What's the difference between apparent and certain?

Apparent


Definition:

  • (a.) Capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye; within sight or view.
  • (a.) Clear or manifest to the understanding; plain; evident; obvious; known; palpable; indubitable.
  • (a.) Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming; as the apparent motion or diameter of the sun.
  • (n.) An heir apparent.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) A slight varus angle of 2.1 degrees became apparent.
  • (2) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
  • (3) Apparently, the irradiation with visible light of a low intensity creates an additional proton gradient and thus stimulates a new replication and division cycle in the population of cells whose membranes do not have delta pH necessary for the initiation of these processes.
  • (4) Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation by [gamma-32P]ATP of two proteins of apparent Mr = 20,000 and 7,000 that were concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum, but the stimulation was markedly dependent on the presence of added soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.
  • (5) From these data it is possible to predict theoretically the apparent temperature difference as seen by an infrared scanner or radiometer with a detector of which the spectral detectivity, D (lambda), is known.
  • (6) Western blot analysis of these mitochondria using an antibody against carnitine palmitoyltransferase II purified from beef heart demonstrates a 68-kDa protein, which under ischemic conditions apparently is decreased by 2 kDa.
  • (7) ASF-II was purified to apparent homogeneity by using concanavalin A-agarose affinity chromatography, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, alumina gel adsorption, and isoelectric focussing techniques.
  • (8) Schneiderlin, valued at an improbable £27m, and the currently injured Jay Rodriguez are wanted by their former manager Mauricio Pochettino at Spurs, but the chairman Ralph Krueger has apparently called a halt to any more outgoings, saying: “They are part of the core that we have decided to keep at Southampton.” He added: “Jay Rodriguez and Morgan Schneiderlin are not for sale and they will be a part of our club as we enter the new season.” The new manager Ronald Koeman has begun rebuilding by bringing in Dusan Tadic and Graziano Pellè from the Dutch league and Krueger said: “We will have players coming in, we will make transfers to strengthen the squad.
  • (9) Release of 51Cr was apparently a function of immune thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) because it was abrogated by prior incubation of spleen cells with anti-thymus antiserum and complement but was undiminished by passage of spleen cells through nylon-wool columns.
  • (10) Cellular radial expansion was apparently unaffected by exposure to electric fields.
  • (11) The compressive strength of bone is proportional to the square of the apparent density and to the strain rate raised to the 0.06 power.
  • (12) Reasonably good agreement is seen between theoretical apparent rate-vesicle concentration relationships and those measured experimentally.
  • (13) The product of the ugpQ gene, expressed in minicells, has an apparent molecular weight of 17,500.
  • (14) In normal seminal vesicle, the reaction product was apparently more abundant in columnar and basal cells than in other cell types.
  • (15) We present a mathematical model that is suitable to reconcile this apparent contradiction in the interpretation of the epidemiological data: the observed parallel time series for the spread of AIDS in groups with different risk of infection can be realized by computer simulation, if one assumes that the outbreak of full-blown AIDS only occurs if HIV and a certain infectious coagent (cofactor) CO are present.
  • (16) Pedigree studies have suggested that there may be an inherited predisposition to many apparently nonfamilial colorectal cancers and a genetic model of tumorigenesis in common colorectal cancer has been proposed that includes the activation of dominantly acting oncogenes and the inactivation of growth suppressor genes.
  • (17) At 100 microM-ACh the apparent open time became shorter probably due to channel blockade by ACh molecules.
  • (18) For SP and NKA the decrease was apparent in all brain regions and both in the right and left hemispheres.
  • (19) Glucocorticoids have been shown in in vitro systems to inhibit the release of arachidonic acid metabolites, namely prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes, apparently, via the induction of a phospholipase A2 inhibitory protein, called lipocortin.
  • (20) The authors examined an eye obtained post-mortem from a patient with chronic granulomatous disease of childhood and clinically apparent chorioretinal scars.

Certain


Definition:

  • (a.) Assured in mind; having no doubts; free from suspicions concerning.
  • (a.) Determined; resolved; -- used with an infinitive.
  • (a.) Not to be doubted or denied; established as a fact.
  • (a.) Actually existing; sure to happen; inevitable.
  • (a.) Unfailing; infallible.
  • (a.) Fixed or stated; regular; determinate.
  • (a.) Not specifically named; indeterminate; indefinite; one or some; -- sometimes used independenty as a noun, and meaning certain persons.
  • (n.) Certainty.
  • (n.) A certain number or quantity.
  • (adv.) Certainly.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) One hour after direct mechanical cardiomassage (DMCM) a moderately pronounced edema of the intercellular spaces in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium, normal content of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases, and a certain decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases were noted.
  • (2) Work on humoral responses has focused on lysozyme, the hemagglutinins (especially in the oyster), and the clearance of certain antigens.
  • (3) Stress is laid on certain principles of diagnostic research in the event of extra-suprarenal pheochromocytomas.
  • (4) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
  • (5) A segment of vas deferens was transplanted to the contralateral deferens with the intention of improving treatment for certain cases of infertility caused by obstruction.
  • (6) hypoglossal nucleus), whereas in other areas the angiotensinogen gene was expressed only in a certain population of glial cells.
  • (7) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
  • (8) Certainly, Saunders did not land a single blow that threatened to stop his opponent, although he took quite a few himself that threatened his titles in the final few rounds.
  • (9) We present a mathematical model that is suitable to reconcile this apparent contradiction in the interpretation of the epidemiological data: the observed parallel time series for the spread of AIDS in groups with different risk of infection can be realized by computer simulation, if one assumes that the outbreak of full-blown AIDS only occurs if HIV and a certain infectious coagent (cofactor) CO are present.
  • (10) HDAra-C in combination with anthracyclines is now considered to be a treatment which may afford some hope of a cure in a certain percentage of cases of adult acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.
  • (11) These results suggest that a certain minimum level of expression of c-myc is required for the maintenance of ras transformation in NIH 3T3 cells.
  • (12) This "paradox of redistribution" was certainly observable in Britain, where Welfare retained its status as one of the 20th century's most exalted creations, even while those claiming benefits were treated with ever greater contempt.
  • (13) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
  • (14) Accumulating evidence indicates that for most tumors, the switch to the angiogenic phenotype depends upon the outcome of a balance between angiogenic stimulators and angiogenic inhibitors, both of which may be produced by tumor cells and perhaps by certain host cells.
  • (15) The findings indicate that these spaces were lined by a lipid monolayer which formed bilayered lamellae under certain conditions.
  • (16) Positive feedback effects on serum gonadotrophins in castrates were observed following injection of certain doses of some steroids.
  • (17) Hence, presence of IgG rheumatoid factor correlated positively with the presence of rheumatoid disease, and evidence was established that certain features of rheumatoid inflammation occur in dental periapical lesions of many patients with rheumatoid disease.
  • (18) The typology developed in two previous surveys of illicit heroin products is applicable to many of the samples studied in this work, although significant changes have occurred in the chemical profile of illicit heroin products from certain geographical regions.
  • (19) The presence of an inverse correlation between certain tryptophan metabolites, shown previously to be bladder carcinogens, and the N-nitrosamine content, especially after loading, was interpreted in view of the possible conversion of some tryptophan metabolites into N-nitrosamines either under endovesical conditions or during the execution of the colorimetric determination of these compounds.
  • (20) An electrogenic sodium-potassium pump appears to contribute materially to the steady-state potential and to certain of the transient potential responses of vascular smooth muscle.