(1) Epidemiologists need to conduct studies to determine if there is an increased likelihood of developing cancer in betel chewing pregnant women and OC users due to increased sensitivity of their lymphocytes to genetic damage compared with nonchewing pregnant women and OC users.
(2) Boric acid, propionic acid and potassium metabisulphite were used for the control of aflatoxin B1 on betel nuts.
(3) The results suggest that formation of reactive oxygen species in the presence of NNN may be a key factor in the initiation of oral tumours in tobacco and betel-quid chewers.
(4) Betel leaf extract at the dose levels used in the present study did not affect the body weight gain among rats.
(5) It was found that among the betel chewers as well as the non betels chewers., the highest caries susceptibility was in the age group of 20-34 years.
(6) Powdered slaked lime applied to the chewed Areca nut with Piper betle inflorescence at the corner of the mouth causes the mean pH to rise to 10, at which reactive oxygen species are generated from betel quid ingredients in vitro.
(7) Moreover both the extracts of betel leaf reduce the mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene and dimethylbenzanthracene.
(8) Areca cattechu Linn is commonly known as areca nut or betel nut.
(9) The effect of betel leaf extract and some of its constituents, eugenol, hydroxychavicol, beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol, on benzo[a]pyrene-induced forestomach neoplasia in male Swiss mice was examined.
(10) The frequency of micronucleated cells (MNC) derived from exfoliated human oral mucosal cells has been measured to assess genotoxic damage in chewers of betel quid with tobacco (BQT) and tobacco with lime (T).
(11) Of seven sources, Banarasi betel leaves showed the maximum amounts of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol.
(12) Taken together, the observed pathobiological effects of areca-nut extract and certain related compounds in cultured human buccal epithelial cells indicate that these agents may contribute to the oral carcinogenicity associated with chewing betel quid.
(13) The elevation of MEC in Taiwanese, who are at low risk for oral cancer, is relatively small as compared to that found in chewers of Indian betel quids (pan), who show a highly elevated oral cancer risk.
(14) There is a need for more active and culturally appropriate health education programs to help prevent the negative effects of betel-nut chewing.
(15) DMSO extract of a mixture of tobacco and betel nut positively increased the incidence of early malignant changes in the hamster cheek pouch, indicating the enhancing effect of betel nut in carcinogenesis.
(16) A link between the generation of areca nut-related N-nitrosamines in the saliva, the induction of genotoxic damage in the oral mucosa, as judged by an increase in micronucleated exfoliated cells (MEC), and a low incidence of oral cancer was studied in 2 population groups characterized by their habit of chewing quids without tobacco: Guamanians, who chew areca nuts (Areca catechu) with or without the addition of betel leaf (Piper betle); Taiwanese, who use areca nut, betel leaf or inference and slaked lime.
(17) In addition, she had discontinued chewing betel nut that was used daily by virtually all of her fellow islanders on Yap.
(18) Arecoline, a major betel nut alkaloid, was tested for its effectiveness in inducing micronuclei in fetal mouse blood after transplacental exposure late in the gestation period.
(19) "Municipal officers used to come and demand bribes every month from all the street shops and vendors; I would curse them under my breath but used to pay," said Tara Kant Jha, 46, a street vendor who sells cigarettes and betel leaves – used like chewing tobacco.
(20) (3) Formation of endogenous NOC was assessed by the NPRO test in: (i) subjects living in high- and low-incidence areas for stomach cancer in northern Japan, Costa Rica and Poland; (ii) subjects with different habits of betel-quid chewing and tobacco use; (iii) patients with urinary bladder infections; and (iv) subjects infested with liver fluke in Thailand.
Describe
Definition:
(v. t.) To represent by drawing; to draw a plan of; to delineate; to trace or mark out; as, to describe a circle by the compasses; a torch waved about the head in such a way as to describe a circle.
(v. t.) To represent by words written or spoken; to give an account of; to make known to others by words or signs; as, the geographer describes countries and cities.
(v. t.) To distribute into parts, groups, or classes; to mark off; to class.
(v. i.) To use the faculty of describing; to give a description; as, Milton describes with uncommon force and beauty.
Example Sentences:
(1) Indicators for evaluation and monitoring and outcome measures are described within the context of health service management to describe control measure output in terms of community effectiveness.
(2) All transplants were performed using standard techniques, the operation for the two groups differing only as described above.
(3) In January 2011, the Nobel peace prize laureate was admitted to a Johannesburg hospital for what officials initially described as tests but what turned out to be an acute respiratory infection .
(4) The taxonomic relationship of strains H4-14 and 25a with previously described Xanthobacter strains was studied by numerical classification.
(5) Models able to describe the events of cellular growth and division and the dynamics of cell populations are useful for the understanding of functional control mechanisms and for the theoretical support for automated analysis of flow cytometric data and of cell volume distributions.
(6) The testing of other models and their failure to describe the kinetic observations are discussed.
(7) A group I subset (six animals), for which predominant cultivable microbiota was described, had a mean GI of 2.4.
(8) On the basis of 180 interventions, they describe in detail the use of fibrin glue in myringo- and tympanoplasty for correct fixing of grafts.
(9) Local embolism, vertebral distal-stump embolism, the dynamics of hemorrhagic infarction and embolus-in-transit are briefly described.
(10) This article describes a number of syndromes affecting the nail unit.
(11) King also described how representatives of every country at this month's G7 meeting in Canada seemed to be relying on an export-led recovery to revive their economies.
(12) Some commentators have described his ship, now facing more delays after a decade in development, as little more than a Heath Robinson machine.
(13) The small units described here could be inhibitory interneurons which convert the excitatory response of large units into inhibition.
(14) A disease in an IgD (lambda) plasmocytoma is described, where after therapy with Alkeran and prednisone a disappearance of all clinical and laboratory findings indicating an activity could be observed.
(15) These authors, therefore, conclude that this modified surgical approach is a viable alternative to the previously described procedures for resistant metatarsus adductus.
(16) It was the purpose of the present study to describe the normal pattern of the growth sites of the nasal septum according to age and sex by histological and microradiographical examination of human autopsy material.
(17) Each profile is described by a simple sequence of band transitions (BT-sequence).
(18) After a discussion of the therapeutic relationship, several coping strategies which have been used successfully by many women are described and therapeutic applications are offered.
(19) The article describes an unusual case with development of a right anterior mediastinal mass after bypass surgery with internal mammary artery grafts.
(20) One rare case of blind-ending branch originating in the upper third of the ureter are described.