() A prefix from a Greek preposition. It usually signifies from, away from, off, or asunder, separate; as, in apocope (a cutting off), apostate, apostle (one sent away), apocarpous.
Example Sentences:
(1) Fibroblasts from WHHL rabbits bound little, if any, human LDL, an apo B-containing lipoprotein, in 4 degrees C equilibrium binding experiments.
(2) 5) The rates of inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, apo-ornithine aminotransferase [EC 2.6.1.13], apo-tyrosine aminotransferase [EC 2.6.1.5], apo-cystathionase [EC 4.4.1.1], glucokinase [EC 2.7.1.2], glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.2.1.12], and malate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.37] by the new cathepsin were higher than those by cathepsin B.
(3) Both Apo AI (48%) and Apo AII (5.5%) were greatly diminished and Apo E was present in remarkably high amounts (39%) with two additional isoforms (Apo E'1 and Apo E'2).
(4) This technique also revealed that the apo(a) isoform pattern of aortic homogenate was comparable to the individual serum pattern.
(5) Moreover, a prominent reduction in serum Apo A-1 was found in dialysed diabetic patients.
(6) Overall, there was a significant inverse correlation between apo(a) mRNA size and its concentration in the liver, despite a marked interindividual variability in the relative amounts of similar-sized transcripts.
(7) These findings suggest an increased central pool free cholesterol synthesis in individuals possessing the apo epsilon-4 versus epsilon-2 allele.
(8) There were 412 plasma samples (59.5%) that contained a single band, 274 (39.6%) contained two bands, and only 6 (0.9%) had no detectable apo[a] band.
(9) These variations in apo C-II were closely correlated with the plasma clearance of triglyceride.
(10) The present experiment was conducted to determine if a single direct dopamine (DA) agonist, apomorphine (APO), pretreatment could produce a rapid uncoupling of the striatal DA D-2 receptor from its G-proteins.
(11) The PvuII-CIII and PvuII-AIV polymorphisms were both associated with differences in apo AI levels, explaining 3.7%-5.7% of the sample variance.
(12) The association constant for the complex of melittin with apo-alpha-lactalbumin determined from spectropolarimetric melittin-titration data is 2 X 10(7) M-1.
(13) Metabolic evaluations, which included measurements of fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipids, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoproteins (Apo A1, Apo A2 and Apo B), were performed before treatment and every 3rd cycle during the treatment period.
(14) From these results, we conclude that Apo A-II may be effective as a biological marker for alcohol drinking independent of Apo A-I and HDLC, while cigarette smoking may affect Apo B through a certain direct mechanical effect.
(15) When the effect of apo E polymorphism on serum lipid traits was estimated in boys and girls separately, variation at the apo E gene locus explained 10.4, 13.3, 13.3, and 13.5% of the phenotypic variance in serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apo B, and HDL-E levels, respectively, in boys, while in girls only the effect on HDL-E levels (19.3%) reached statistical significance.
(16) The ability to induce apoAI and apoCII and the kinetics with which they respond to low levels of estrogen correlate with levels of nuclear type I estrogen binding sites, while increases in apoE and apoB synthesis in response to high concentrations of hormone correlate with the induction of type II sites.
(17) We have isolated, by anti-LDL affinity chromatography, apo B-containing lipoproteins from homogenates of atherosclerotic plaques excised from the human aorta.
(18) The frequencies of the apo A-IV alleles in this sample were f(A-IV1) = 0.919, f(A-IV2) = 0.077, and f(A-IV3) = 0.004.
(19) Previous studies suggest that during nerve regeneration apoE acts as a lipid transport protein that assists in the rapid initial extension of axons and then in their myelination.
(20) That fraction was distinct from the lipoproteins principally responsible for the increase in apo B and cholesterol levels in those animals.
Apod
Definition:
(n.) Alt. of Apodal
(n.) Alt. of Apode
Example Sentences:
(1) The findings of both apoD and LCAT synthesis in the brain suggest that they play a significant role in lipid transport in the brain.
(2) ApoD, isolated by a procedure combining hydroxylapatite and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, migrated on 7% polyacrylamide gel as a single band with a mobility intermediate between those of A-II and C-II polypeptides.
(3) However, immunocytochemical localization of apoD in 12 tissues (liver, kidney, bladder, adrenal, cerebrum, duodenum, testis, lung, spleen, pancreas, heart, and skin) showed that a variety of cells contained substantial levels of apolipoprotein.
(4) Carbohydrate analysis demonstrated that ApoD is a glycoprotein with glucose, mannose, galactose, glucosamine, and sialic acid accounting for 18% of the dry weight of ApoD.
(5) The role of ApoD in the plasma lipoprotein system remains to be discovered, but the recent, rapid increase in our knowledge of this protein suggests that it plays an important role in the homeostasis or housekeeping of probably all organs.
(6) The importance of the Stiles-Crawford apodization depends on the wave aberration of the individual subject, but in general it produces an improvement in image quality, and the modulation transfer function becomes more symmetrical.
(7) The relationship between the ultrasound beam and the observed signal spectrum has been investigated by employing a computer-based model of the ultrasound field which enabled the calculation of: 1, pressure (amplitude and phase angle) field distributions from plane disc and focused transducers with unapodized and apodized aperture field distributions; 2, the Doppler signal from a scatterer moving through the field; and 3, the spectrum of this signal.
(8) When injected into rabbits it produced antisera that reacted only with ApoD.
(9) It is concluded that a fraction of human apoD, like other cysteine-containing apolipoproteins, exists as a disulfide-linked heterodimer with other apolipoproteins in all major human lipoprotein fractions.
(10) Thus, our results show that the apoD gene is expressed mainly in peripheral organs, with levels as high as 59-fold that of the liver, unlike other apolipoproteins.
(11) This report describes further studies on the characterization of apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a recently recognized human plasma apolipoprotein, and presents results on the isolation and distribution of its lipoprotein form, lipoprotein D (LP-D).
(12) In this report we have identified the apolipoprotein by partial amino acid sequence analysis as apolipoprotein (apo) D. Characterization of rat apoD by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed it to be composed of a series of molecular weight isoforms of between 27 kDa and 31 kDa that increase 2 kDa in apparent molecular mass upon reduction.
(13) The chemical structure of the natural ligand, or ligands, of ApoD in normal cells in vivo or in culture is not known, but ApoD has been shown to bind some steroids and bilirubin.
(14) Results showed that patients with GSD-I have a unique apolipoprotein profile characterized by normal or slightly decreased levels of ApoA-I and ApoA-II, reduced concentrations of ApoD, and significantly increased levels of ApoC-I and ApoC-II (p less than 0.01) and ApoB, ApoC-III, and ApoE (p less than 0.0001) in comparison with age- and sex-matched normolipidemic controls.
(15) All plasmas tested contained apoD and an Mr 38,000 antigen, the latter being the most immunoreactive.
(16) The reactions of antibodies to apoA-I, apoA-II, apoE, apoB, apoD, and apoA-IV have revealed discrete bands of particles which differ widely in size and apolipoprotein composition.
(17) The structure of ApoD and its sites of synthesis have been discovered.
(18) Specifically, apoD mRNA was abundant near blood vessels and was expressed mostly in fibroblast-like cells, in particular in the testis, the efferent ducts, the ductus epididymis, the lung, and the subarachnoid space of the CNS.
(19) This high degree of similarity shows that the rabbit system can be used as a model for apoD studies.
(20) In this report, we have identified two apolipoproteins (apo), apoD and apoA-IV, that, together with the previously identified apoA-I and apoE, accumulate in the regenerating peripheral nerve.