(n.) A genus of palms, one species of which produces the areca nut, or betel nut, which is chewed in India with the leaf of the Piper Betle and lime.
Example Sentences:
(1) Powdered slaked lime applied to the chewed Areca nut with Piper betle inflorescence at the corner of the mouth causes the mean pH to rise to 10, at which reactive oxygen species are generated from betel quid ingredients in vitro.
(2) Areca nut extract in a dose-dependent manner decreases cell survival, vital dye accumulation, and membrane integrity, and it causes formation of both DNA single strand breaks and DNA protein cross-links.
(3) Among cases, 98% chewed areca nut regularly in one form or the other whereas among controls 35% chewed areca nut, giving an overall relative risk of 109.6.
(4) Areca cattechu Linn is commonly known as areca nut or betel nut.
(5) Taken together, the observed pathobiological effects of areca-nut extract and certain related compounds in cultured human buccal epithelial cells indicate that these agents may contribute to the oral carcinogenicity associated with chewing betel quid.
(6) Only unprocessed areca nuts (R-UP-SD, R-UP-SD-WS and R-UP-UD-WS), at high doses, displayed a very weak carcinogenicity.
(7) We have evaluated the carcinogenicity of different preparations of areca nut: ripe-unprocessed-sundried nut (R-UP-SD), ripe-processed-sundried nut (R-P-SD), unripe-processed-sundried nut (UR-P-SD), ripe-unprocessed-sundried-water-soaked nut (R-UP-SD-WS) and ripe-unprocessed-undried-water-soaked nut (R-UP-UD-WS) in mice following diet-feeding or oral feeding for 12 months.
(8) The petroleum ether, alcoholic, and aqueous extracts of 5 indigenous plants, known to have antifertility activity in female rats and mice (Areca catechu Linn, Carica papaya Linn, Daucus carota Linn, Mentha arvensis Linn and polygonum hydropiper Linn), were evaluated for their possible antiovulatory activity in rabbits with copper-induced ovulation.
(9) A link between the generation of areca nut-related N-nitrosamines in the saliva, the induction of genotoxic damage in the oral mucosa, as judged by an increase in micronucleated exfoliated cells (MEC), and a low incidence of oral cancer was studied in 2 population groups characterized by their habit of chewing quids without tobacco: Guamanians, who chew areca nuts (Areca catechu) with or without the addition of betel leaf (Piper betle); Taiwanese, who use areca nut, betel leaf or inference and slaked lime.
(10) Although the decrease in the incidence in the intervention cohort was not statistically significant due to small number of cases, the results underscored the causal role of areca nut chewing and indicated the potential for primary prevention of oral submucous fibrosis.
(11) A TLC-densitometric method for the determination of arecoline in Semen Arecae (Areca catechu) was established, and arecoline content in three Semen Arecae (Imported, Hainan, Guanzhou) was determined.
(12) It is shown that there exists a correlationship between betel quid or areca nut chewing habit and oral cancer.
(13) The free calcium hydroxide content and pH of 25 lime samples were highly correlated with the generation of reactive oxygen species from areca nut extract in vitro, and DNA damage in vitro, measured as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.
(14) The results also imply that, besides arecoline, there may be some other water-extractable substances in the areca nut that make the extract more genotoxic.
(15) The Areca-derived 3-(methylnitrosamino)propionitrile (MNPN) was tested for its tumor initiating activity on mouse skin and for its tumorigenic potential in the oral mucosa of rats.
(16) Mixtures of 75-150 g areca nuts and 50-100 g pumpkin seeds were judged effective and safe.
(17) In one, used mainly by aborigines, fresh areca nut was simply wrapped with betel leaf and in another, popular mainly among Chinese, a lengthwise piece of betel fruit and lime paste was sandwiched between two halves of an areca nut.
(18) Finally, the genotoxicity of the salivary areca-nut-specific carcinogen 3-(N-nitrosomethyl-amino)propionaldehyde, was demonstrated by the formation of DNA protein cross-links and DNA single-strand breaks in normal buccal epithelial cells.
(19) Because of its origin and partially transformed phenotype, DOK presents an opportunity to study whether specific carcinogens associated with tobacco and areca nut can cause malignant transformation of oral keratinocytes in vitro.
(20) Then, they report on the three main basic components: Piper betle L. leaf, Areca catechu nut, and slaked lime.
Humid
Definition:
(a.) Containing sensible moisture; damp; moist; as, a humidair or atmosphere; somewhat wet or watery; as, humid earth; consisting of water or vapor.
Example Sentences:
(1) at -35 degrees C and as long as 10 hours at -5 degrees C. However, C. bovis died within 72-96 hours in muscles of cattle carcasses subjected to the activity of the temperatures minus 18-19 degrees C at a relative humidity of 86-90% under conditions of an industrial cold storage plant.
(2) Temperature, relative humidity, and air movement around the package can influence the permeability of the film.
(3) Infrared linear dichroism investigations indicate that the alternating poly[d(A-T)]-poly[d(A-T)], enzymatically synthesized, adopts a lower humidity a well-expressed A* form in which stability is relatively small,i.e., restricted to limited relative humidity.
(4) The influence of salt mixtures consisting of Ca(H2PO4)2, trace elements, CaSO4, CaCO3, Na2CO3, NaCl and K2SO4 in different combinations on the nitrifying power, evolution of carbon dioxide and the total number of bacteria was studied in arid soils (sandy and alluvial) and semi-humid ones (chernozem and rendzina).
(5) We assessed the longitudinal distribution of intra-airway heat and water exchanges and their effects on airway wall temperature by directly measuring respiratory fluctuations in airstream temperature and humidity, as well as airway wall temperature, at multiple sites along the airways of endotracheally intubated dogs.
(6) The structural transitions B leads to A and B leads to C measured as a function of relative humidities were not affected by formation of complexes with both basic polypeptides.
(7) The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ageing on textiles (17.5 months), air temperature (25-45 degrees C) and relative air humidity (RH) (45-85%) on the CH2O release rate from 6 kinds of drapers and furniture coverings.
(8) In the absence of other factors known to influence sectioning properties, high environmental relative humidity is shown to yield poorly embedded tissue.
(9) At 10% humidity the half-life-time was only 55 min.
(10) The effects of a number of drugs, potassium and calcium ions, and air humidity on mucociliary function were studied in isolated preparations of rats bronchial tree.
(11) Minimum relative humidity and maximum and minimum temperatures on day of evening sample were associated with 1.6 to 5.6% of variability within lactation (range for two breeds) of milk and milk constituent yields and 1.1 to 16.5% of constituent percentages.
(12) The correlation analysis applied showed that the parameters most markedly influencing the grain concentration of most taxa were the temperature and humidity.
(13) A difference density map obtained from data on purple membrane films at 15% relative humidity in 2H2O, and the same sample after complete drying in vacuum, revealed that about eight of these protons belong to four water molecules.
(14) The facility presents uniform fields under controlled temperature and humidity.
(15) Humidity has been postulated as a primary determinant of particle charge during aerosol generation.
(16) At high humidities up to 98%, an increase in bacteria cannot be detected.
(17) Successful colonization and invasion of experimentally inoculated feathers required addition of moisture and elevation of relative humidity within the cultures.
(18) These samples were collected from atmospheres of either analyte generated at 35 degrees-40 degrees C and 80%-90% relative humidity to simulate an exhaled breath sample matrix.
(19) It has been established that the structure of the hormone includes a set of regular helical forms which varies considerably with the humidity and dielectric constant of the medium.
(20) The presence of Daubentonia in southern Madagascar does not demonstrate that this region was markedly more humid or densely forested in the recent past.