(1) We found that each of the gaits that use the legs in pairs can be transformed into a common underlying gait, a virtual biped gait.
(2) Particular fossils from Olduvai and Kromdraai that are supposed to be australopithecine and therefore bipeds, are confirmed (Oxnard, '72; Lisowski et al., '74) as being totally different from man in their talar morphology and essentially rather similar to the majority of the other fossil tali examined.
(3) This paper deals with the development of a conceptual model for the control of a multilink biped during a turning maneuver.
(4) At high speeds, bipeds use both ordinary running, in which the legs move opposite one another, and hopping.
(5) It is shown that stable biped gaits can be achieved by discrete foot placement based on feedback of information available at the time of foot placement.
(6) Its mechanisms are nearly the same in superior species and in man, but humans are the only ones to have acquired exclusively biped upright position and gait.
(7) Although 15 of the 22 patients developing contralateral infection (or 33 percent of the total series) required some type of amputation on the contralateral foot, the conservative approach allowed 64 percent of the patients with severe infections in both feet to maintain biped ambulation.
(8) Sixty female rats were divided into three groups: twenth were converted to bipeds, twenty to asymmetrics and twenty were raised as a control group.
(9) Running in both bipeds and quadrupeds generally involves at least one aerial phase per stride cycle, but certain perturbations to running including running in circles, running under enhanced gravity, running on compliant surfaces and running with increased knee flexion (Groucho running) can reduce the aerial phase, even to zero.
(10) Reanalysis of empirical data relating the energetic ost of running (Erun = cm3 02 g-1 km-1) to body mass (g) indicate the slopes of these regression analyses are indistinguishable when bipeds and quadrupeds are compared.
(11) It is assumed that orthostatic characteristics of circulation are an adequate phenotypical manifestation of the human genotype as a biped living being.
(12) Whole-body dynamics common to two-, four-, six- and eight-legged runners is produced in six-legged runners by three pairs of legs that differ in orientation with respect to the body, generate unique ground reaction force patterns, but combine to function in the same way as one leg of a biped.
(13) Using the new version of a Protein Structural Database, BIPED, beta-turns have been extracted from 58 non-identical proteins (resolution less than or equal to 2 A) using the standard criteria that the distance between C alpha i and C alpha i + 3 is less than 7 A and that the central residues are not helical.
(14) The work done during each step to lift and to reaccelerate (in the forward direction) and center of mass has been measured during locomotion in bipeds (rhea and turkey), quadrupeds (dogs, stump-tailed macaques, and ram), and hoppers (kangaroo and springhare).
(15) Fossils that are assigned to Paranthropus indicate that the South African "robust" australopithecines engaged in tool behavior and were essentially terrestrial bipeds at around 1.8 Myr BP.
(16) The skeletal model is a seven link biped for which the equations of motion are derived.
(17) It was found that the bipeds developed typical characteristics of the upright posture: complete erectness of the torso and legs and noticeable enhancement of lumbar lordosis.
(18) It was, and is, the capital of work, the cast-iron, steel-and-glass leveller of men; the city where dust from the "subway" system elevated above the streets on iron stilts showers down on the bipeds beneath regardless of status.
(19) The amino acid sequence of the major ferredoxin component isolated from a dinoflagellate, Peridinium bipes, was completely determined.
(20) Results of this study show reduction in litter size in the amputated groups, with greater reduction of offspring among the biped group, than in the asymmetric group.
Quadruped
Definition:
(a.) Having four feet.
(n.) An animal having four feet, as most mammals and reptiles; -- often restricted to the mammals.
Example Sentences:
(1) BigDog Facebook Twitter Pinterest BigDog is a autonomous packhorse Funded by Darpa and the US army, BigDog is Boston Dynamics’ most famous robot, a large mule-like quadruped that walks around like a dog, self balancing and navigating a range of terrain.
(2) The apparatus consists of three basic components; a set of 4 strain gauge platforms on which the quadruped is trained to stand, a restraining device to keep the animal positioned over the strain gauge platforms and two mobile plates which mechanically stimulate the left or the right forelimb to produce the placing movement.
(3) This paper describes a system for the quantitative analysis of posture and stance in the freely standing quadruped.
(4) In estimated body weight and relative height of the coronoid process, the fossil is similar to arboreal quadrupeds, such as Cebus apella and Chiropotes.
(5) Neither the position of their center of gravity nor the average position of their foot contacts is substantially different from that of other quadrupeds supporting most of their weight on their forelimbs.
(6) Spontaneous quadruped walking with the ventral surface of the body off the floor was first observed at postnatal day 11.
(7) 10.25am BST Elefántcsontpart did always look like a particularly good name for the Ivory Coast, even when I had no idea what it meant – though I could guess that the first bit related to a large grey betrunked quadruped.
(8) A device used for study of postural reactions associated with placing movement in the quadruped is described.
(9) The energetic cost for walking is relatively higher for penguins than for other birds or for quadrupeds of similar body mass.
(10) These experiments evaluated the relative contributions of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors to control of plasma renin activity (PRA) in conscious dogs in which PRA was elevated to two- and threefold basal levels by the orthostatic stress of passive quadruped standing and by 24-h water deprivation.
(11) Many parameters of gait and performance, including stride frequency, stride length, maximum speed, and rate of O2 uptake are experimentally found to be power-law functions of body weight in running quadrupeds.
(12) Ferrocyanide, a nontoxic, quadrupally charged anion was not absorbed; it could therefore be used as an osmotically active solute with reflection coefficient of 1.0 to adjust rates of fluid absorption, Jv, and to measure the coefficient of osmotic flow, Lp.
(13) Quadrupeds generally use the trot or its variations at moderate speeds, and first the canter and then the gallop as speed increases.
(14) Running in both bipeds and quadrupeds generally involves at least one aerial phase per stride cycle, but certain perturbations to running including running in circles, running under enhanced gravity, running on compliant surfaces and running with increased knee flexion (Groucho running) can reduce the aerial phase, even to zero.
(15) Compared to data obtained in quadrupeds, these results suggest that the entrainment of breathing frequency by the locomotor activity is due to central interactions between the respiratory and locomotor pattern generators and does not depend on a chemical regulation avoided here by short locomotor sequences.
(16) 1) Although periodic passive hindlimb movements can reproduce the enhancement of breathing frequency seen at the onset of muscular exercise, we have shown previously that they were unable to induce the 1:1 coupling which is observed between locomotion and respiration during galloping in quadrupeds.
(17) Experiments on human wrist-pendular activity and detailed analyses of the mass and length dependencies of the locomotory cycle times of quadrupeds, large birds, small passerines, hummingbirds, and insects are performed with respect to the dynamical properties predicted for systems in the pendular clocking mode.
(18) The ultrastructure of the bearing surface of baboon articular cartilage resembles that of quadrupeds such as the dog.
(19) MACN-SC 101 may represent the incipient divergence of a generalized platyrrhine arboreal quadruped toward a more suspensory form.
(20) If you’ve got a quadruped robot, or a robot with wheels, it’s not really designed for that environment, so it might be able to adapt.