(a.) Not well advanced in learning; not quick of apprehension; dull; inapt; as, a backward child.
(a.) Late or behindhand; as, a backward season.
(a.) Not advanced in civilization; undeveloped; as, the country or region is in a backward state.
(a.) Already past or gone; bygone.
(n.) The state behind or past.
(v. i.) To keep back; to hinder.
Example Sentences:
(1) This movement generates forward and backward shearing force in the stagnation region as the separated flow migrates back and forth.
(2) The estimated forward (k) and backward (1) rate constants are: 2.45 x I05 M-1 s- and 0.23 x 103 s-1, respectively, for k and I for the case when the drug is trapped by both activation and inactivation gates, and 3.58 x 105 M-l s-l and 4.15 x 10-3 S-l for the case when the drug is not trapped.
(3) On physical examination the patients complained of pain on both passive flexion and internal rotation of the hip, and when the thigh was pushed backwards at 90 degrees of flexion.
(4) The effects of maxillary protracting bow appliance were the maxillary forward movement associated with counter-clockwise rotation of the nasal floor and the mandibular backward movement associated with clockwise rotation.
(5) Treadmill acceleration impulses were backwards or forwards directed, or their direction was inverted after 30 ms. Backwards directed impulses were followed by gastrocnemius and forwards directed ones by tibialis anterior EMG responses (latency 65-75 ms) whose duration depended on impulse duration.
(6) For all my enthusiasm, my family must have felt we were taking a step backwards in lifestyle.
(7) The response was composed of an isometric phase, during which the body weight was shifted from the stimulated limb to the opposite forelimb while the stimulated limb was gently pushed backwards, and a movement phase during which the stimulated paw actually accomplished the placing reaction.
(9) Older subjects were found to be significantly more susceptible to the backward masking effect over longer delays between the target and masking stimuli.
(10) Those with unstable Dunlop test responses were much more likely to be backward or low normal readers than children with stable responses.
(11) The effects of interval duration as well as of repeated presentation of paired stimuli on backward connections show that these factors are of considerable importance for their formation.
(12) They need not tilt the head backwards during inhalation or hold their breath afterwards.
(13) Unsurprisingly, one of the three lonely references at the end of O'Reilly's essay is to a 2012 speech entitled " Regulation: Looking Backward, Looking Forward" by Cass Sunstein , the prominent American legal scholar who is the chief theorist of the nudging state.
(14) Results for the backward-counting condition duplicate, for the retention intervals used, the shape of the classic Peterson and Peterson forgetting curve but indicate little loss of memory in either the rehearsal or alpha conditions.
(15) But we won't be taking a backwards step, not this week, not this year, or next year or ever."
(16) Twenty-four male graduate volunteers were administered a battery of psychological tests--critical flicker fusion (CFF; alternate and simultaneous), reaction time (simple and choice), memory (forward and backward), and associative recall--to ascertain their performance capability during the different times of day.
(17) We implemented a parallel version of the backward error propagation neural network training algorithm in the widely portable parallel programming language C-Linda.
(18) The target patterns varied in the number of line segments that they contained and were presented in the presence or absence of a backward-masking stimulus.
(19) We self-censure because it would put us all back, it would diminish who we are.” Of course she’s a feminist: “That just means believing that women can do everything men can but backwards in heels with a cherry on top.
(20) Facebook Twitter Pinterest Britain needs to talk about the R-word: racism It is also a wakeup call to those who recognise racism only when it is played out like a scene from Django Unchained , those who think that racism has to be some vulgar incident perpetrated only by the backward, ignorant and poorly educated, those who believe that racism has to be an act, rather than a complicated and intangible framework that sets up obstacles.
Whiplash
Definition:
(n.) The lash of a whip, -- usually made of thongs of leather, or of cords, braided or twisted.
Example Sentences:
(1) To provide a perspective on "whiplash" injury in Australia by examining conflicting evidence, which suggests on the one hand that the disorder is a culturally conditioned and legally sanctioned illness and on the other, that it is an occult injury which can cause chronic pain.
(2) Whiplash, or cervical acceleration extension injury, is due predominantly to hyperextension and prolongation of the neck, with rebound flexion.
(3) Psychological tests and psychiatric evaluation indicated that organic brain pathology was present in the whiplash patients, although to a lesser extent than in patients with traumatic encephalopathy.
(4) PEMT as described is safe for domiciliary use and this study suggests that PEMT has a beneficial effect in the management of the acute whiplash injury.
(5) Contact with the tentacles of the jellyfish had produced characteristic whiplash-like weals on the skin.
(6) The special features indicating neck involvement include: whiplash trauma by history, reduction of range of movement in the neck, ipsilateral shoulder and--occasionally--arm pain, and, further, the fact that attacks can be precipitated mechanically by the patients (by neck movements) or by the physician (by external pressure towards circumscribed points in the neck).
(7) Our investigation shows that skeletal lesions after whiplash injury, although very few, are shown by plain skeletal radiography.
(8) This disturbance of retention is not observed when the acquisition is performed before the whiplash.
(9) Chronic rheumatic pain syndromes such as the fibrositis syndrome, 'whiplash' syndrome, low back pain syndrome and regional pain syndrome are common clinical disorders of unknown cause.
(10) Case reports are given to discuss the pathomechanism and therapy of emphysema as a result of injuries of cranium and larynx, dental treatment, whiplash injury, adenotonsillectomy and spontaneously in asthma.
(11) Risk factors which should alert the medical team to possible coexisting brain injury include history of loss of consciousness at original injury, history of trauma to the head, whiplash injury to the neck, multisystem trauma, and admission of memory or attention deficits by the patient.
(12) Acute whiplash injuries are a common cause of soft tissue trauma for which the standard treatment is rest and initial immobilisation with a soft cervical collar.
(13) This article reviews the literature on whiplash shaken infant syndrome since Caffey's original review.
(14) Laryngeal ruptures are caused by vertical traction on the larynx and trachea, mainly by pushing the chin upon a dashboard or by so called whiplash trauma.
(15) In this report are described chemically-induced ulnar neuritis from cortisone injections about the medial humeral epicondyle; pressure ulnar neuritis in patients with enforced bed rest and from improper positioning on operating table with permanent neural deficit and the relationship of such hypermobile ulnar nerves to extension-flexion (whiplash) trauma to the neck.
(16) The published English language literature derived from MEDLINE covering epidemiological, pathogenetic and psychological aspects of "whiplash" injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, abnormal illness behaviour and iatrogenicity; the Australian legal literature; the printed news media; the Transport Accident Commission of Victoria and the State Government Insurance Commission of South Australia.
(17) During flexion whiplash, the torque at the occipital condyle reverses its direction at about 25 ms after impact.
(18) These case reports illustrate both sides of the controversy on the organic versus psychogenic etiology of the cerebral symptoms following whiplash-injury of the neck.
(19) Whiplash injuries usually result in neck pain owing to myofascial trauma, which has been documented in both animal and human studies.
(20) Otoneurological examination showed abnormalities in 9 of 17 whiplash subjects.