(prep.) Under, or lower in place; beneath not so high; as, below the moon; below the knee.
(prep.) Inferior to in rank, excellence, dignity, value, amount, price, etc.; lower in quality.
(prep.) Unworthy of; unbefitting; beneath.
(adv.) In a lower place, with respect to any object; in a lower room; beneath.
(adv.) On the earth, as opposed to the heavens.
(adv.) In hell, or the regions of the dead.
(adv.) In court or tribunal of inferior jurisdiction; as, at the trial below.
(adv.) In some part or page following.
Example Sentences:
Downstream
Definition:
(adv.) Down the stream; as, floating downstream.
Example Sentences:
(1) Arterial-type flows produced a pair of vortex sinks downstream of the branching port.
(2) Protein kinase C (PKC) is activated rapidly and transiently following ionizing radiation exposure and is postulated to activate downstream nuclear signal transducers.
(3) In contrast, cholesterol precursors downstream from lanosterol, i.e., desmosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol, completely replaced cholesterol in supporting NS-1 cell growth.
(4) By allelic exchange using cloned PI genes from FA19 (PIA) and MS11 (PIB) and a selectable marker introduced closely downstream of these genes, we constructed sets of isogenic gonococcal strains that differ only in their PI gene.
(5) By using our DNA probe, we could disclose, in addition to the StyI site at amino acid position 420, two further StyI site downstream: one was specific for the GC*1S allele and another for the GC*1F allele.
(6) A new alternative splice site was incidently found 81 nucleotide downstream of motif II in both normal and truncated 4.1 mRNA.
(7) By placing the thigh in external flexion-rotation the deep femoral artery can readily be approached downstream the first perforating artery.
(8) It also suggests that the -10 and its downstream regions are more important than the -35 region for the formation of the E sigma A-P2 promoter open complex.
(9) By using primer 1 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGGAATCCAGGATCTG-3', upstream nucleotides 157 to 2877), primer 2 (5'-AAAGAATTCATGAACGTGAAGGAATCG-3', upstream nucleotides 1846 to 2877), and primer 4(5'-ATAAAGCTTAATCAGACGTTCTCTTCTTC-3', downstream nucleotides 157 to 2877 and 1846 to 2877), the HCMV B gene code region sequence and its glycoprotein 52 kd antigenic domain sequence were amplified from the recombinant plasmid pBH1 DNA containing the HCMV B gene.
(10) The sequence analysis showed a single nucleotide substitution (G----A) at position 69 nts (delta +69) downstream to the polyA addition site.
(11) The insertion at codon 24 ends protein translation and has a polar effect on the expression of the downstream umuC gene.
(12) Repair within the gene was shown to be much more efficient than that in silent downstream sequences or in the genome overall.
(13) We identified a 700-codon open reading frame, downstream from the flbF promoter region, that was predicted to be the flbF structural gene.
(14) The differential component force Fm - Fa provides the ventricular impulse needed to overcome the inertia of the system due to (1) the mass of the blood, (2) the geometrical constriction of the outflow tract as one moves downstream (Bernoulli effect), and (2) the moving ventricular walls.
(15) The transposons were altered so that upon insertion into the chromosome, transcription fusions are formed in which the promoter regions of fla genes drive the expression of the downstream promoter-less drug resistance genes.
(16) Preliminary evidence is presented showing that the downstream open reading frame is functional in vivo.
(17) Regulation of argininosuccinate synthetase (AS) was studied by using minigenes containing 3 kilobases of DNA upstream from the TATAA box and 9 kilobases downstream (including the first four exons of the AS gene) ligated to either the cDNA for AS or to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene.
(18) When the CRP site was placed far downstream of the promoter, a moderate repression of transcription was observed.
(19) A mouse homologue was indeed identified and is located 16 kb downstream of the C alpha 1 exon.
(20) We propose that the -10 hexamer sequence and the adjacent downstream region are both important in regulating transcription by ppGpp.