known in the opaque $10tn market for credit default swaps – a complex type of insurance product – that he was nicknamed the "London Whale" and also known as Voldemort, after Harry Potter's nemesis.
(19) Her nemesis on the select committee Tom Watson wrote, "You're a remarkable character, Louise.
(20) Ferré arrived and I accidentally called him by the name of his nemesis – Karl Lagerfeld.